Evaluation of Printed Coplanar Capacitive Sensors for Reliable Quantification of Fluids in Adult Diaper

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A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa

Date

2024

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Language

en

Pages

9

Series

MEDICON’23 and CMBEBIH’23 - Proceedings of the Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing MEDICON and International Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering CMBEBIH—Volume 2: Bio-innovations, Sustainable Practices, and Multidisciplinary Applications in Healthcare, pp. 414-422, IFMBE Proceedings ; Volume 94

Abstract

Advancements in printed technology have led to the development of economical and sustainable electronic solutions for wearable medical devices in the healthcare sector. Printed capacitive sensors in planar geometry are widely used in the development of smart diapers for detecting urination events, quantifying detection, and quantifying voided volumes. However, factors such as the effect of sodium electrolyte variation, body weight effect on a wet diaper and gravitational effect on wet diapers impair the quantification of voided volume with capacitive sensors. In this study, a printed capacitive sensor for quantifying human body fluids in adult diaper was evaluated to analyze these effects. Silver and carbon inks were used to print the parallel-plate capacitive electrodes on a flexible substrate in a coplanar geometry. In-diaper quantification measurements were performed at various concentration levels in pseudo urine with small incremental levels at the adult human urination flow rate. The impact of human body weight on quantification measurements using a wet diaper was studied. The gravitational pull effect of wetness was evaluated for on-human-torso use in both standing and lying positions. It was observed that a printed coplanar capacitive sensor alone is insufficient to reliably quantify the voided volume in diapers.

Description

Funding Information: Technical assistance towards the printed sensors from Olli Halonen, Kim Eiroma, Mika Suhonen, Tapio Mäkelä, and Asta Pesonen is gratefully acknowledged. The research work is executed under the Urisens project funded by Business Finland (grant agreement number 1696/31/2022) and the EHIR project funded by the Academy of Finland. Publisher Copyright: © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords

Capacitive sensors, Printed electronics, Printed sensors, Smart diapers, Sodium concentration, Voided volume quantification, Wearable medical devices

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Citation

Tanweer, M, Gillan, L, Sepponen, R, Tanzer, I O & Halonen, K A 2024, Evaluation of Printed Coplanar Capacitive Sensors for Reliable Quantification of Fluids in Adult Diaper . in A Badnjević & L Gurbeta Pokvić (eds), MEDICON’23 and CMBEBIH’23 - Proceedings of the Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing MEDICON and International Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering CMBEBIH—Volume 2 : Bio-innovations, Sustainable Practices, and Multidisciplinary Applications in Healthcare . IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 94, Springer, pp. 414-422, Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing & International Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 14/09/2023 . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49068-2_42