Evaluation of Voltage Profile in Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Photovoltaic Energy Associated with Battery Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

Clean energy sources, including Photovoltaic, in active distribution grids are bringing new challenges in terms of design and operation. An observed problem is the rising voltage profile in regions where PV generation is increasing. This paper proposes a model based on a Multi-period Optimal Power Flow (MOPF) for the placement and management of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in active distribution grids taking into account PV units. The model is implemented in AMPL, which is a Modelling language for Mathematical Programming, and deal with the Knitro solver for a 24-hour period aiming at minimizing the voltage deviations. Several experimental tests were carried out on a 33-Bus test system. The results demonstrate that the proposed model is effective in improving the voltage profile, e.g., in a case where the voltage exceeded its limit of 1.05 p.u. to 1.0726 p.u., utilizing the BESS returned it to the range (1.0324 p.u.). The results also indicate that the proposed model can enhance the performance of the power system, especially in terms of BESS placement.