Benefits through Space Heating and Thermal Storage with Demand Response Control for a District-Heated Office Building
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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Date
2023-10
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Mcode
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Language
en
Pages
23
Series
Buildings, Volume 13, issue 10
Abstract
Demand response techniques can be effective at reducing heating costs for building owners. However, few studies have considered the dynamic marginal costs for district heating production and taken advantage of them for building-level demand response. In this study, a district heating network in the Finnish city of Espoo was modeled to define dynamic district heat prices. The benefits of two demand response control approaches for a Finnish office building, the demand response control of space heating and a thermal energy storage tank, were evaluated by comparing them to each other and utilizing them together. A 5 m3 storage tank was installed in a substation of a conventional high-temperature district heating network. A new demand response control strategy was designed to make the most of the storage tank capacity, considering dynamic district heat prices and the maximum allowed return water temperature. The results indicate that the demand response control of space heating and the storage tank cut district heat energy costs by 9.6% and 3.4%, respectively. When employing the two approaches simultaneously, 12.8% savings of district heat energy costs were attained. Additionally, thermal energy storage provides more potential for peak power limiting. The maximum heating power decreases by 43% and the power fee reduces by 41.2%. Therefore, the total cost, including the district heat energy cost and the power fee, can be cut up to 22.4% without compromising thermal comfort and heat supply temperatures to ventilation systems.Description
| openaire: EC/H2020/856602/EU//FINEST TWINS Funding Information: This study is part of FINEST Twins. The FINEST Twins project is funded by the European Union (Horizon 2020 Programme, Grant No. 856602) and the Estonian government. The contributions of Pauli Hiltunen and Sanna Syri are funded by Finnish Academy project ICA-ICT for Climate Action, grant number 342123. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
Keywords
demand response, district heating, thermal energy storage
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Citation
Ju, Y, Hiltunen, P, Jokisalo, J, Kosonen, R & Syri, S 2023, ' Benefits through Space Heating and Thermal Storage with Demand Response Control for a District-Heated Office Building ', Buildings, vol. 13, no. 10, 2670 . https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102670