Flexibility of Electric Vehicle Charging with Demand Response and Vehicle-To-Grid for Power System Benefit

dc.contributorAalto-yliopistofi
dc.contributorAalto Universityen
dc.contributor.authorJokinen, Ilkka
dc.contributor.authorLehtonen, Matti
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Automationen
dc.contributor.groupauthorPower Systems and High Voltage Engineeringen
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-02T06:48:02Z
dc.date.available2024-10-02T06:48:02Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2013 IEEE.
dc.description.abstractAs charging load from electric vehicles (EVs) increases, its temporal demand may challenge existing power systems. However, as EVs could also supply power to the grid, they could provide benefits for the power systems. Moreover, by controlling the charging, they could reduce their charging costs. Thus, in this study the flexibility of EV charging load within charging events was modeled, considering available charging power, ambient temperature, and unidirectional and bidirectional controlled charging. Then, the charging flexibility was first analyzed by minimizing the charging costs for individual EVs. The results showed that with high electricity market prices, with high fluctuation, the EVs could reduce their charging costs up to 27% and 35%, with unidirectional and bidirectional controlled charging respectively, compared to uncontrolled charging. Secondly, the EV charging flexibility was analyzed for the benefit of the power system by an aggregator, assuming a fully electrified car sector. The benefit was measured by the required additional power source capacity and generation. During the analyzed period, 2018-2023 which peak load was 14.7 GW, with uncontrolled charging, the required power source capacity increased significantly, by 2-2.8 GW (40-54%), whereas with controlled unidirectional charging the increase was 0.3-0.8 GW (7-15%), and with bidirectional charging the capacity was the same as without EVs, or slightly less (-11-1%). However, the yearly differences were notable, and during 2020, with bidirectional charging, this capacity increased. The required power source generation was greatly affected by the assumed power generation capacities, and was lower with controlled charging, compared to uncontrolled charging.en
dc.description.versionPeer revieweden
dc.format.extent23
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationJokinen, I & Lehtonen, M 2024, ' Flexibility of Electric Vehicle Charging with Demand Response and Vehicle-To-Grid for Power System Benefit ', IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 131419-131441 . https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3459053en
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3459053
dc.identifier.issn2169-3536
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: c19454e1-f2b3-4f6b-ade4-f43321782c0c
dc.identifier.otherPURE ITEMURL: https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/c19454e1-f2b3-4f6b-ade4-f43321782c0c
dc.identifier.otherPURE LINK: http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85204170165&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.identifier.otherPURE FILEURL: https://research.aalto.fi/files/160213972/Flexibility_of_Electric_Vehicle_Charging_With_Demand_Response_and_Vehicle-to-Grid_for_Power_System_Benefit.pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/131075
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:aalto-202410026615
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherIEEE
dc.relation.ispartofseriesIEEE Access
dc.relation.ispartofseriesVolume 12, pp. 131419-131441
dc.rightsopenAccessen
dc.subject.keywordDemand response
dc.subject.keywordElectric vehicle
dc.subject.keywordPower system flexibility
dc.subject.keywordRenewable energy generation
dc.subject.keywordVehicle-To-grid
dc.titleFlexibility of Electric Vehicle Charging with Demand Response and Vehicle-To-Grid for Power System Benefiten
dc.typeA1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessäfi
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion

Files