Bacterial nanocellulose enables auxetic supporting implants

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Volume Title

A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Date

2022-05-15

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Mcode

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Language

en

Pages

10
1-10

Series

Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 284

Abstract

Owing to its purity and exceptional mechanical performance, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is well suited for tissue engineering applications. BNC assembles as a network that features similarities with the extracellular matrix (ECM) while exhibiting excellent integrity in the wet state, suitable for suturing and sterilization. The development of complex 3D forms is shown by taking advantage of the aerobic process involved in the biogenesis of BNC at the air/culture medium interphase. Hence, solid supports are used to guide the formation of BNC biofilms that easily form auxetic structures. Such biomaterials are demonstrated as implantable meshes with prescribed opening size and infill density. The measured mechanical strength is easily adjustable (48–456 MPa tensile strength) while ensuring shape stability (>87% shape retention after 100 burst loading/unloading cycles). We further study the cytotoxicity, monocyte/macrophage pro-inflammatory activation, and phenotype to demonstrate the prospective use of BNC as supportive implants with long-term comfort and minimal biomaterial fatigue.

Description

| openaire: EC/H2020/788489/EU//BioELCell Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the fund from the Business Finland TUTLI fund (“Solving the Mesh”, Project number 211795 , BF 6108/31/2019). R.A. also acknowledges funding from the Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion (TES) and FinnCERES GoGlobal mobility fund. O.J.R. is grateful for the support received from the ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No. 788489 (“BioElCell”), the Canada Excellence Research Chair initiative ( CERC-2018-00006 ), and Canada Foundation for Innovation (Project number 38623 ). The authors are grateful for the kind help of Aki Laakso in the design of the auxetic structures and Dr. Alp Karakoc for his insightful comments. We would also like to show our gratitude to Dr. Tomi S. Mikkola and Ilkka Hyytiäinen for the valuable discussions throughout the project. We are also immensely thankful to Lahja Eurajoki for the expert technical assistance in cell culture experiments. This work made use of the facilities of Aalto University's Nanomicroscopy Center. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the fund from the Business Finland TUTLI fund (?Solving the Mesh?, Project number 211795, BF 6108/31/2019). R.A. also acknowledges funding from the Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion (TES) and FinnCERES GoGlobal mobility fund. O.J.R. is grateful for the support received from the ERC Advanced Grant Agreement No. 788489 (?BioElCell?), the Canada Excellence Research Chair initiative (CERC-2018-00006), and Canada Foundation for Innovation (Project number 38623). The authors are grateful for the kind help of Aki Laakso in the design of the auxetic structures and Dr. Alp Karakoc for his insightful comments. We would also like to show our gratitude to Dr. Tomi S. Mikkola and Ilkka Hyyti?inen for the valuable discussions throughout the project. We are also immensely thankful to Lahja Eurajoki for the expert technical assistance in cell culture experiments. This work made use of the facilities of Aalto University's Nanomicroscopy Center. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)

Keywords

3D printing, Auxetic, Bacteria nanocellulose, Molding

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Citation

Ajdary, R, Abidnejad, R, Lehtonen, J, Kuula, J, Raussi-Lehto, E, Kankuri, E, Tardy, B & Rojas, O J 2022, ' Bacterial nanocellulose enables auxetic supporting implants ', Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 284, 119198, pp. 1-10 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119198