Silver nanoparticles embedded in glass by ion exchange method for biosensor applications
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School of Electrical Engineering |
Doctoral thesis (article-based)
| Defence date: 2012-10-26
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Authors
Date
2012
Department
Mikro- ja nanotekniikan laitos
Department of Micro and Nanosciences
Department of Micro and Nanosciences
Major/Subject
Mcode
Degree programme
Language
en
Pages
131
Series
Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS, 125/2012
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) embedded in glasses and their applications for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Firstly, Ag NPs are produced in microscope slides and high iron float glasses by ion exchange with thermal treatment. These two kinds of glasses contain a different percentage of iron oxide, which acts as the reducing agent in a silver reduction process. The study shows that the iron content in the Fe2+ form is more important than that in the Fe3+ form for the silver reduction. It is also demonstrated that Ag NP aggregates embedded in high iron float glasses can make them as SERS-active substrates. Secondly, Ag NPs are formed in high quality Corning 0211 glasses by a masked ion exchange and a two-step ion exchange. Ag NPs are deposited just under the mask edge due to the electrolytic deposition taking place in the masked ion exchange process. They form into Ag NP patterns according to the mask pattern. With the two-step ion exchange, uniform nanoparticle clusters over large areas are embedded in glass due to the galvanic replacement reaction and the electrolytic deposition. When applying a photolithographic mask in either the first step of an Ag+ ion exchange or the second step of a K+ ion exchange process, the two-step ion exchange can also enable the patterning of areas with particles having desired shapes and sizes. The SERS performance of the particles formed by these two methods is also demonstrated. The presented methods based on ion exchange are simple and potentially low-cost processes for large scale fabrication of SERS-active substrates. Furthermore, the two methods used to fabricate Ag NPs in the high quality Corning 0211 glass are ideal options in the development of integrated sensor chips by combining optical waveguides and microfluidics with the formed nanoparticles.Description
Supervising professor
Honkanen, Seppo, Prof.Thesis advisor
Tervonen, Ari, Doc.Keywords
silver nanoparticles, ion exchange, surface enhanced Raman scattering
Other note
Parts
- [Publication 1]: Y. Chen, J. Jaakola, Y.L. Ge, A. Säynätjoki, A. Tervonen, S.-P. Hannula and S. Honkanen. In situ fabrication of waveguide-compatible glass-embedded silver nanoparticle patterns by masked ion-exchange process. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 355, 45-47, 2224-2227, 2009.
- [Publication 2]: Y. Chen, J. Jaakola, A. Säynätjoki, A. Tervonen, and S. Honkanen. SERS-active silver nanoparticles in ion-exchanged glass. J. Nonlinear Opt. Phys. Mater., 19, 4, 527-533, 2010.
- [Publication 3]: Y. Chen, J. Jaakola, A. Säynätjoki, A. Tervonen, and S. Honkanen. Glass-embedded silver nanoparticle patterns by masked ion-exchange process for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. J. Raman Spectrosc., 42, 5, 936-940, 2011.
- [Publication 4]: Y. Chen, L. Karvonen, A. Säynätjoki, C.G. Ye, A. Tervonen, and S. Honkanen. Ag nanoparticles embedded in glass by two-step ion exchange and their SERS application. Opt. Mater. Express, 1, 2, 164-172, 2011.
- [Publication 5]: L. Karvonen, Y. Chen, A. Säynätjoki, K. Taiviola, A. Tervonen, and S. Honkanen. SERS-active silver nanoparticle aggregates produced in high-iron float glass by ion exchange process. Opt. Mater., 34, 1, 1-5, 2011.