Ferrofluid-Based Bioink for 3D Printed Skeletal Muscle Tissues with Enhanced Force and Magnetic Response

Loading...
Thumbnail Image

Access rights

openAccess
CC BY
publishedVersion

URL

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Major/Subject

Mcode

Degree programme

Language

en

Pages

12

Series

Advanced Materials Interfaces, Volume 12, issue 13, pp. 1-12

Abstract

3D printing has emerged as a transformative technology in several manufacturing processes, being of particular interest in biomedical research for allowing the creation of 3D structures that mimic native tissues. The process of tissue 3D printing entails the construction of functional, 3D tissue structures. In this article, the integration of ferrofluid consisting of iron oxide nanoparticles into muscle cell-laden bioink is presented to obtain a 3D printed magnetically responsive muscle tissue, i.e., the ferromuscle. Using extrusion-based methods, the seamless integration of biocompatible ferrofluids are achieved to cell-laden hydrogels. The resulting ferromuscle tissue exhibits improved tissue differentiation demonstrated by the increased force output upon electrical stimulation compared to muscle tissue prepared without ferrofluid. Moreover, the magnetic component originating from the iron oxide nanoparticles allows magnetic guidance, as well as good cytocompatibility and biodegradability in cell culture. These findings offer a new versatile fabrication approach to integrate magnetic components into living constructs, with potential applications as bioactuators and for future integration in smart, functional muscle implants.

Description

Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Materials Interfaces published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Other note

Citation

Fuentes, J, Guix, M, Cenev, Z M, Bakenecker, A C, Ruiz-González, N, Beaune, G, Timonen, J V I, Sanchez, S & Magdanz, V 2025, 'Ferrofluid-Based Bioink for 3D Printed Skeletal Muscle Tissues with Enhanced Force and Magnetic Response', Advanced Materials Interfaces, vol. 12, no. 13, 2400824, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400824