Photon-assisted tunneling and charge transport in hybrid circuits

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Volume Title
School of Science | Doctoral thesis (article-based) | Defence date: 2020-06-05
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Author
Date
2020
Department
Teknillisen fysiikan laitos
Department of Applied Physics
Major/Subject
Mcode
Degree programme
Language
en
Pages
72 + app. 84
Series
Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS, 81/2020
Abstract
Photonic dissipation and charge sensing are two crucial topics of modern quantum circuit dynamics. Quantum circuits operating at low powers reaching few-photon level require precise control over losses to be a workhorse of quantum information processing. Contrastingly, qubit manipulation demands reliable reset protocols. Although charge sensing is considered as a mature diagnostic device in mesoscopic physics, high-frequency charge pumping requires much more sensitive detectors to reveal faster electron dynamics. In all of the topics discussed in this thesis, a multitude of device materials and parameters are explored, consisting of superconductors, normal metals, insulators, field-induced two-dimensional electron gas conductors, and quantum dots. The variety of the mentioned "components" forms the investigated hybrid nanostructures. In this thesis, the control of the coupling between a superconducting resonator and a dissipative reservoir is investigated. One convenient control method is to employ a normal-metal–insulator–superconductor junction, which functions as a voltage-tunable heat sink that is compatible with superconducting circuit technology. The heat sink is found to modulate the fundamental frequency of a resonator, a signature of a broadband Lamb shift in a microwave circuit. Also, the heat sink can be operated as an accurate thermal microwave source that can be used to calibrate the total gain of an arbitrary amplification chain. Another method, as demonstrated in an experiment, is to couple two resonators capacitively with one of the resonators that was intentionally engineered with a low-quality factor. This highly-dissipative resonator has an integrated magnetic-field-sensitive superconducting quantum interference device that enables the tunability of the resonator natural frequency. Matching the resonances of both resonators then allows to increase the dissipation in the high-quality resonator. This work also investigates electric current metrology realized through semiconductor field-effect transistor quantum dot pumps. In one aspect, we integrated a high-sensitivity superconducting Josephson-junction-based charge sensor with a silicon quantum dot architecture to examine the noise properties of the system. By studying the noise statistics, we are able to determine the dominant noise mechanism surrounding these pumps thus paving the way to the development of better detectors. In another aspect, the portability of a quantum dot single-electron pump is verified, where we have demonstrated that the relative uncertainty of the quantized current created by the same device is within 1.30 ppm regardless of the location of the experiment.
Description
The public defense on 5th June 2020 at 13:00 (1 p.m.) will be organized via remote technology. Link: https://aalto.zoom.us/j/64611149664 Zoom Quick Guide: https://www.aalto.fi/en/services/zoom-quick-guide
Supervising professor
Möttönen, Mikko, Prof, Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Finland
Thesis advisor
Tan, Kuan Yen, Dr., Aalto University, Department of Applied Physics, Finland
Keywords
tunnel junction, single-electron transport, microwave photonics, quantum-circuit refrigerator, quantum dot, charge detection
Other note
Parts
  • [Publication 1]: E. Hyyppä, M. Jenei, S. Masuda, V. Sevriuk, K.Y. Tan, M. Silveri, J. Goetz, M. Partanen, R.E. Lake, L. Grönberg, M. Möttönen. Calibration of cryogenic amplification chains using normal-metal–insulator– superconductor junctions. Applied Physics Letters, 114, 192603, (5 pages). May 2019.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201906203903
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5096262 View at publisher
  • [Publication 2]: M. Silveri, S. Masuda, V. Sevriuk, K.Y. Tan, M. Jenei, E. Hyyppä, F. Hassler, M. Partanen, J. Goetz, R.E. Lake, L. Grönberg, M. Möttönen. Broadband Lamb shift in an engineered quantum system. Nature Physics, 15, 533, (15 pages), June 2019.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201904022483
    DOI: 10.1038/s41567-019-0449-0 View at publisher
  • [Publication 3]: V.A. Sevriuk, K.Y. Tan, E. Hyyppä, M. Silveri, M. Partanen, M. Jenei, S. Masuda, J. Goetz, V. Vesterinen, L. Grönberg, M. Möttönen. Fast control of dissipation in a superconducting resonator. Applied Physics Letters, 115, 082601, (4 pages), July 2019.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201909205335
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5116659 View at publisher
  • [Publication 4]: M. Partanen, K.Y. Tan, S. Masuda, J. Govenius, R.E. Lake, M. Jenei, L. Grönberg, J. Hassel, S. Simbierowicz, V. Vesterinen, J. Tuorila, T. Ala- Nissila, M. Möttönen. Flux-tunable heat sink for quantum electric circuits. Scientific Reports, 8, 6325, (13 pages), April 2018.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-201805222553
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24449-1 View at publisher
  • [Publication 5]: M. Jenei, R. Zhao, K.Y. Tan, T. Tanttu, K.W. Chan, Y. Sun, V. Sevriuk, F. Hudson, A. Rossi, A. Dzurak, M. Möttönen. Superconducting charge sensor coupled to an electron layer in silicon. Submitted to Physical Review Applied, arXiv:1909.11976, (7 pages), September 2019
  • [Publication 6]: M. Jenei, E. Potanina, R. Zhao, K.Y. Tan, A. Rossi, T. Tanttu, K.W. Chan, V. Sevriuk, M. Möttönen, A. Dzurak. Waiting-time distributions in a two-level fluctuator coupled to a superconducting charge detector. Physical Review Research, 1, 033163, (6 pages).
    DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033163 View at publisher
  • [Publication 7]: S. Giblin, E. Mykkänen, A. Kemppinen, P. Immonen, A. Manninen, M. Jenei, M. Möttönen, G. Yamahata, A. Fujiwara, M. Kataoka. Realisation of a quantum current standard at liquid helium temperature with sub-ppm reproducibility. Metrologia, 57, 025013, (13 pages), March 2020.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202004282863
    DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ab72e0 View at publisher
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https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-3899-5
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[diss] Perustieteiden korkeakoulu / SCI