High-k ternary rare earth oxides by atomic layer deposition

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Aalto-yliopiston teknillinen korkeakoulu | Doctoral thesis (article-based)
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Date
2010
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Mcode
Degree programme
Language
en
Pages
Verkkokirja (1496 KB, 50 s.)
Series
Inorganic chemistry publication series, 11
Abstract
The present thesis describes atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ternary rare earth (RE) oxides and characterization of compositional, structural and electrical properties of the films. The REScO3, LaLuO3 and ErxGa2-xO3 thin films investigated are potential high-κ materials for future metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, i.e. MOSFETs. The dissertation consists of five peer reviewed publications. As a background for the work, issues related to the miniaturization of MOSFETs and the feasibility of rare earth oxides as new high-κ dielectrics are discussed. Also some challenges of manufacturing Ga-based MOSFETs with high quality gate oxide having satisfactory interface properties and the role of rare earth oxides in GaAs passivation are presented. In addition the basic principle of the ALD method is briefly introduced and recent literature concerning deposition of rare earth oxides is reviewed. A series of REScO3 thin films was deposited by ALD using rare earth β-diketonate precursors RE(thd)3 together with ozone. The films were characterized for growth rate, elemental composition, crystallization upon annealing and electrical properties. Amorphous films of high quality with low impurity contents and promising electrical characteristics were produced. Several gradually evolving properties of the films were examined and the effect of the RE3+ cation size was discussed. YScO3 films were also deposited using novel cyclopentadienyl metal precursors and water. Deposition of LaLuO3 films having similar properties but even higher dielectric constant (κ ≈ 30) than ternary scandates was examined at two different temperatures. The relationship between the crystallization behaviour and the dielectric constant of REScO3 and LaLuO3 thin films was discussed. Finally deposition of a possible gate oxide for GaAs MOSFETs, viz. ErxGa2-xO3 by two different precursor approaches was investigated. In addition to β-diketonate metal precursors novel cyclopentadienyl and amidinate metal precursors together with water as oxygen source were utilized. For both YScO3 and ErxGa2-xO3 films the choice of precursor system affected e.g. the electrical properties and the crystallization behavior.
Description
Supervising professor
Karppinen, Maarit, Acad. Prof.
Thesis advisor
Niinistö, Lauri, Prof. emer.
Putkonen, Matti, Prof.
Keywords
thin film, ternary rare earth oxide, high-k dielectric
Other note
Parts
  • [Publication 1]: Pia Myllymäki, Minna Nieminen, Jaakko Niinistö, Matti Putkonen, Kaupo Kukli, and Lauri Niinistö. 2006. High-permittivity YScO3 thin films by atomic layer deposition using two precursor approaches. Journal of Materials Chemistry, volume 16, number 6, pages 563-569. © 2006 Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). By permission.
  • [Publication 2]: P. Myllymäki, M. Roeckerath, M. Putkonen, S. Lenk, J. Schubert, L. Niinistö, and S. Mantl. 2007. Characterization and electrical properties of high-κ GdScO3 thin films grown by atomic layer deposition. Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing, volume 88, number 4, pages 633-637.
  • [Publication 3]: Pia Myllymäki, Martin Roeckerath, Joao Marcelo Lopes, Jürgen Schubert, Kenichiro Mizohata, Matti Putkonen, and Lauri Niinistö. 2010. Rare earth scandate thin films by atomic layer deposition: effect of the rare earth cation size. Journal of Materials Chemistry, volume 20, number 20, pages 4207-4212. © 2010 Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). By permission.
  • [Publication 4]: M. Roeckerath, T. Heeg, J. M. J. Lopes, J. Schubert, S. Mantl, A. Besmehn, P. Myllymäki, and L. Niinistö. 2008. Characterization of lanthanum lutetium oxide thin films grown by atomic layer deposition as an alternative gate dielectric. Thin Solid Films, volume 517, number 1, pages 201-203. © 2008 Elsevier Science. By permission.
  • [Publication 5]: Charles L. Dezelah IV, Pia Myllymäki, Jani Päiväsaari, Kai Arstila, Lauri Niinistö, and Charles H. Winter. 2007. The growth of ErxGa2−xO3 films by atomic layer deposition from two different precursor systems. Journal of Materials Chemistry, volume 17, number 13, pages 1308-1315. © 2007 Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). By permission.
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