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Understanding sulfonated kraft lignin re-polymerization by ultrafast reactions in supercritical water
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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en
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11
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Journal of Supercritical Fluids, Volume 191
Abstract
Re-polymerization reactions are a commonly reported issue on the way to the higher recovery of monomers from lignin. The reactivity of monomers obtained from lignin depolymerization and their contribution to the re-polymerization in supercritical water (SCW) was investigated. Sulfonated Kraft lignin (SKL) was used along with four monomers: vanillin, vanillic acid, vanillyl alcohol and acetovanillone. Indulin Kraft lignin was also employed as the reference to understand the re-polymerization of SKL in SCW. The formation of diarylmethane structures was detected in HSQC spectra of solid residue after the SCW process. Lignin released fragments with free phenolic β-O-4 structures, as well as the monomeric product vanillyl alcohol are involved with the formation of o-o´ and o-p ´ diarylmethane structures. Chemical structure of Kraft lignin and its polymeric product after the SCW process was remarkably similar, as shown by HSQC, indicating that re-polymerization reactions occur through cross-linking polymerization, mainly in their fractions of low molecular weight products.
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Adamovic, T, Zhu, X, Perez, E, Balakshin, M & Cocero, M J 2022, 'Understanding sulfonated kraft lignin re-polymerization by ultrafast reactions in supercritical water', Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 191, 105768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105768