Digital Polar Transmitters for Massive MIMO: Sum-Rate and Power Efficiency Analysis

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Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Date

2024-01-01

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Mcode

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en

Pages

17
789-805

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Volume 23, issue 1

Abstract

In this article, we comprehensively investigate the potential of the digital polar radio transmitter architecture for multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) downlink system. In terms of throughput performance, we derive a lower bound for the average sum-rate achievable with Gaussian signaling inputs and zero-forcing (ZF) precoding based on Bussgang decomposition. By diagonal approximation, we derive an approximate, yet accurate, model for the distortion caused by uniform polar quantization, which can be used to evaluate the corresponding sum-rate in closed form. To assess the power efficiency, we provide power consumption models with realistic parameters and values for the quantized polar and Cartesian transmitters, based on state-of-the-art integrated circuit (IC) designs and measurements. Extensive numerical results demonstrate that the proposed quantized polar transmitter can enable excellent performance in terms of average sum-rate, symbol error rate (SER), and out-of-band (OOB) emission level, compared to the Cartesian architecture. Furthermore, the power consumption comparisons show that the digital polar transmitter can save more than 36% in the energy consumption under 64-antenna setting in typical 5G enhanced mobile broadband use cases, thus making it highly appealing for future power-efficient massive MIMO transmitter implementations.

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Keywords

5G, Computer architecture, digital polar transmitter, Massive MIMO, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), phase modulator, Power demand, power efficiency, Precoding, Quantization (signal), Radio transmitters, radio transmitters, Signal processing algorithms, sum-rate, zero-forcing (ZF) precoding

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Citation

Xu, G, Lampu, V, Kosunen, M, Unnikrishnan, V, Ryynanen, J, Valkama, M & Anttila, L 2024, ' Digital Polar Transmitters for Massive MIMO: Sum-Rate and Power Efficiency Analysis ', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 789-805 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2023.3282158