A Study of LDL Aggregation and its Correlation with the LDL Lipidome and Clinical Data in Bariatric Surgery Patients

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Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Perustieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis

Date

2019-10-21

Department

Major/Subject

Data Science

Mcode

SCI3095

Degree programme

Master's Programme in ICT Innovation

Language

en

Pages

88

Series

Abstract

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), is one of the leading causes of death in the world. A consensus has been reached that the main cause of ASCVD are low-density lipoproteins (LDL). ASCVD develops in the innermost layer of the coronary artery wall (intima). Once LDL particles enter the wall, they are retained, modified, and accumulate there. There are several well-known risk factors of ASCVD, among which obesity, smoking, hypertension and LDL cholesterol concentration in the plasma. A novel approach to assessing the risk of ASCVD however suggests that not only the concentration, but also the susceptibility of LDL particles to aggregate plays a role in ASCVD. This makes investigating LDL aggregation particularly important. This thesis studies LDL aggregation of one particular cohort - obese people who underwent bariatric surgery, a standard weight-loss procedure. The goal of the thesis is to investigate whether bariatric surgery affects LDL aggregation, the structure of LDL, and clinical parameters of the patients. In addition, it aims to establish whether LDL aggregation in bariatric surgery patients is correlated with the structure of LDL and selected clinical parameters. The thesis is thus built upon four main points. First, it focuses on creating a nonlinear mixed-effects model of LDL aggregation and obtaining a single quantitative measure for it. Second, it investigates whether there is a significant difference in LDL aggregation in patients before and after bariatric surgery. Third, it studies correlations of LDL aggregation and the core and surface lipids, contained in LDL, known as the \textit{LDL lipidome}, as well as clinical data of the patients. Fourth, it investigates whether there is a significant difference in the LDL lipidome lipids and clinical parameters in the patients before and after the operation. The results indicate that bariatric surgery does not appear to affect LDL aggregation. However, it appears to affect the surface structure of LDL. In addition, patients exhibit improvement of blood pressure, glucose levels, as well as BMI, after the operation.

Description

Supervisor

Leskelä, Lasse

Thesis advisor

Pirinen, Matti

Keywords

LDL, aggregation, bayesian, mixed-effects, bariatric, model

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