Integrated RF Transmitter Front-End for Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna Clusters

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Volume Title

School of Electrical Engineering | Doctoral thesis (article-based) | Defence date: 2022-02-04

Date

2022

Major/Subject

Mcode

Degree programme

Language

en

Pages

98 + app. 46

Series

Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL THESES, 6/2022

Abstract

During recent years, the next generation integrated RF transceivers have continuously come up with stringent user demands and related arduous design challenges. The major requirements of wideband spectrum coverage and higher data rates have been achieved with frequency agile multiantenna systems. However, the system complexity that has resulted from such systems has created challenges for the interfacing hardware community: RF integrated circuit (IC) design in search of compact and efficient on-chip solutions needed to drive multiantenna systems. This dissertation presents advances related to an RF transmitter front-end for the sub-6 GHz and Ka-band, with special focus on the driving and tuning of frequency reconfigurable antenna clusters. Specifically, this work addresses the antenna cluster tuning concept from the implementation perspective, and provides an integrated transmitter front-end design which can tune the antenna cluster frequency response with only weighted signal generation. This unique concept developed at Aalto University, eliminates the required on-chip/off-chip matching components residing at the transmitter and antenna interface. The research work is demonstrated with one transmitter IC implementation and five peer-reviewed scientific publications. In the context of integrated transmitter front-end design, this thesis focuses on the replacement of typical tuning solutions based on discrete electronics for frequency-agile antenna. The antenna prototypes used in this work have been provided by the Radio group at Aalto University, Finland. The transmitter IC fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS technology, provides a robust on-chip weighted signal generation for two antenna prototypes: Firstly, the prototype demonstration in an anechoic chamber has validated the antenna tuning concept with a four-monopole cluster driven with the transmitter IC. This prototype provides antenna cluster tuning of across a wideband from 1. 5 GHz to 5 GHz without using any tuning components. Afterwards, the experimental verification was extended to investigate a modulated signal transmission feature. Also, the design optimization case study is presented from a scaling perspective which also addresses the challenges at the TX and antenna interface. Finally, the same transmitter IC verified the operation of another antenna cluster prototype consisting of 8 elements operating as an MIMO for the first time from the 0.5 GHz to 4.5 GHz spectrum along with an envelope correlation coefficient residing below 0.4. The second transmitter front-end study has been conducted for Ka-band (26.5 GHz- 40 GHz applications where the switched-mode power amplifier topology named switched-capacitor power amplifier topology operation is analyzed and studied for the first time. In particular, the operation at 30 GHz reveals that the simulation with foundry device models can provide an output power of 18.6 dBm with a drain efficiency of 20%, and the OFDM-modulated signals of bandwidth 100 MHz and 400 MHz result into adjacent channel leakage ratio of -34.4 dB and -32.8 dB respectively.  

Description

Defence is held on 4.2.2022 14:00 – 17:00 https://aalto.zoom.us/j/64714951365

Supervising professor

Ryynänen, Jussi, Prof., Aalto University, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Finland

Thesis advisor

Stadius, Kari, Dr., Aalto University, Finland

Keywords

RF, transmitter, multiport antenna, frequency reconfigurable antenna, antenna cluster, MIMO antenna

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Parts

  • [Publication 1]: Ali Raza Saleem, Kari Stadius, Jari-Matti Hannula, Anu Lehtovuori, Marko Kosunen, Ville Viikari and Jussi Ryynänen. A 1.5–5-GHz Integrated RF Transmitter Front End for Active Matching of an Antenna Cluster. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques , vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 4728–4739, November 2020.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202010025778
    DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2020.3019005 View at publisher
  • [Publication 2]: Ali Raza Saleem, Kari Stadius, Jari-Matti Hannula, Anu Lehtovuori, Marko Kosunen, Ville Viikari and Jussi Ryynänen. Characterization of an Antenna Cluster and Transmitter IC with a Modulated Signal. In the Proceedings of the IEEE International Microwave Symposium, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 3 pages, 7-10 June 2021.
    DOI: 10.1109/IMS19712.2021.9574984 View at publisher
  • [Publication 3]: Ali Raza Saleem, Kari Stadius, Jari-Matti Hannula, Anu Lehtovuori, Marko Kosunen, Ville Viikari and Jussi Ryynänen. A Transmitter IC with Supply Tuning for Frequency-Reconfigurable Antenna Cluster. In the Proceedings of the IEEE 64th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), Lansing, Michigan, USA, 5 pages, 9-11 August 2021.
    DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS47672.2021.9531870 View at publisher
  • [Publication 4]: Ali Raza Saleem, Rasmus Luomaniemi, Anu Lehtovuori, Kari Stadius, Marko Kosunen, Ville Viikari and Jussi Ryynänen. A Frequency Tunable MIMO Antenna Cluster with Transmitter IC. In the Proceedings of the 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) (EuCAP 2021), Düsseldorf, Germany, 5 pages, March 2021.
    DOI: 10.23919/EuCAP51087.2021.9411090 View at publisher
  • [Publication 5]: Ali Raza Saleem, Kari Stadius, Marko Kosunen, Lauri Anttila, Mikko Valkama, and Jussi Ryynänen. A 30-GHz Switched-Capacitor Power Amplifier for 5G SoCs. In the Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS), Glasgow, UK, 4 pages, November 2020.
    Full text in Acris/Aaltodoc: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202102021868
    DOI: 10.1109/ICECS49266.2020.9294879 View at publisher

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