Industrial potential of monoterpenes of Scots pine.
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School of Chemical Engineering |
Master's thesis
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Authors
Date
2024-12-29
Department
Major/Subject
Biomass Refining
Mcode
Degree programme
Master's Programme in Chemical, Biochemical and Materials Engineering
Language
en
Pages
48
Series
Abstract
The objective of this master thesis was to figure out the dynamics of monoterpene emissions during steam drying of Scots pine and to find the optimal conditions for the recovery of turpentine from the steam drying condensate. During the industrial drying of pine wood, monoterpenes, particularly α-pinene and β-pinene, are potentially released in the environment as VOCs. Monoterpenes are relatively volatile, and they may evaporate at the temperature typically used in wood drying process. Their emissions as VOCs not only contribute to environmental concerns but also represent a loss of valuable compounds that could be captured and utilized. For steam drying, six steam drying experiments were conducted at 100°C, 130°C, and 150°C with relative humidity (RH) levels of 50% and 80%. Experimental results indicated minimal turpentine recovery from steam drying, with only 0.3-0.4 g/kg turpentine on dry wood recovered from the collected condensates at 130°C and 150°C respectively, both at 80% RH. No turpentine layer was observed over water from the condensates under other conditions. In contrast, steam distillation of wood chips yielded consistently 3-5 g/kg turpentine on dry wood mass. For the chips steam dried at 130 and 150°C the distillation yield was generally lower (1-4 g/kg). Quantification of monoterpenes in the acetone extracts of the milled wood chips confirmed that their steam drying at the higher temperatures lowered the monoterpene content of the chips. α-Pinene and 3-carene were the dominant monoterpenes in the acetone extracts, steam distillates and steam drying condensates. However, -pinene was the third major component in few samples. In general, the monoterpene content and composition varied between individual wood batches (5-8 kg each) that were subjected to drying.Description
Supervisor
Vuorinen, TapaniThesis advisor
Dessbesell, LuanaKeywords
Scots pine, turpentine, monoterpene, volatile organic compounds VOC's, steam drying, steam distillation, beta pinene, 3-Carene