Importance of trade dependencies for agricultural inputs : a case study of Finland

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dc.contributorAalto-yliopistofi
dc.contributorAalto Universityen
dc.contributor.authorLehikoinen, Elinaen_US
dc.contributor.authorKinnunen, Pekkaen_US
dc.contributor.authorPiipponen, Johannesen_US
dc.contributor.authorHeslin, Alisonen_US
dc.contributor.authorPuma, Michael J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKummu, Mattien_US
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Built Environmenten
dc.contributor.groupauthorWater and Environmental Eng.en
dc.contributor.organizationColumbia Universityen_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-01T13:05:48Z
dc.date.available2021-07-01T13:05:48Z
dc.date.issued2021-06-01en_US
dc.description| openaire: EC/H2020/819202/EU//SOS.aquaterra
dc.description.abstractApproximately 80% of the world's population lives in countries that are dependent on food imports to sustain an adequate food supply. Besides these food imports, further dependencies also arise due to the requirements for agricultural inputs, including energy, fertilisers, feed and agricultural machinery. While the trade of agricultural inputs is relatively well represented in economic analysis, the quantification is often in terms of monetary values, and thus the assessments of the actual input quantities are very limited. In this paper, we develop a framework for analysis of the traded input quantities at the country-level and demonstrate its utility through an in-depth analysis of Finland's dependency on agricultural inputs. Further, we assess the importance of these inputs for domestic food production from a resilience perspective. We find that Finland, a country with relatively high food self-sufficiency but also a great dependency on imported agricultural inputs, experienced an increase in its dependency over the period 1996-2016. In case of trading partners, the story is more mixed: while trading partners for soybeans increased, those decreased in case of electricity while no significant change was observed in other commodities. In Finland, the rapeseed dependency on imports (ratio of net imports and consumption) grew from around 0% to almost 50% between the years 1987-2013. Changes for electricity remained substantially smaller, with dependency only slightly growing during the study period. Crude oil and soybean supplies are totally dependent on imports as neither is produced in Finland. Interestingly, the highest dependencies for agricultural inputs were on different countries than that for foodstuff imports. Thus, when identifying and assessing approaches to increase resilience to trade-related shocks, it is essential to understand both foodstuff and agricultural input dependencies within the global food system.en
dc.description.versionPeer revieweden
dc.format.extent12
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen_US
dc.identifier.citationLehikoinen, E, Kinnunen, P, Piipponen, J, Heslin, A, Puma, M J & Kummu, M 2021, ' Importance of trade dependencies for agricultural inputs : a case study of Finland ', Environmental Research Communications, vol. 3, no. 6, 061003 . https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac02d0en
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/2515-7620/ac02d0en_US
dc.identifier.issn2515-7620
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 2b73172a-7d5a-49a9-867a-0c7a2e5d6e28en_US
dc.identifier.otherPURE ITEMURL: https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/2b73172a-7d5a-49a9-867a-0c7a2e5d6e28en_US
dc.identifier.otherPURE FILEURL: https://research.aalto.fi/files/65322207/Lehikoinen_2021_Environ._Res._Commun._3_061003.pdfen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/108580
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:aalto-202107017834
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherIOP Publishing Ltd.
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/819202/EU//SOS.aquaterraen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEnvironmental research communicationsen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesVolume 3, issue 6en
dc.rightsopenAccessen
dc.subject.keywordagricultural inputsen_US
dc.subject.keywordinternational tradeen_US
dc.subject.keywordresilienceen_US
dc.subject.keywordtrade dependencyen_US
dc.subject.keywordFOOD SECURITYen_US
dc.subject.keywordRESILIENCEen_US
dc.titleImportance of trade dependencies for agricultural inputs : a case study of Finlanden
dc.typeA1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessäfi
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion
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