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Effect of Temperature Ramp in Rapid Folding of 3D DNA Origami Structures
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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en
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Small Structures
Abstract
DNA origami (DO) has emerged as a powerful technique for constructing nanoscale structures and devices. However, conventional folding protocols for complex 3D DO structures are slow, typically requiring 24 h or longer, limiting scalability for practical applications. Here, we investigate the role of the temperature ramp in DO folding and propose a modified protocol that confines annealing to a 60°C–40°C window. Using four distinct designs, a 20-helix square box, a 24-helix bundle, a 13-helix ring, and a switchable cross structure, we evaluate folding yield, structural uniformity, and functional performance across a range of folding times and buffer conditions. We find that folding occurs rapidly within the 60°C–40°C window, with over 85% of the yield of the conventional 30 h protocol achieved within 1–3 h. Functional switching of the cross structure is retained even in samples folded in 30 min. For aggregation-prone structures, such as the 13-ring, the shorter ramp reduces multimer formation and improves the usable yield compared to prolonged folding. These findings confirm the critical influence of the temperature ramp in DO assembly and provide a broadly applicable protocol for faster folding, with potential impact in rapid prototyping, screening, and applications such as plasmonics, sensing, lithography, and metamaterials.
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| openaire: EC/HE/101045516/EU//EDRIVE
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Dey, A, Al Hussain, M M A, Pham, X H, Loo, J, Natarajan, A K & Kuzyk, A 2025, 'Effect of Temperature Ramp in Rapid Folding of 3D DNA Origami Structures', Small Structures. https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202500682