[article-cris] Kauppakorkeakoulu / BIZ

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  • Uncertainty and stepwise investment
    (2010) Kort, P.M.; Murto, Pauli; Pawlina, G.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Recruitment practices in institutional transition of China
    (2011) Lu, Wei
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    The paper examines how recruitment practices of foreign companies developed over time in China. The data included 33 personal interviews with HR managers and top managers of over 20 Finnish owned subsidiaries in China. The study shows that the recruitment channels have changed from closed and internal from Chinese partner of the joint ventures to current open and external, i.e. labour market based. Internet has become the most important recruitment portal. Use of formal recruitment procedures gained increasing status. These developments were influenced by the changes in Chinese institutions, labour market development, information technology and MNC practices. Although some of the recruitment practices seemed to be similar to those in the West the purpose of using the practices carried distinguished Chinese characteristics.
  • Learning and information aggregation in an exit game
    (2011-05) Murto, Pauli; Välimäki, Juuso
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Geographic information system and tools of spatial analysis in a pneumococcal vaccine trial
    (2012) Tanskanen, Antti; Nillos, Leilani T.; Lehtinen, Antti; Nohynek, Hanna; Sanvictores, Diozele Hazel M; Simões, Eric A F; Tallo, Veronica L.; Lucero, Marilla G.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Background: The goal of this Geographic Information System (GIS) study was to obtain accurate information on the locations of study subjects, road network and services for research purposes so that the clinical outcomes of interest (e.g., vaccine efficacy, burden of disease, nasopharyngeal colonization and its reduction) could be linked and analyzed at a distance from health centers, hospitals, doctors and other important services. The information on locations can be used to investigate more accurate crowdedness, herd immunity and/or transmission patterns. Method. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of an 11-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (11PCV) was conducted in Bohol Province in central Philippines, from July 2000 to December 2004. We collected the information on the geographic location of the households (N = 13,208) of study subjects. We also collected a total of 1982 locations of health and other services in the six municipalities and a comprehensive GIS data over the road network in the area. Results: We calculated the numbers of other study subjects (vaccine and placebo recipients, respectively) within the neighborhood of each study subject. We calculated distances to different services and identified the subjects sharing the same services (calculated by distance). This article shows how to collect a complete GIS data set for human to human transmitted vaccine study in developing country settings in an efficient and economical way. Conclusions: The collection of geographic locations in intervention trials should become a routine task. The results of public health research may highly depend on spatial relationships among the study subjects and between the study subjects and the environment, both natural and infrastructural.
  • The defence of utilitarianism in early Rawls: a study of methodological development
    (2013) Mäkinen, Jukka; Kakkuri-Knuuttila, Marja-Liisa
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Prenatal metformin exposure in mice programs the metabolic phenotype of the offspring during a high fat diet at adulthood
    (2013) Salomäki, Henriikka; Vähätalo, Laura H.; Laurila, Kirsti; Jäppinen, Norma T.; Penttinen, Anna-Maija; Ailanen, Liisa; Ilyasizadeh, Juan; Pesonen, Ullamari; Koulu, Markku
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Aims The antidiabetic drug metformin is currently used prior and during pregnancy for polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as during gestational diabetes mellitus. We investigated the effects of prenatal metformin exposure on the metabolic phenotype of the offspring during adulthood in mice. Methods Metformin (300 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered orally to dams on regular diet from the embryonic day E0.5 to E17.5. Gene expression profiles in liver and brain were analysed from 4-day old offspring by microarray. Body weight development and several metabolic parameters of offspring were monitored both during regular diet (RD-phase) and high fat diet (HFD-phase). At the end of the study, two doses of metformin or vehicle were given acutely to mice at the age of 20 weeks, and Insig-1 and GLUT4 mRNA expressions in liver and fat tissue were analysed using qRT-PCR. Results Metformin exposed fetuses were lighter at E18.5. There was no effect of metformin on the maternal body weight development or food intake. Metformin exposed offspring gained more body weight and mesenteric fat during the HFD-phase. The male offspring also had impaired glucose tolerance and elevated fasting glucose during the HFD-phase. Moreover, the expression of GLUT4 mRNA was down-regulated in epididymal fat in male offspring prenatally exposed to metformin. Based on the microarray and subsequent qRT-PCR analyses, the expression of Insig-1 was changed in the liver of neonatal mice exposed to metformin prenatally. Furthermore, metformin up-regulated the expression of Insig-1 later in development. Gene set enrichment analysis based on preliminary microarray data identified several differentially enriched pathways both in control and metformin exposed mice. Conclusions The present study shows that prenatal metformin exposure causes long-term programming effects on the metabolic phenotype during high fat diet in mice. This should be taken into consideration when using metformin as a therapeutic agent during pregnancy.
  • Delay and information aggregation in stopping games with private information
    (2013-11) Murto, Pauli; Välimäki, Juuso
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Education and allocation of skills in Tunisia: evidence from an education reform
    (2013-12-01) Pekkarinen, Tuomas; Pellicer, Miquel
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Abstract: An often cited explanation for the weak growth effects of education in developing countries is the misallocation of educated workers to inefficient activities in the public sector. This paper assesses the strength of this argument by studying the effect of educational attainment on employment status of Tunisian men. We exploit policy changes that restricted access to secondary education in the 1970’s as an instrument for education and use data from 2004 Tunisian census as well as 2010 Labor Force Survey to estimate the effect of education on working in different sectors and within specific occupational categories. Consistently with the misallocation argument, we find that education increases employment, but that this increase is concentrated either in relatively low skill white collar occupations or in the public sector. Given that our instrument probably affected the academically weaker students this pattern of results suggests that the public sector might inefficiently reward titles.
  • MNCs and local cross-sector partnerships: The case of a smarter Baltic Sea
    (2014) Ritvala, Tiina; Salmi, Asta; Andersson, Per
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Continuous hypoxic culturing of human embryonic stem cells enhances Ssea-3 and Myc levels
    (2014) Närvä, Elisa; Pursiheimo, Juha-Pekka; Laiho, Asta; Rahkonen, Nelly; Reddy Emani, Maheswara; Viitala, Miro; Laurila, Kirsti; Sahla, Roosa; Lund, Riikka; Lähdesmäki, Harri; Jaakkola, Panu; Lahesmaa, Riitta
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) contributes critically to pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) by preventing spontaneous differentiation and supporting self-renewal. However, it is not well understood how hESCs respond to reduced oxygen availability and what are the molecular mechanisms maintaining pluripotency in these conditions. In this study we characterized the transcriptional and molecular responses of three hESC lines (H9, HS401 and HS360) on short (2 hours), intermediate (24 hours) and prolonged (7 days) exposure to low oxygen conditions (4% O2). In response to prolonged hypoxia the expression of pluripotency surface marker SSEA-3 was increased. Furthermore, the genome wide gene-expression analysis revealed that a substantial proportion (12%) of all hypoxia-regulated genes in hESCs, were directly linked to the mechanisms controlling pluripotency or differentiation. Moreover, transcription of MYC oncogene was induced in response to continuous hypoxia. At the protein level MYC was stabilized through phosphorylation already in response to a short hypoxic exposure. Total MYC protein levels remained elevated throughout all the time points studied. Further, MYC protein expression in hypoxia was affected by silencing HIF2α, but not HIF1α. Since MYC has a crucial role in regulating pluripotency we propose that induction of sustained MYC expression in hypoxia contributes to activation of transcriptional programs critical for hESC self-renewal and maintenance of enhanced pluripotent state.
  • Using social distinctions in taste for analysing design styles across product categories
    (2014-12-01) Snelders, Dirk; Mugge, Ruth; Huinink, Maartje
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    People can develop a taste for particular styles of design across a wide range of product categories. The literature has suggested that people’s preferences for such ‘cross-category’ design styles are influenced by social distinctions, based on education level and age bracket. In this article, we have argued more precisely that such social distinctions are indispensable as criteria for an analysis of cross-category design styles. In a quantitative study with over 400 people and 200 products in 10 product categories, we have demonstrated how design preferences across product categories are related to people’s education level and age bracket. We then qualitatively analysed people’s design preferences across product categories, and we arrived at seven cross-category design styles. Five of these styles could be identified only on the basis of the differences in design preferences between groups of a different age and education level, as established in previous studies. Taken together, this article has provided an approach for designers to analyse cross-category design styles, based on the inclusion of social distinction indicators (education level and age bracket) that help identify critical differences in people’s tastes.
  • Managing the move to the cloud - analyzing the risks and opportunities of cloud-based accounting information systems
    (2015) Asatiani, Aleksandre; Penttinen, Esko
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Fire and water combined: Understanding the relevance of working life studies through a concept of practical activity
    (2015) Räsänen, Keijo
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Aid and income: Another time-series perspective
    (2015) Lof, Matthijs; Mekasha, Tseday Jemaneh; Tarp, Finn
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    This study provides a replication of the empirical results reported by Nowak-Lehmann, Dreher, Herzer, Klasen, and Martínez-Zarzoso (2012) (henceforth NDHKM). We uncover that NDHKM relied on a regression model which included a log transformation of variables that are not strictly positive. This led to nonrandom omission of a large proportion of observations. Furthermore, we show that NDHKM’s use of co-integrated regressions is not a suitable empirical strategy for estimating the causal effect of aid on income. Evidence from a Panel VAR model estimated on the dataset of NDHKM, suggests a positive and statistically significant long-run effect of aid on income.
  • Kaksi dialogimuotoa ja niiden eettinen merkitys
    (2015) Kakkuri-Knuuttila, Marja-Liisa
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Rejoinder to Herzer, Nowak-Lehmann, Dreher, Klasen, and Martinez-Zarzoso (2014)
    (2015) Lof, Matthijs; Mekasha, Tseday Jemaneh; Tarp, Finn
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The Herzer et al. (2014) comment on our article (Lof et al., 2014) addresses two issues. First, they propose various ways to circumvent our concerns regarding data handling in a paper by Nowak-Lehmann et al. (2012). We point out that under these new approaches the link between the empirical model and theoretical specification no longer holds. Moreover, the issue of reverse causality is not tackled by Herzer et al. (2014). Second, Herzer et al. (2014) criticize our empirical strategy and Panel VAR results. We show their remarks are based on misunderstandings and were, for the most part, already addressed in Lof et al. (2014).
  • Emergence of entrepreneurial behaviour: The role of age-based self-image
    (2015) Kautonen, Teemu; Hatak, Isabella; Kibler, Ewald; Wainwright, Thomas
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Risk ON / Risk OFF: risk-taking varies with subjectively preferred and disliked music
    (2015) Halko, Marja-Liisa; Kaustia, Markku
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    In this paper we conduct a within-subjects experiment in which teenagers go over 256 gambles with real money gains and losses. For each risky gamble they choose whether to participate in it, or pass. Prior to this main experiment subjects identify specific songs belonging to their favorite musical genre, as well as songs representing a style they dislike. In the main experiment we vary the music playing in the background, so that each subject hears some of their favorite music, and some disliked music, alternating in blocks of 16 gambles. We find that favorite music increases risk-taking (‘risk on’), and disliked music suppresses risk-taking (‘risk off’), compared to a baseline of no music. Literature in psychology proposes several mechanisms by which mood affects risk-taking, but none of them fully explain the results in our setting. The results are, however, consistent with the economics notion of preference complementarity, extended to the domain of risk preference. The preference structure implied by our results is more complex than previously thought, yet realistic, and consistent with recent theoretical models. More generally, this mechanism offers a potential explanation to why risk-taking is known to change over time and across contexts.
  • From entrepreneurial intentions to actions: Self-control and action-related doubt, fear, and aversion
    (2015) Gelderen, Marco Van; Kautonen, Teemu; Fink, Matthias
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
  • Various forms of value-based selling capability - Commentary on "Value-based selling: an organizational capability perspective"
    (2015) Jaakkola, Matti; Frösén, Johanna; Tikkanen, Henrikki
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä