Impact of residential heat pumps on consumers' load profiles and electric network operations

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master_Akter_Irin_2025.pdf (1.01 MB)

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School of Electrical Engineering | Master's thesis
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Date

2025-09-26

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Energy Systems and Markets

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Master's Programme in Advanced Energy Solutions

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en

Pages

56

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Abstract

The integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in the electric network is growing to reduce CO₂ emissions. Hence, heating sectors are also trying to give up on fossil fuel by adopting the Electric Heat Pump (EHP), which transfers heat from one surface to another instead of generating it. A Heat Pump (HP) is a bigger load compared to any other loads in a residential network. Therefore, their significantly larger loads can impact network operations in terms of voltage or thermal limits. This study offers a comprehensive classification of HP effect assessment and enhancement approaches, therefore assisting academics and industry professionals in navigating the evolving domain of HPs. This unique approach transcends the theoretical implications of goal functions and HP enhancement strategies to include the actual numerical values of HP across different geographic regions. Consequently, this remarkable blend of several elements of HP promotes a comprehensive understanding of environmentally friendly energy integration. Additionally, HP is compared to different situations/scenarios collected from literature, such as considering Photovoltaics (PV), batteries, and Electric Vehicle (EV) chargers connected in a grid. This study also shows the calculation methods, objectives, limiting factors, efficiency, and Coefficient of Performance (COP) summarized in tables and figures. It is found that the most common limiting factor was transformer overloading due to high HP adoption. The researchers proposed installing PV systems alongside HP in residential houses as a way to decrease the grid's required electricity transmission. Furthermore, the Hosting Capacity (HC) of HP-related research and rural network analysis has been deemed insufficient and requires further inquiry in the future.

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Supervisor

Pourakbari Kasmaei, Mahdi

Thesis advisor

Fatima, Samar

Keywords

heat pump, electric network, energy consumption, heating systems, solar PV, grid impact, electric vehicle, battery, low carbon technology

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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202510208293

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[dipl] Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu / ELEC