Interaction Between Na and Li in ZnO

Neuvonen, Pekka T.; Vines, Lasse; Kuznetsov, Andrej Yu; Svensson, Bengt G.; Du, Xiaolong; Tuomisto, Filip; Hallén, Anders

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Interaction Between Na and Li in ZnO

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Title:	Interaction Between Na and Li in ZnO
Author(s):	Neuvonen, Pekka T. ; Vines, Lasse ; Kuznetsov, Andrej Yu ; Svensson, Bengt G. ; Du, Xiaolong ; Tuomisto, Filip ; Hallén, Anders
Date:	2009
Language:	en
Pages:	3 1-3
Department:	Department of Applied Physics
Series:	Applied Physics Letters, Volume 95, issue 24
ISSN:	1077-3118
DOI-number:	10.1063/1.3270107
Subject:	114 Physical sciences, 221 Nanotechnology, 214 Mechanical engineering, 218 Environmental engineering
Keywords:	diffusion, Li, Na, ZnO, 114 Physical sciences, 221 Nanotechnology, 214 Mechanical engineering, 218 Environmental engineering
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Citation: Neuvonen , P T , Vines , L , Kuznetsov , A Y , Svensson , B G , Du , X , Tuomisto , F & Hallén , A 2009 , ' Interaction Between Na and Li in ZnO ' Applied Physics Letters , vol 95 , no. 24 , 242111 , pp. 1-3 . DOI: 10.1063/1.3270107
Abstract: The interaction between group-Ia elements in ZnO have been studied by implanting Na into hydrothermally grown ZnO samples containing ∼4×1017 Li/cm3 and employing secondary ion mass spectrometry for sample analysis. Postimplantation annealing above 500 °C results in a diffusion of Na and concurrently Li is efficiently depleted from the regions occupied by Na. The data show unambiguously that Na and Li compete for the same trapping site and the results provide strong experimental evidence for that the formation energies of Na on Zn site together with that of interstitial Li are lower than those of Li on Zn site and interstitial Na in highly resistive ZnO. This conclusion is also supported by recent theoretical estimates of the formation energies of these species as a function of the Fermi-level position in ZnO.

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