Probing lattice dynamics in ST 12 phase germanium nanowires by Raman spectroscopy

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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

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2021-12-06

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en

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7

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Applied Physics Letters, Volume 119, issue 23

Abstract

Germanium (Ge) plays a crucial role in setting up important functionalities for silicon-compatible photonics. Diamond cubic germanium is an extensively studied semiconductor, although its other exotic forms, like BC8, ST8, ST12 phases, may possess distinct electronic properties. We have fabricated stable ST12-Ge nanowires via a self-seeded bottom-up three phase growth in a confined supercritical toluene environment. Here, we report on the direct evidence of the presence of the ST12 phase by a combination of Raman spectroscopy and first-principles calculations using density functional theory (DFT). It is important to remark that the DFT calculation predicts all the Raman active optical phonon modes of the P 4321 structure, and it is in very good agreement with the experimental results. The phonon dynamics as a function of temperature is investigated through Raman measurements at temperatures varying from 80 to 300 K. First-order temperature coefficients for all the observed Raman modes are estimated from the linear temperature dependence of the phonon shifts. A complete set of isobaric Grüneisen parameters is reported for all Raman modes of ST12-Ge nanowire, and the values are lower compared to the same for Si, dc-Ge bulk, and Ge nanowire. These results have important implications for understanding thermal properties of ST12-Ge nanowire.

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The authors acknowledge financial support from Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India (File No. EMR/2017/ 002107). S.B., A.G., and J.D.H. acknowledge Science Foundation Ireland (Grant No. 14/IA/2513). Divya Srivastava would like to acknowledge CSC—the Finnish IT Center for Science for computational resources.

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Raha, S, Srivastava, D, Biswas, S, Garcia-Gil, A, Karttunen, A J, Holmes, J D & Singha, A 2021, ' Probing lattice dynamics in ST 12 phase germanium nanowires by Raman spectroscopy ', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 119, no. 23, 232105 . https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066744