Evidence of 4He crystallization via quantum tunneling at mK temperatures

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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

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en

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4

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Physical Review Letters, Volume 77, issue 12, pp. 2514-2517

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We have investigated creation of 4He crystals from the superfluid phase at the temperature range 2mK-1.0K. Statistical nucleation-event distributions in overpressure were found to be broad, asymmetric, and temperature independent below 100 mK. Our statistical analysis agrees with a theoretical model suggesting that solid formation is driven by macroscopical quantum-mechanical fluctuations from a seed preexisting in a cavity on the wall.

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Ruutu, J P, Hakonen, P J, Penttilä, J S, Babkin, A V, Saramäki, J P & Sonin, E B 1996, 'Evidence of 4 He crystallization via quantum tunneling at mK temperatures', Physical Review Letters, vol. 77, no. 12, pp. 2514-2517. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2514