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Optical induction of monopoles, knots, and skyrmions in quantum gases
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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en
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7
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Physical Review Research, Volume 6, issue 4, pp. 1-7
Abstract
Single topological defects and related structures have been experimentally created inside clouds of Bose-Einstein condensates. However, a practical protocol for creating multiple defects inside a single cloud - a prerequisite for studying defect interactions - has been lacking. Here we propose, and theoretically analyze, a practical protocol for the creation of configurations of topological monopoles, quantum knots, and skyrmions in Bose-Einstein condensates by employing fictitious magnetic fields induced by the interaction of the atomic cloud with coherent light fields. It is observed that a single coherent field is not enough for this purpose, but instead we find incoherent superpositions of several coherent fields that introduce topological point charges. We numerically estimate the experimentally achievable strengths and gradients of the induced fictitious magnetic fields and find them to be adjustable at will to several orders of magnitude greater than those of the physical magnetic fields employed in previous experimental studies. This property together with ultrafast control of the optical fields paves the way for advanced engineering of topological defects in quantum gases.
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Publisher Copyright: © 2024 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.
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Annala, T, Mikkonen, T & Möttönen, M 2024, 'Optical induction of monopoles, knots, and skyrmions in quantum gases', Physical Review Research, vol. 6, no. 4, 043013, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.043013