Towards the EU emissions targets of 2050 : optimal energy renovation measures of Finnish apartment buildings
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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en
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24
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International Journal of Sustainable Energy, Volume 38, issue 7, pp. 649-672
Abstract
Member countries of the European Union have released targets to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 80% by the year 2050. Energy use in buildings is a major source of these emissions, which is why this study focused on the cost-optimal renovation of Finnish apartment buildings. Apartment buildings from four different construction years (pre-1976, 1976–2002, 2003–2009 and post-2010) were modelled, using three different heating systems: district heating, ground-source heat pump and exhaust air heat pump. Multi-objective optimisation was utilised to find the most cost-effective energy renovation measures. Most cost-effective renovation measures were ground-source heat pumps, demand-based ventilation and solar electricity. Additional thermal insulation of walls was usually too expensive. By performing only the cost-effective renovations, the emissions could be reduced by 80%, 82%, 69% and 68%, from the oldest to the newest buildings, respectively. This could be done with the initial investment cost of 296, 235, 115 and 104 €/m2, respectively.Description
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Hirvonen, J, Jokisalo, J, Heljo, J & Kosonen, R 2019, 'Towards the EU emissions targets of 2050 : optimal energy renovation measures of Finnish apartment buildings', International Journal of Sustainable Energy, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 649-672. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2018.1559164