Extension of energy crops on surplus agricultural lands: A potentially viable option in developing countries while fossil fuel reserves are diminishing

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Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Authors

Rahman, Md. Mizanur
B.Mostafiz, Suraiya
Paatero, Jukka V.
Lahdelma, Risto

Date

2014-01

Department

Department of Energy Technology
Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering

Major/Subject

Mcode

Degree programme

Language

en

Pages

12
108-119

Series

RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, Volume 29

Abstract

The rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns with their combustion necessitate looking for alternative sources for long term sustainability of the world. These concerns also appear serious in developing countries who are striving for rapid economic growth. The net biomass growing potential on the global land surface is 10 times more than the global food, feed, fiber, and energy demands. This study investigates whether the developing countries have sufficient land resource to meet the projected energy demand towards 2035 by planting energy crops on surplus agricultural land after food and feed production. The annual yields of four commonly grown energy crops specifically jatropha, switchgrass, miscanthus, and willow have been used to make scenarios and estimate land requirements against each scenario. This paper first performs literature reviews on the availability of land resource, past and future trends in land use changes, demand of lands for food production, and potential expansion of croplands. The energy demands towards 2035 are compiled from energy scenarios derived by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the British Petroleum (BP). This paper also reviewed bio-physiological characteristics of these energy crops to determine whether they are cultivable under tropical climatic conditions in developing regions. This paper found that projected energy demand through 2035 in developing regions could be provided by energy crops grown on a portion of surplus croplands or upgraded grasslands (27% and 22% respectively for miscanthus scenario). Sustainable land management practices, improved agricultural productivity, and adopting suitable energy crops cultivation can potentially supply increasing energy demands.

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Keywords

Energycrop, Land conversion, Surplus land, Yield improvement

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Citation

Rahman, M M, B.Mostafiz, S, Paatero, J V & Lahdelma, R 2014, ' Extension of energy crops on surplus agricultural lands: A potentially viable option in developing countries while fossil fuel reserves are diminishing ', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 29, pp. 108-119 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.092