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D-Decomposition Based Design of PIDF Load Frequency Control of an Integrated Solar Photo-Voltaic System with Thermal Reheat Plant
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A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
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Authors
Sobieh, Abdel Rahman
Ali, Mahmoud N.
Soliman, Mahmoud
Lehtonen, Matti
Darwish, Mohamed M.F.
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en
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21
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IEEE Access, Volume 13, pp. 155987-156007
Abstract
Achieving a stable equilibrium between produced power and consumed power remains a critical challenge in present-day power systems, especially with the developing incorporation of renewable energy sources, such as solar photo-voltaic (SPV) systems. This study exhibits a graphical method-based D-Decomposition approach to design a controller with Proportional-Integral controller with Derivative Filter (PIDF) for load frequency control (LFC) single area. Design of LFC via the proposed approach also extends to a two-area power system, which includes both a SPV system and a thermal reheat power plant. Control Basins (CBs) are graphically depicted to ensure Hurwitz stability where all roots of LFC closed loop transfer function in the presence of PIDF are located in the open left half plane. Because of the drastically penetration of renewable energy sources in the electricity market and its sharply effect on the stability of the network, CBs based ζ-Hurwitz have been introduced in the paper to provide a rigid controller where all roots located at the left of the line inclined specific angle ensuring a certain damping coefficient. The controller’s performance was assessed through a series of scenarios to evaluate its effectiveness in improving frequency regulation and change in tie-line power, using time domain indices, ITAE, ISE, and IAE, and response indicators, settling time, under shooting, and over shooting, under step load perturbation (SLP) and uncertainties of power system parameters such as governor, turbine, and power system time constants. The simulation results are further supplemented with a comparative analysis against previous studies, demonstrating the proposed approach’s superior ability to reduce settling time and minimize overshooting. The proposed approach significantly improves system performance across all scenarios. Specifically, it reduces the settling time by approximately 35%, 31%, and 22% for frequency deviation in area 1, area 2, and tie-line power deviation, respectively, when compared to other methods. In addition, the maximum overshoot is decreased by at least 27%, 51%, and 73% for the same variables. Furthermore, the proposed strategy achieves a notable reduction in undershoot, demonstrating superior dynamic response and robustness over existing techniques. Finally, key nonlinearities-including Generation Rate Constraint (GRC), Governor Dead Band (GDB), and Time Delay (TD)-that significantly affect the performance of LFC are taken into account. Compared to recent related studies, the proposed method demonstrates superior performance, achieving faster settling times, reduced overshoot and undershoot, and minimized deviations in both frequency and tie-line power.
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Publisher Copyright: © 2013 IEEE.
Keywords
Control Basin, D-Decomposition, Generation Rate Constraint, Governor Dead Band, Hurwitz Stability, PID Control, Renewable Energy Sources, Solar Photo-Voltaic, Time Delay, governor dead band, renewable energy sources, D-decomposition, solar photo-voltaic, time delay, generation rate constraint, Hurwitz stability, PID control, control basin
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Citation
Sobieh, A R, Ali, M N, Soliman, M, Lehtonen, M & Darwish, M M F 2025, 'D-Decomposition Based Design of PIDF Load Frequency Control of an Integrated Solar Photo-Voltaic System with Thermal Reheat Plant', IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 155987-156007. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3605869