A Fully Integrated Programmable 6.0-8.5-GHz UWB IR Transmitter Front-End for Energy-Harvesting Devices

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openAccess

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Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Date

2020-07

Department

Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering

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Mcode

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Language

en

Pages

1922-1934

Series

IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Volume 55, issue 7

Abstract

Ultra-wideband impulse radio transceivers are becoming a key building block for establishing ultralow power wireless sensor networks. However, impulse radio transmitters commonly suffer from a low spectral quality and a coarse frequency tuning resolution, which limits their global applicability. In this article, we present a fully integrated ultralow power impulse radio transmitter front-end (TFE) whose pulse shaping capabilities and integrated output matching network make it globally applicable up to a 4-MHz pulse repetition rate. We demonstrate a digital carrier frequency-tuning method that achieves a 28-MHz resolution over the frequency band of 6.0-8.5 GHz. In addition, we show that the temperature dependence of the TFE's carrier frequency can be compensated digitally over the industrial temperature range from -40°C to 85 °C. The proposed TFE supports energy-harvesting applications particularly well due to its low leakage power level of 380 nW and a high tolerance to power supply transients during pulse generation. It is demonstrated to operate robustly with low-drive regulators powered by low-quality sources. The TFE is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process. It generates 1.8-pJ pulses at a 7.5-GHz carrier frequency while consuming 63 pJ per pulse, corresponding to 2.3% efficiency.

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Keywords

energy harvesting, impulse radio, transmitter front-end, ultralow power, ultra-wideband (UWB)

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Citation

Haapala, T, Rantataro, T & Halonen, K 2020, ' A Fully Integrated Programmable 6.0-8.5-GHz UWB IR Transmitter Front-End for Energy-Harvesting Devices ', IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 55, no. 7, 9082107, pp. 1922-1934 . https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2020.2987734