Defect identification in semiconductors with positron annihilation: Experiment and theory

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© 2013 American Physical Society (APS). This is the accepted version of the following article: Tuomisto, Filip & Makkonen, Ilja. 2013. Defect identification in semiconductors with positron annihilation: Experiment and theory. Reviews of Modern Physics. Volume 85, Issue 4. 1583-1631. ISSN 0034-6861 (printed). DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.85.1583, which has been published in final form at http://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1583.

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Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

School of Science | A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Date

2013

Major/Subject

Mcode

Degree programme

Language

en

Pages

1583-1631

Series

Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 85, Issue 4

Abstract

Positron annihilation spectroscopy is particularly suitable for studying vacancy-type defects in semiconductors. Combining state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical methods allows for detailed identification of the defects and their chemical surroundings. Also charge states and defect levels in the band gap are accessible. In this review the main experimental and theoretical analysis techniques are described. The usage of these methods is illustrated through examples in technologically important elemental and compound semiconductors. Future challenges include the analysis of noncrystalline materials and of transient defect-related phenomena.

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Keywords

positron annihilation spectroscopy, semiconductors, point defects

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Citation

Tuomisto, Filip & Makkonen, Ilja. 2013. Defect identification in semiconductors with positron annihilation: Experiment and theory. Reviews of Modern Physics. Volume 85, Issue 4. 1583-1631. ISSN 0034-6861 (printed). DOI: 10.1103/revmodphys.85.1583.