Sub-100-fs deep-red mode-locked fiber laser for multicolor two-photon microscopy
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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Advanced Photonics, Volume 7, issue 4
Abstract
Visible femtosecond lasers, especially within the deep-red wavelengths, are critical for applications such as bioimaging, biomedicine, and material processing. Traditional visible ultrafast lasers, such as Ti:sapphire lasers or nonlinear frequency-converted lasers, face limitations in size, cost, stability, and efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a Pr3+-doped mode-locked fiber laser (MLFL), directly generating sub-100-fs pulses at deep-red wavelength. This approach involves theoretical optimization and experimental validation using a ring cavity with Pr3+:ZBLAN fiber and nonlinear polarization rotation. The resulting ultrafast laser operates at 716.6 nm, delivering pulses with an 1/413-nm bandwidth and 83-fs duration at an 1/473.7-MHz repetition rate. To showcase the feasibility of this 717-nm MLFL for practical applications, two-photon microscopy is demonstrated with outstanding and unique performance regarding the simultaneous multicolor excitation of blue, green, and red dyes, enhanced resolution by 33%, and approximately four times higher excitation efficiency, compared with the conventional excitation wavelength at 1/41064 nm. These advantages confirm its versatility and reliability in biophotonic imaging. Our findings pave the way for compact, efficient sub-100-fs visible fiber lasers for multicolor bioimaging applications.Description
Publisher Copyright: © The Authors. Published by SPIE and CLP under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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Zou, J, He, H, Song, L, Huang, L, Lan, J, Lan, L, Chen, T, Kong, C, Sun, Z & Luo, Z 2025, 'Sub-100-fs deep-red mode-locked fiber laser for multicolor two-photon microscopy', Advanced Photonics, vol. 7, no. 4, 046009. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.7.4.046009