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The role of the global navigation satellite system in positioning, navigation and timing services in 2030
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School of Electrical Engineering |
Bachelor's thesis
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en
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42
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Abstract
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is the primary source of global Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) services. The objective of this thesis is to asses the role of GNSS in global PNT services in the year 2030 through a study of current technological trends and literature. PNT services are essential to modern society. They enable considerable socio-economic value and the continuous safe and efficient operation of Critical Infrastructure (CI). Modern reliance on GNSS PNT creates a single point of failure causing significant economic losses and a temporary degradation of public and private services.
Simultaneously, new technologies require increasing accuracy and availability in challenging environments from PNT services which GNSS alone can't deliver.
The work begins with an overview of essential PNT concepts from a PNT satellite perspective. Subsequentially, a high-level overview of the modern GNSS is presented alongside the augmentation systems improving GNSS performance. GNSS performance limitations and system vulnerabilities are reviewed on a high level. Three emerging Alternative PNT (Alt-PNT) solutions are introduced and discussed. Terrestrial Time and Frequency T/F transfer fiber networks, 5G positioning and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) PNT. Their deployment timeframes are analyzed and their impacts on the trajectory of the role of GNSS as the global predominant source of PNT is discussed. The study concludes with a review of a System-of-Systems Approach (SOSA), combining multiple PNT solutions.
The synergy of gradually deployed PNT systems offers a higher cost-to-benefit ration than realizing a singular alternative technology.
While impediments to large scale, GNSS independent deployment exist, the chose technologies are likely to improve GNSS performance by 2030. Full scale, stand-alone performance is likely further in the future. Therefore the role of GNSS as the global predominant source of PNT services will be consolidated by the discussed solutions complimenting GNSS PNT services.
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Supervisor
Turunen, MarkusThesis advisor
Lehtovuori, AnuMustonen, Jarno