Control Aspects for Energy-Efficient and Sensorless AC Motor Drives

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School of Electrical Engineering | Doctoral thesis (article-based) | Defence date: 2015-07-10
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Date
2015
Department
Sähkötekniikan ja automaation laitos
Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation
Major/Subject
Mcode
Degree programme
Language
en
Pages
56 + app. 65
Series
Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS, 85/2015
Abstract
This research proposes control methods for improving the energy efficiency and stability of sensorless AC motor drives. The study focuses on induction motors (IMs) and synchronous reluctance motors (SyRMs). Loss-minimizing methods are developed for both IM and SyRM drives. The loss-minimizing control applies dynamic space-vector motor models which take into account hysteresis losses and eddy-current losses as well as the magnetic saturation. The minimum points of the loss function are numerically searched in order to calculate the efficiency-optimal control variable. Magnetic saturation effects can affect the energy optimization more significantly than core-loss parameters. Additionally, flux-angle and rotor-angle estimation methods in sensorless drives are also sensitive to inductance parameters. A saturation model was proposed for SyRMs using explicit power functions. The proposed model takes into account cross saturation and fulfills the reciprocity condition. In order to improve the stability of the sensorless IM drives, especially at low speeds, a gain scheduling method was proposed for a full-order flux observer. The observer gains are selected as functions of the rotor speed estimate in order to improve the damping and robustness of the closed-loop system. The observer is augmented with a stator-resistance adaptation scheme in the low-speed region. In high-speed applications with limited sampling frequency, dynamic performance of the discrete-time approximation of a continuous-time controller can dramatically decrease, and can, in the worst case, even become unstable. A discrete-time current controller was proposed for SyRMs. The current controller is designed based on the exact discrete-time motor model that includes the effects of the zero-order hold and delays. The dynamic performance and robustness are improved, especially at low sampling to fundamental frequency ratios.
Description
Supervising professor
Luomi, Jorma, Prof., Aalto University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Finland
Hinkkanen, Marko, Prof., Aalto University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Finland
Thesis advisor
Hinkkanen, Marko, Prof., Aalto University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Finland
Keywords
discrete-time control, energy efficiency, induction motor, magnetic saturation, observer, speed sensorless, stability, synchronous reluctance motor
Other note
Parts
  • [Publication 1]: Z. Qu, M. Ranta, M. Hinkkanen, and J. Luomi. Loss-minimizing flux level control of induction motor drives. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 48, issue 3, pp. 952-961, May-June 2012.
    DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2012.2190818 View at publisher
  • [Publication 2]: Z. Qu, T. Tuovinen, and M. Hinkkanen. Inclusion of magnetic saturation in dynamic models of synchronous reluctance motors. In Proc. XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2012), Marseille, France, Sep. 2012.
  • [Publication 3]: Z. Qu and M. Hinkkanen. Loss-minimizing control of synchronous reluctance motors - a review. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT 2013), Captown, South Africa, Feb. 2013.
    DOI: 10.1109/ICIT.2013.6505697 View at publisher
  • [Publication 4]: Z. Qu, T. Tuovinen, and M. Hinkkanen. Minimizing losses of a synchronous reluctance motor drive taking into account core losses and magnetic saturation. In the 16th Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE’14-ECCE Europe, Lappeenranta, Finland, Aug. 2014.
  • [Publication 5]: Z. Qu, M. Hinkkanen, and L. Harnefors. Gain scheduling of a fullorder observer for sensorless induction motor drives. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 50, issue. 6, pp. 3834-3845, Nov.-Dec. 2014.
    DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2014.2323482 View at publisher
  • [Publication 6]: M. Hinkkanen, Z. Qu, H. A. A. Awan, T. Tuovinen, and F. Briz. Current control for IPMSM drives: direct discrete-time pole-placement design. In IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD), Turin, Italy, Mar. 2015.
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Permanent link to this item
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-6253-2
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[diss] Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu / ELEC