Submillimeter-wave cornea phantom sensing over an extended depth of field with an axicon-generated Bessel beam

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Journal Title

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Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Authors

Baggio, Mariangela
Tamminen, Aleksi
Lamberg, Joel
Grigorev, Roman
Palli, Samu Ville
Ala-Laurinaho, Juha
Nefedova, Irina
Bourges, Jean Louis
Deng, Sophie X.
Brown, Elliott R.

Date

2023-03

Department

Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering

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Mcode

Degree programme

Language

en

Pages

14

Series

IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, Volume 13, issue 2, pp. 132-144

Abstract

The feasibility of a 220 - 330 GHz zero order axicon generated Bessel beam for corneal water content was explored. Simulation and experimental data from the 25-degree cone angle hyperbolic-axicon lens illuminating metallic spherical targets demonstrate a monotonically decreasing, band integrated, backscatter intensity for increasing radius of curvature from 7 – 11 mm, when lens reflector and optical axis are aligned. Further, for radii > = 9.5 mm, maximum signal was obtained with a 1 mm transverse displacement between lens and reflector optical axes arising from spatial correlation between main lobe and out of phase side lobes. Thickness and permittivity parameter estimation experiments were performed on an 8 mm radius of curvature, 1 mm thick fused quartz dome over a 10 mm axial span. Extracted thickness and permittivity varied by less than ∼ 25 μm and 0.2 respectively after correction for superluminal velocity. Estimated water permittivity and thickness of water backed gelatin phantoms showed significantly more variation due to a time varying radius of curvature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that describes axicon generated Bessel beam measurements of layered spheres with varying radii of curvature, in the submillimeter range.

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Publisher Copyright: Author

Keywords

axicon lens, axicon-generated Bessel beams, Corneal phantom, Lenses, Mathematical models, Optical imaging, Optical reflection, optical-coherence tomography, Permittivity, Phantoms, Ray tracing, submillimeter-wave spectroscopy

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Citation

Baggio, M, Tamminen, A, Lamberg, J, Grigorev, R, Palli, S V, Ala-Laurinaho, J, Nefedova, I, Bourges, J L, Deng, S X, Brown, E R, Wallace, V P & Taylor, Z D 2023, ' Submillimeter-wave cornea phantom sensing over an extended depth of field with an axicon-generated Bessel beam ', IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 132-144 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2022.3221367