Production of lignin based spherical carbon particles for electrochemical energy storage

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master_Pauls_Glen_2023.pdf (3.61 MB)

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Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
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Date

2023-08-22

Department

Major/Subject

Materials and Biopolymers

Mcode

CHEM3057

Degree programme

Master's Programme in Biological and Chemical Engineering for a Sustainable Bioeconomy

Language

en

Pages

53+20

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Abstract

This thesis explores lignin-based hard carbons and addresses the challenge of morphology retention during thermal treatment. The study investigates the pyrolytic behaviour of lignin and its conversion into hard carbons, aiming to understand the mechanisms and factors influencing their formation. Special attention is given to evaluating the performance of specially engineered kraft lignin micro particles (referred to as KLMP) compared to commercially available kraft lignin extracted through the LignoBoost® process (referred to as LB) as battery anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The results emphasize the challenge of maintaining the morphology of lignin, which typically softens, melts, and foams, as observed in LB. However, in contrast, the findings demonstrate the remarkable ability of KLMP to preserve the morphology effectively, showcasing its superior performance compared to LB. The thesis employs a range of characterization techniques to thoroughly analyse the structural, morphological, and chemical transformations occurring during lignin conversion. Additionally, it comprehensively examines the thermal behaviour of lignin and evaluates the electrochemical performance of the resulting carbonized samples. These valuable findings significantly contribute to the advancement of lignin-based hard carbons as sustainable and high-performance materials for electro-chemical energy storage applications.

Description

Supervisor

Vapaavuori, Jaana

Thesis advisor

Guizani, Chamseddine

Keywords

lignin, hard carbons, spherical lignin particles, lithium-ion batteries, carbonization

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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202309105768

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[dipl] Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu / CHEM