Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system application for district heating and cooling
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Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu |
Master's thesis
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Author
Date
2018-09-24
Department
Major/Subject
Sustainable Energy in Buildings and Built Environment
Mcode
ENG3068
Degree programme
Master's Programme in Advanced Energy Solutions (AAE)
Language
en
Pages
88+4
Series
Abstract
Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) systems in combination with groundwater heat pumps (GWHP) are promising and effective alternatives for integrated heating and cooling energy supply in buildings and district networks. In the present Thesis ATES systems are presented and addressed from different perspectives, such as their technical rationale, economic feasibility and environmental impact. Groundwater flow and thermal models are developed and calibrated, using a variety of available data sources (National Land Survey of Finland, Finnish Environment Institute) and tools (EXCEL, QGIS, MODFLOW, MT3DMS). Heat pump COP estimation analytical model is also implemented and coupled with the groundwater models. The purpose was to study different energy scenarios for ATES integration within the existing Pukkila's district heating network (Nivos Energia) as well as the long-term environmental flow and thermal impact generated to aquifer groundwater areas. Among the different researched scenarios, the most feasible strategy is to introduce a roughly constant cooling demand (proceeding from e.g. data center or industrial waste heat) in combination with the existing local district heating demand. The introduction of variable cooling demand using standard office simulated data is also modeled, having shown promising results. On the other hand, the "only heating" integration scenario has poor economic results, at least for the assumed present level of boiler's fuel price, and is reasonably feasible only in the case when prices increase. ATES systems are an efficient and a sustainable alternative for traditional fossil fuel boilers due to their capacity to annually store and recover cooling & heating energy from the subsurface. Significant technical and economical improvement could be achieved when simultaneous or seasonable cooling and heating loads are dispatched, within integrated district energy (heating & cooling) networks.Description
Supervisor
Virtanen, MarkkuThesis advisor
Kohonen, ReijoKeywords
ATES aquifer thermal energy storage, DH district heating, DC district cooling, hydrogeology thermogeology, groundwater modeling, MODFLOW MT3DMS
