[article-cris] Palvelut / Services

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Browsing [article-cris] Palvelut / Services by Subject "5G"

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  • An Application Programming Interface for Android to support dedicated 5G network slicing
    (2023-11-07) Jerónimo Bañuelos, Julián; Costa-Requena, Jose; He, Jiayuan; Salim, Flora; Sigg, Stephan
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    Recent technological advances in telecommunications networks such as the development and deployment of the fifth-generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks (5G) have enabled a wide array of new functionalities for mobile networks, also including for the first time, reduced capability (IoT) devices. The possibility to request on-demand specific features of the mobile network such as an improved reliability, faster broadband speed, or low latency depending on the type of content that is consumed by the application through 5G network slicing will allow to provide a better user experience under adequate network conditions. Provisioning devices with 5G network slicing capabilities is of great interest for manufacturers, carriers, and developers, particularly in IoT-Type communication which may feature unique bandwidth and resource requirements. As a first step, this paper proposes an Application Programming Interface (API) to act as a bridge between an Android device and the 5G core network to provide Android-based devices with 5G network slicing functionality.
  • An Experiment on 5G Open-RAN Platform with Sub-THz Backhauling
    (2024) Saba, Norshahida; Andrianopoulos, Efstathios; Lyras, Nikolaos K.; Katta, Saimanoj; Abdulkadir, Mohammedadem; Pikasis, Evangelos; Schwanke, Garrit; Qian, Tianwen; Deumer, Milan; Nellen, Simon; Tsirbas, Elias; Loghis, Eleftherios; Megas, Georgios; Tsokos, Christos; Groumas, Panos; De Felipe, David; Kohlhaas, Robert B.; Massaouti, Maria; Kouloumentas, Christos; Kritharidis, Dimitrios; Keil, Norbert; Avramopoulos, Hercules; Costa-Requena, Jose; Jäntti, Riku
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    The deployment of fifth-generation (5G) open radio access network (RAN) introduces new opportunities for wireless communication, particularly in the context of x-Haul wireless links. This paper presents a comprehensive demonstration of how photonic-generated sub- THz at 120 GHz was utilized for wireless backhaul within the 5G open RAN platform. The experimental setup highlighted the feasibility and effectiveness of establishing a sub- THz link as the backhaul, marking a significant advancement in this emerging field. Through extensive performance analysis, we evaluated 5G network's throughput, achieving approximately 957 Mbps for downlink with UDP and 269 Mbps with TCP. In the case of uplink, both UDP and TCP exhibited comparable speeds, both exceeding 80 Mbps. This work marks a significant achievement in advancing the development of photonic-generated sub- THz wireless links, holding the potential to enhance wireless transport capabilities, particularly in the context of advanced 5G networks and beyond..
  • Millimeter-Wave Radio Link Analysis for 5G FWA by Combining Measurements and Geospatial Data
    (2023-03-08) Saba, Norshahida; Mela, Lauri; Ruttik, Kalle; Salo, Jari; Jantti, Riku
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    Fifth-generation (5G) fixed wireless access (FWA) at millimeter-wave (mmWave) can be a solution to fulfill the increasing demand of high-speed home broadband service. However, mmWave links have high propagation loss and are susceptible to blockage. In order to estimate mmWave coverage, appropriate radio link models are required. In this paper, we use measurements and geospatial data to analyze how mmWave can be utilized in Finnish rural areas. The measurements were conducted during summertime at 26 GHz. The measurements involved a crane and a mobile measurement van. The crane was used for measuring at three different transmitter heights, 30 m, 50 m and 70 m from the ground. During the summer, Finnish forests are covered with heavy foliage. We use the measurements and geospatial map to derive radio propagation models that are suitable for FWA in Finnish rural areas. The empirically-found vegetation attenuation models, Aalto1 and Aalto2, are compared to other models from the literature. Most of the other models, FITU-R, Weissberger, COST235 and KAIST1, overestimate the vegetation loss. KAIST2 is a good fit with 7.75 dB root mean square error (RMSE) value. The proposed Aalto1 model shows the best fit, with 5.98 dB RMSE. The model fit can further be improved by tuning it for a particular antenna height. Our analysis shows that, despite high vegetation blockage in the range of 40 m to 700 m, the excess loss remains below 40 dB.
  • Performance Study of 5G Indoor Small Cells for Industrial MEC
    (2024) Sidibe, Amy Sokhna; Katta, Saimanoj; Requena, Jose Costa
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    The Fifth-generation (5G) and future 6G are targeted for industrial environments where reliability and low latency processing are required for automation of factories. Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is the emerging paradigm expected to address those requirements. In this study we utilize an Open Radio Access Network (ORAN) equipment to conduct extensive performance measurements, primarily focusing on latency and bandwidth metrics. Industrial MEC use cases require the deployment of indoor small cells capable of providing low latency communications for small coverage. In this paper, we are interested in analyzing the effectiveness of a co-deployment of MEC with the access network as promised by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1]. Leveraging the iperf tool, we conduct measurements both within our custom MEC platform, collocated with the gNodeB (gNB), and externally against a public iperf server deployed in the cloud. By comparing these measurements, the paper provides valuable insights into the efficiency of ORAN technology in industrial MEC environments, shedding light on its potential advantages and limitations. This empirical evaluation serves to inform future deployments and optimizations, contributing to the advancement of efficient and reliable edge computing solutions for industrial use cases.
  • Predictive QoS for Cellular-Connected UAV Communications
    (2024) Varghese, Ann; Heikkinen, Antti; Mähönen, Petri; Ojanpera, Tiia; Ahmad, Ijaz
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones, are transforming industries due to their affordability, ease of use, and adaptability. This emphasizes the need for reliable communication links, especially in beyond-line-of-sight scenarios. This paper investigates the feasibility of predicting future quality of service (QoS) in UAV payload communication links, with a special focus on 5G cellular technology. Through field tests conducted in a suburban environment, we explore challenges and trade-offs that cellular-connected UAVs face, particularly in the context of frequency band selection. We employed machine learning models to forecast uplink (UL) throughput for UAV payload communication, highlighting the significance of diverse training data for accurate predictions. The results reveal the effect of frequency band selection on UAV UL throughput rates at varying altitudes and the influence of integrating diverse feature sets, including radio, network, and spatial features, on ML model performance. These insights provide a foundation for addressing the complexities in UAV communications and enhancing UAV operations in modern networks.
  • A Software Defined Radio-Based Prototype for Wireless Metrics Studies in IoT Applications
    (2021-10) Poveda, Héctor; Navarro, Kiara; Merchan, Fernando; Ramos, Edgar; González González, David
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The spectrum has always been an essential resource of information for wireless communications. With the continued growth of Internet of things (IoT) and 5G, there is a demand to understand how the spectrum is used. One of the challenges of deploying IoT applications is the crowded spectrum in the unlicensed industrial scientific medical bands leading to rising coexistence problems between different wireless protocols. To overcome this congestion, hardware tools supporting spectrum sensing can be used to manage the spectrum more efficiently. In this context, this work presents a prototype that measures a set wireless metrics on raw wireless signals acquired with software defined radio (SDR) technology. This prototype aims to provide mechanisms to sense and monitor spectrum usage that can mitigate one of the issues that IoT faces, the interference being produced by having different technologies using at the same frequency channels. The prototype features configurable radio frequency parameter and programmable periodical tasks execution. It displays wireless metrics such as signal to noise ratio, cumulative density function and power spectral density. This prototype uses web and SDR technologies, highlighting the idea and feasibility of combining these two technologies. In addition, it demonstrates the possibility to obtain wireless metrics with a low-cost hardware based on open source tools in a platform where interaction, debugging and maintaining becomes intuitive and easier. Results of measurements of LoRa protocol signals are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the prototype.
  • Using Existing Base Station Sites for 5G Millimeter-Wave Fixed Wireless Access: Antenna Height and Coverage Analysis
    (2024) Saba, Norshahida; Salo, Jari; Ruttik, Kalle; Jäntti, Riku
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    The utilization of millimeter-wave (mm Wave) fre-quencies presents a challenge due to their susceptibility to significant attenuation when encountering obstacles. Providing 5G cellular services using these frequencies has proven to be challenging. However, they exhibit suitability for fixed wireless access (FWA) applications. Fixed wireless links remain relatively stationary, allowing for network design centered around line-of-sight (LoS) coverage. This study delves into the investigation of LoS coverage by making use of existing base transceiver station (BTS) sites in a rural region of Finland. Laser-scanned geospatial data is employed to assess LoS coverage, considering both BTS and customer premise equipment (CPE) antenna heights. Additionally, measured throughput data from commercial 5G devices is utilized to estimate feasible user throughput. The assessment is carried out in the rural area of Pornainen, Finland, covering a total of 764 households and three pre-existing BTS sites. The analysis encompasses BTS tower heights ranging from 30 m to 400 m. Through this analysis, the study presents LoS coverage patterns for various combinations of BTS tower and CPE heights. Notably, the research demonstrates that residences with established LoS connections have the potential to achieve downlink throughput exceeding 3 Gbps at 26 GHz. This finding underscores the feasibility of high-speed connectivity in areas where LoS conditions are favorable, highlighting the potential for effective FWA deployment in rural settings.