Modelling the end-use performance of alternative fuel properties in flex-fuel vehicles
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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Date
2022-10-01
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Mcode
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Language
en
Pages
17
Series
Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 269
Abstract
Renewable fuels and fuel-optimized engines play a key role in the time- and cost-effective decarbonization of current mobility. The present work introduces a state-of-the-art mathematical model that allows for the first time an accurate estimation of fuel consumption in flex-fuel vehicle engines by considering the impact of the most significant fuel properties exclusively. These engines are optimized to a higher concentration of non-drop-in fuels such as E85. Based on the literature data, a matrix was built with fuel properties as multiple independent variables and fuel consumption as a response variable. A multilinear regression with quantitative analysis was applied to develop a fuel consumption model for FFVs. The most significant fuel properties turned out to be octane sensitivity, vapor pressure, lower heating value, and density. All properties in the final model have a unique and important impact on fuel consumption, secured by extremely low p-values (P ≪ 1 %). The model reached very high accuracy represented by R-Square of 0.994, which turned into 1.41 % of the average absolute error in internal validation and only 1.9 % in external validation. The present study shows that in all alternative fuel cases, flex-fuel vehicles performed with better fuel economy than standard spark-ignition light-duty vehicles. Moreover, high concentration alcohol blends reduce energy consumption as well as tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions despite their higher fuel consumption. The developed model can be applied to fuel consumption estimations in FFVs from single chemical compounds to commercial fuel products including new fuel blends.Description
Funding Information: This work was a part of the ADVANCEFUEL project, European Union's Horizon 2020 project under grant agreement N.◦764799. The authors would like to also acknowledge support from Neste and Fortum Foundation, the branch group Combustion Engines Finland (Teknologiateollisuus), Henry Ford Foundation and the Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion (Tekniikan Edistämissäätiö). Funding Information: This work was a part of the ADVANCEFUEL project, European Union’s Horizon 2020 project under grant agreement N. ◦ 764799. The authors would like to also acknowledge support from Neste and Fortum Foundation, the branch group Combustion Engines Finland (Teknologiateollisuus), Henry Ford Foundation and the Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion (Tekniikan Edistämissäätiö). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors
Keywords
Flex-Fuel Vehicles, Fuel Consumption, GHG emissions, Mathematical Modelling, Renewable Fuels
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Citation
Kroyan, Y, Wojcieszyk, M, Kaario, O & Larmi, M 2022, ' Modelling the end-use performance of alternative fuel properties in flex-fuel vehicles ', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 269, 116080 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116080