Bio-based polyamides from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid

Thumbnail Image
Files
master_Hanafi_Onsi_2024.pdf (3.74 MB)
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu | Master's thesis
Unless otherwise stated, all rights belong to the author. You may download, display and print this publication for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
Author
Date
2024-06-11
Department
Major/Subject
Biomaterials Science
Mcode
CHEM3041
Degree programme
Nordic Master in Polymer Technology (N5PolTech)
Language
en
Pages
40 + 4
Series
Abstract
Biobased polymers is one of the pathways to achieve more sustainable plastics and products. Polyamides (PA) are commodity polymers, having versatile ap-plications from fibers in clothes to car parts. The most produced polyamides (PA6 and PA66) account for yearly fossil-fuel consumption of almost 10 mil-lion tonnes. The detrimental effects do not only concern the production phase, but also the consumption and end-of-life aspects. Hence, there is a crucial need to develop bio-based polyamides that are chemically recyclable to reduce the environmental impact of these materials. In this work, furan-based polyamides (FPAs) were synthesized through a poly-condensation reaction between hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and a bio-based diacid, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). In addition, copolymers were made by using different ratios of C6 and C10 diamines (HMDA and 1,10-decanediamine). The structure and chemical composition of the synthesized polymers and copolymers were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The highest molecular weight attained was 9900 g/mol, mainly due to limitations from the reactor setup (absence of a vacuum system and lack of adequate mixing). Adding to this, the degradation of FDCA and the evaporation of HMDA were identified as potential factors inhibiting the increase in molecular weight. Based on the thermal analyses, the FPAs were found to be amorphous, with an average glass transition temperature of 102°C. Further, the synthesized polyamides showed high thermal stability, having an initial degradation temperature (cor-responding to 5% weight loss) of 340°C.

N/A
Description
Supervisor
Niskanen, Jukka
Thesis advisor
Välinen, Lauri
Keywords
bio-based, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, polyamides, copolymers
Other note
Citation
Permanent link to this item
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202406164423
Collections
[dipl] Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu / CHEM