Large-Eddy simulation of highly under-expanded hydrogen jets using a low dissipative solver

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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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Date

2025-10-27

Department

Department of Energy and Mechanical Engineering

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Mcode

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Language

en

Pages

17

Series

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 182

Abstract

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of H 2 jets is carried out at nozzle pressure ratios 5.8 ≤ NPR ≤ 10. A low-dissipative, localized flux formulation is proposed and validated using 1D–3D reference cases. In the present under-expanded jet studies, the following numerical observations are made. (1) The proposed low-dissipative approach resolves both shocks and turbulence simultaneously. The transition to turbulence is noted to start up to ≈10D earlier for under-expanded jets with low-dissipative approach in comparison to the fully dissipative flux approach. (2) A comparison of H 2, CH 4, and N 2 jets indicates a delayed transition to turbulence for H 2 at NPR = 6.5. (3) At all NPRs, the H 2 jet turbulence transition is delayed, but the transition shifts towards the nozzle when the NPR increases. (4) The normalized peak vorticity (ω zD/U 1) values for Görtler vortices around the barrel shock boundary of H 2 jet is observed to be ≈4 times lower compared to representative CH 4 and N 2 jets. (5) For H 2, Mach disk oscillation is observed and linked to the global POD modes at a Strouhal number range of St≈0.063−0.078.

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Keywords

Hydrogen injection, Low dissipative solver, Mach disk oscillation, OpenFOAM®, Shock sensor, Under-expanded CH4 jet, Under-expanded H2 jets, Under-expanded N2 jet, hydrogen jet dynamics, Under-expanded CH jet, H injection, Under-expanded H jet, Under-expanded N jet

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DOI

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151331

Citation

Ali, H, Vuorinen, V & Rintanen, A 2025, 'Large-Eddy simulation of highly under-expanded hydrogen jets using a low dissipative solver', International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 182, 151331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.151331

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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202510158240

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