Large deviations of multichordal SLE⁡0C, real rational functions, and zeta-regularized determinants of Laplacians

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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

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en

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67

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Journal of the European Mathematical Society, Volume 26, issue 2, pp. 469–535

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We prove a strong large deviation principle (LDP) for multiple chordal SLE⁡0+SLE0+​ curves with respect to the Hausdorff metric. In the single-chord case, this result strengthens an earlier partial result by the second author. We also introduce a Loewner potential, which in the smooth case has a simple expression in terms of zeta-regularized determinants of Laplacians. This potential differs from the LDP rate function by an additive constant depending only on the boundary data, which satisfies PDEs arising as a semiclassical limit of the Belavin–Polyakov–Zamolodchikov equations of level 2 in conformal field theory with central charge c→−∞c→−∞. Furthermore, we show that every multichord minimizing the potential in the upper half-plane for given boundary data is the real locus of a rational function and is unique, thus coinciding with the κ→0+κ→0+ limit of the multiple SLE⁡κSLEκ​. As a by-product, we provide an analytic proof of the Shapiro conjecture in real enumerative geometry, first proved by Eremenko and Gabrielov: if all critical points of a rational function are real, then the function is real up to post-composition with a Möbius transformation.

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Peltola, E & Wang, Y 2024, 'Large deviations of multichordal SLE⁡0C, real rational functions, and zeta-regularized determinants of Laplacians', Journal of the European Mathematical Society, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 469–535. https://doi.org/10.4171/JEMS/1274