From elasticity tetrads to rectangular vielbein
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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2022-12
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en
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8
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ANNALS OF PHYSICS, articlenumber 168998
Abstract
The paper is devoted to the memory of Igor E. Dzyaloshinsky. In our common paper Dzyaloshinskii and Volovick (1980), we discussed the elasticity theory described in terms of the gravitational field variables — the elasticity vielbein Eμa. They come from the phase fields, which describe the deformations of crystal planes. The important property of the elasticity vielbein Eμa is that in general they are not the square matrices. While the spacetime index μ takes the values μ=(0,1,2,3), in crystals the index a=(1,2,3), in vortex lattices a=(1,2), and in smectic liquid crystals there is only one phase field, a=1. These phase fields can be considered as the spin gauge fields, which are similar to the gauge fields in Standard Model (SM) or in Grand Unification (GUT). On the other hand, the rectangular vielbein eaμ may emerge in the vicinity of Dirac points in Dirac materials. In particular, in the planar phase of the spin–triplet superfluid 3He the spacetime index μ=(0,1,2,3), while the spin index a takes values a=(0,1,2,3,4). Although these (4×5) vielbein describing the Dirac fermions are rectangular, the effective metric gμν of Dirac quasiparticles remains (3+1)-dimensional. All this suggests the possible extension of the Einstein–Cartan gravity by introducing the rectangular vielbein, where the spin fields belong to the higher groups, which may include SM or even GUT groups.Description
| openaire: EC/H2020/694248/EU//TOPVAC Funding Information: I thank Jaakko Nissinen for discussions. This work has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 694248). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Keywords
Dirac fermions, Einstein–Cartan gravity, Elasticity theory, Superfluid He, Tetrad, Vielbein
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Citation
Volovik, G E 2022, ' From elasticity tetrads to rectangular vielbein ', Annals of Physics, vol. 447, 168998 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2022.168998
