Time-in-therapeutic-range defined warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation : a Nationwide Cohort Study

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Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Date

2024-06-14

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Language

en

Pages

12

Series

Annals of Medicine, Volume 56, issue 1, pp. 1-12

Abstract

Background: Little is known how individual time-in-therapeutic-range (TTR) impacts the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy compared to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of standard dose DOACs to warfarin in patients with AF, while categorizing warfarin treated patients into quartiles based on their individual TTR. Materials and methods: We conducted a nationwide study including all patients with new-onset AF between 2011 and 2018 in Finland. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox regression analysis with the inverse probability of treatment weighted method to assess the risks of ischaemic stroke (IS), intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and mortality for users of apixaban (n = 12,426), dabigatran (n = 4545), rivaroxaban (n = 12,950) and warfarin (n = 43,548). Results: The median TTR for warfarin users was 72%. Compared to the second best TTR quartile (reference), the risk of IS was higher in the two poorest TTR quartiles, and lower in the best TTR quartile and on rivaroxaban [2.35 (95% confidence interval, 1.85–2.85), 1.44 (1.18–1.75), 0.60 (0.47–0.77) and 0.72 (0.56–0.92)]. These differences were non-significant for apixaban and dabigatran. HR of ICH was 6.38 (4.88–8.35) and 1.87 (1.41–2.49) in the two poorest TTR groups, 1.44 (1.02–1.93) on rivaroxaban, and 0.58 (0.40–0.85) in the best TTR group compared to the reference group. Mortality was higher in the two poorest TTR groups and lowest in the best TTR group. Conclusions: The outcome was unsatisfactory in the two lowest TTR quartiles–in half of the patients treated with warfarin. The differences between the high TTR groups and standard dose DOACs were absent or modest.

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Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords

Atrial fibrillation, direct oral anticoagulant, oral anticoagulation, real world data, stroke, warfarin

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Citation

On behalf of the FinACAF Study Group 2024, ' Time-in-therapeutic-range defined warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation : a Nationwide Cohort Study ', Annals of Medicine, vol. 56, no. 1, 2364825, pp. 1-12 . https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2024.2364825