Electric vehicles charging loads in residential areas of private houses

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Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu | Master's thesis

Date

2020-10-19

Department

Major/Subject

Sustainable energy systems and markets

Mcode

ELEC3048

Degree programme

Master's Programme in Advanced Energy Solutions

Language

en

Pages

36+2

Series

Abstract

Number of electric vehicles (EV) is increasing all over the world due to their driving performances and lower environmental impact in comparison with conventional combustion engine cars. Finland, as one of the leading countries in adopting new technologies, is interested in the development of infrastructure for battery electric ve-hicles (BEV) as the number of such automobiles is growing every year. Growth of electric vehicles inevitably causes a growth of energy demand needed for their charging. Talking about privately owned cars, it is important to ensure that their charging at home is possible. That is why it is necessary to estimate if electric grid is able to meet new electricity demands dictated by increased number of EVs. In this work charging loads of electric cars in residential areas of private houses in Finland are studied. Models represent different charging scenarios, uncontrolled and price-optimized, at four power levels – 1.84 kW, 3.68 kW, 11.1 kW, 22.2 kW. Houses were divided into groups of 5, 10, 50 and 100. Main findings indicate that highly coincident fast charging at price-optimized scenario will significantly overload the grid. Poorly dimensioned electric network can suffer even during slow charging. Most of the grid stress in uncontrolled charging happens at the same time with evening peak load of households. Also, according to results of the simulation, slow charging causes the least amount of stress to the grid, while providing enough energy to charge all the cars during night time.

Description

Supervisor

Lehtonen, Matti

Thesis advisor

Lehtonen, Matti

Keywords

electric vehicle, charging, load modelling, private house

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