On variations of arclength with Myers’s and Hawking’s theorems in Riemannian and Lorentzian geometry

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Volume Title

School of Science | S harjoitus- ja seminaarityöt

Date

2018

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Mcode

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Language

en

Pages

35

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Abstract

We work through the first and second variations of arclength and discuss the rise of index forms and Jacobi fields along with their application in finding conjugate or focal points on Riemannian or Lorentzian manifolds. We then prove two theorems on the maximal distances of two conjugate or focal points along geodesics for manifolds that satisfy certain boundedness conditions for the Ricci tensor. These are Myers’s theorem in Riemannian geometry and Hawking’s theorem in Lorentzian geometry.

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Keywords

variation, arclength, Myers's theorem, Hawking's theorem, Pseudo-Riemannian geometry, spacetime, general relativity

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Citation

Mäkelä, Toni. 2018. On variations of arclength with Myers’s and Hawking’s theorems in Riemannian and Lorentzian geometry. 35.