Evaluation of concrete frost resistance testing methods
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Journal Title
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Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu |
Master's thesis
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Authors
Date
2024-08-19
Department
Major/Subject
Mcode
Degree programme
Master's Programme in Building Technology (CIV)
Language
en
Pages
70+10
Series
Abstract
The frost resistance of concrete depends on multiple factors, and its accurate quantification can be difficult due multiple possible methods of testing. The objective of this thesis was to survey and evaluate the most popular direct and indirect western frost resistance tests, to compare these tests with each other, and to investigate the effect of supplementary cementitious materials on them. This thesis begins by reviewing the literature on mechanisms of frost damage and the properties affecting frost resistance. Afterwards, different frost resistance testing methods are discussed. Lastly, four different cements, with varying degrees of slag, are tested at water-to-binder ratios of 0.40 and 0.45 in order to evaluate different methods of testing, and the possible influence of slag on the results. The air content was measured with the pressure gauge method and the gravimetric method from fresh concrete, and from hardened concrete with polished section analysis and the pressure saturation test. In addition, a capillary suction test, compressive strength test, and the slab test were done. The results confirmed that slag decreases the surface scaling resistance of concrete and sorptivity. The air content measurements showed loss of entrained air during hardening. A spacing factor below 0.20 mm was found insufficient in guaranteeing satisfactory surface scaling resistance, which might due to the amount of slag in the concrete samples.Description
Supervisor
Punkki, JouniThesis advisor
Ojala, TeemuIqbal, Ahsan
Keywords
concrete, frost resistance, slag, freeze-thaw, indirect testing