Optimization of double skin façade by using phase change materials in cold climates

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dc.contributorAalto-yliopistofi
dc.contributorAalto Universityen
dc.contributor.advisorLimnell, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorHaidar, Ghadir
dc.contributor.schoolInsinööritieteiden korkeakoulufi
dc.contributor.supervisorFerrantelli , Andrea
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-25T17:20:44Z
dc.date.available2024-08-25T17:20:44Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-19
dc.description.abstractDouble Skin Façades (DSFs) emerge as advanced façade technology for their ability to enhance thermal insulation and improve thermal comfort. However, DSFs can experience overheating during the day due to high ambient temperature and solar gain. In addition, they may exhibit a lower warming efficiency in mornings, nights, and cold periods. To address these issues, Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are integrated into the façade system to improve its thermal performance and mitigate its challenges. In this study, two types of PCMs, inorganic SP21E and organic RT21HC, are incorporated into the DSF cavity of an office unit in Helsinki, Finland, and then evaluated. A simulation model of the DSF units using the software IDA ICE is developed and validated against the site measurements taken in March 2024, focusing on cavity air temperature, inlet channel air velocity, and indoor air temperature. The potential benefits of the PCMs are studied only through numerical experimentation. The main results show that integrating PCMs with a defined thickness and area reduces cavity air temperature during the day by 14.86% to 27%, based on the PCM type and the quantity used. This keeps the DSF cavity temperature during the day below its peak value (around 34◦C). Regarding heat flux, reductions range from 6.5% to 12% at peak hours. This translates into a decrease of the inner pane surface temperature by 0.8◦C to 1.22◦C. Moreover, The PCM-DSF system prevents the cavity air temperature from dropping below freezing in the morning and at night. Based on the results of the simulations, a quantitative analysis is done to estimate the quantity of PCM encapsulation modules required. Various ventilation strategies are also tested, and a close analysis of the resulting thermal behaviour is performed. The ventilation strategy of the façade, with the proper choice of the PCM, under the dominating environmental factors and façade properties, are the main features to guarantee the efficient performance of the DSF.en
dc.format.extent76 + 2
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.urihttps://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/130188
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:aalto-202408255749
dc.language.isoenen
dc.programmeMaster's Programme in Building Technology (CIV)fi
dc.programme.majorCivil Engineering
dc.subject.keyworddouble skin façadeen
dc.subject.keywordphase change materialsen
dc.subject.keywordcavity air temperatureen
dc.subject.keywordheat fluxen
dc.subject.keywordthermal performanceen
dc.subject.keywordventilation strategyen
dc.titleOptimization of double skin façade by using phase change materials in cold climatesen
dc.typeG2 Pro gradu, diplomityöfi
dc.type.ontasotMaster's thesisen
dc.type.ontasotDiplomityöfi
local.aalto.electroniconlyyes
local.aalto.openaccessyes
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