Design and measurement of a linear patch array at 6.75 GHz
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School of Electrical Engineering |
Master's thesis
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en
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54
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Abstract
The rapid expansion of wireless communication applications, such as autonomous vehicles, UAVs, Wi-Fi systems, intelligent surveillance, satellite communications, and the Internet of Things (IoT), has accelerated the demand for sufficient radio channel allocation. In this context, Frequency Range 1 (FR1) below 6 GHz offers wide coverage but is limited in bandwidth, while Frequency Range 2 (FR2), spanning from 24.25 GHz to the sub-terahertz range, provides large bandwidth but suffers from short coverage distances and requires high precision. To bridge these gaps, the upper 6 GHz band (6.425 GHz to 7.125 GHz) and Frequency Range 3 (FR3) have recently been opened for study and development, focusing on identifying suitable channel characteristics for different applications through channel sounding measurements. Within this context, the goal of this thesis is to design and fabricate a patch antenna array tailored for channel sounding at 6.75 GHz, within the upper 6 GHz band. The design objectives include achieving a fixed and narrow scanning beam about 10 degrees, a SLL level below -15 dB, and a bandwidth of at least 400 MHz. The antenna array was designed using CST Studio Suite 2025 and fabricated on a substrate with a relative permittivity of 3, a thickness of 1.5 mm, and a copper layer thickness of 0.035 mm. A 1×8 linear array configuration was adopted, employing a corporate feed network with Dolph-Chebyshev amplitude tapering to achieve a beam width of 10.4 degrees and SLL of -18.5 dB. Bandwidth enhancement techniques were applied by integrating parasitic elements, increasing the bandwidth from 320 MHz to 560 MHz. Additional optimizations using mushroom-like electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures were also implemented to reduce mutual coupling and surface wave effects, further improving the radiation performance. Measurement was conducted using a PNA Series Network Analyzer to validate the simulated results for operating frequency and bandwidth. The measured prototype shows close agreement with the simulations, confirming that the design objectives for bandwidth and operating frequency are met. Measurement radiation pattern in anechoic chamber was not included in this thesis.Description
Supervisor
Haneda, KatsuyukiThesis advisor
Vähä-Savo, LauriIcheln, Clemens