Browsing by Author "Wischmeier, M."

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  • Assessment of particle and heat loads to the upper open divertor in ASDEX Upgrade in favourable and unfavourable toroidal magnetic field directions
    (2019-05-01) Paradela Pérez, I.; Groth, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Scarabosio, A.; Brida, D.; David, P.; Silvagni, D.; Coster, D.; Lunt, T.; Faitsch, M.; , ASDEX Upgrade Team
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Pairs of ASDEX Upgrade L-mode discharges with the toroidal magnetic field, B T , in the forward and reverse directions have been used to study the impact of neoclassical drifts on the divertor plasma conditions and detachment. The evolution of the peak heat flux and the total power loads onto both the outer and the inner targets depends significantly on the toroidal field direction: increasing the core plasma density affects mainly the heat loads in the B T < 0 (unfavourable) direction, whereas increasing the plasma current has a larger impact on the heat loads for B T > 0 (favourable). Ion saturation current measurements show similar trends to those of the IR heat flux data. These discrepancies are not only caused by drifts but also by different levels of radiated power in the core, thus the power across the separatrix, P sep . Tomographic reconstructions show that P sep is not constant within the entire dataset. Finally, at I p =0.8MA, a significant reduction of the peak heat flux is observed at both targets for both field directions. On the other hand, at I p =0.6MA, a reduction of the peak heat flux is only observed for B T < 0 at the outer target. Additionally, the onset of particle detachment is only observed at the outer target for B T < 0 with I p =0.8MA.
  • Characterisation of divertor detachment onset in JET-ILW hydrogen, deuterium, tritium and deuterium–tritium low-confinement mode plasmas
    (2023-03) Groth, M.; Solokha, V.; Aleiferis, S.; Brezinsek, S.; Brix, M.; Carvalho, I. S.; Carvalho, P.; Corrigan, G.; Harting, D.; Horsten, N.; Jepu, I.; Karhunen, J.; Kirov, K.; Lomanowski, B.; Lawson, K. D.; Lowry, C.; Meigs, A. G.; Menmuir, S.; Pawelec, E.; Pereira, T.; Shaw, A.; Silburn, S.; Thomas, B.; Wiesen, S.; Börner, P.; Borodin, D.; Jachmich, S.; Reiter, D.; Sergienko, G.; Stancar, Z.; Viola, B.; Beaumont, P.; Bernardo, J.; Coffey, I.; Conway, N. J.; de la Luna, E.; Douai, D.; Giroud, C.; Hillesheim, J.; Horvath, L.; Huber, A.; Lomas, P.; Maggi, C. F.; Maslov, M.; Perez von Thun, C.; Scully, S.; Vianello, N.; Wischmeier, M.; , JET Contributors
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Measurements of the ion currents to and plasma conditions at the low-field side (LFS) divertor target plate in low-confinement mode plasmas in the JET ITER-like wall materials configuration show that the core plasma density required to detach the LFS divertor plasma is independent of the hydrogenic species protium, deuterium and tritium, and a 40 %/60 % deuterium–tritium mixture. This observation applies to a divertor plasma configuration with the LFS strike line connected to the horizontal part of the LFS divertor chosen because of its superior diagnostic coverage. The finding is independent of the operational status of the JET cryogenic pump. The electron temperature (Te) at the LFS strike line was markedly reduced from 25 eV to 5 eV over a narrow range of increasing core plasma density, and observed to be between 2 eV and 3 eV at the onset of detachment. The electron density (ne) peaks across the LFS plasma when Te at the target plate is 1 eV, and spatially moves to the X-point for higher core densities. The density limit was found approximately 20 % higher in protium than in tritium and deuterium–tritium plasmas.
  • Comparative H-mode density limit studies in JET and AUG
    (2017-08-01) Huber, A.; Bernert, M.; Brezinsek, S.; Chankin, A. V.; Sergienko, G.; Huber, V.; Wiesen, S.; Abreu, P.; Beurskens, M. N.A.; Boboc, A.; Brix, M.; Calabrò, G.; Carralero, D.; Delabie, E.; Eich, T.; Esser, H. G.; Groth, M.; Guillemaut, C.; Jachmich, S.; Järvinen, A.; Joffrin, E.; Kallenbach, A.; Kruezi, U.; Lang, P.; Linsmeier, Ch; Lowry, C. G.; Maggi, C. F.; Matthews, G. F.; Meigs, A. G.; Mertens, Ph; Reimold, F.; Schweinzer, J.; Sips, G.; Stamp, M.; Viezzer, E.; Wischmeier, M.; Zohm, H.; , JET Contributors
     A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Identification of the mechanisms for the H-mode density limit in machines with fully metallic walls, and their scaling to future devices is essential to find for these machines the optimal operational boundaries with the highest attainable density and confinement. Systematic investigations of H-mode density limit plasmas in experiments with deuterium external gas fuelling have been performed on machines with fully metallic walls, JET and AUG and results have been compared with one another. Basically, the operation phases are identical for both tokamaks: the stable H-mode phase, degrading H-mode phase, breakdown of the H-mode with energy confinement deterioration usually accompanied by a dithering cycling phase, followed by the L-mode phase. The observed H-mode density limit on both machines is found close to the Greenwald limit (n/nGW = 0.8–1.1 in the observed magnetic configurations). The similar behavior of the radiation on both tokamaks demonstrates that the density limit (DL) is neither related to additional energy losses from the confined region by radiation, nor to an inward collapse of the hot discharge core induced by overcooling of the plasma periphery by radiation. It was observed on both machines that detachment, as well as the X-point MARFE itself, does not trigger a transition in the confinement regime and thus does not present a limit on the plasma density. It is the plasma confinement, most likely determined by edge parameters, which is ultimately responsible for the transition from H- to L-mode. The measured Greenwald fractions are found to be consistent with the predictions from different theoretical models [16,30] based on MHD instability theory in the near-SOL.
  • Dependence on plasma shape and plasma fueling for small edge-localized mode regimes in TCV and ASDEX Upgrade
    (2019-06-26) Labit, B.; Eich, T.; Harrer, G. F.; Wolfrum, E.; Bernert, M.; Dunne, M. G.; Frassinetti, L.; Hennequin, P.; Maurizio, R.; Merle, A.; Meyer, H.; Saarelma, S.; Sheikh, U.; Adamek, J.; Agostini, M.; Aguiam, D.; Akers, R.; Albanese, Raffaele; Albert, C.; Alessi, E.; Ambrosino, R.; Andr be, Y.; Angioni, C.; Apruzzese, G.; Aradi, M.; Arnichand, H.; Auriemma, F.; Avdeeva, G.; Ayllon-Guerola, J. M.; Bagnato, F.; Bandaru, V. K.; Barnes, M.; Barrera-Orte, L.; Bettini, P.; Bilato, R.; Biletskyi, O.; Bilkova, P.; Bin, William; Blanchard, P.; Blanken, T.; Bobkov, V.; Bock, A.; Boeyaert, D.; Bogar, K.; Bogar, O.; Bohm, P.; Bolzonella, T.; Bombarda, F.; Boncagni, L.; Bouquey, F.; Bowman, C.; Brezinsek, S.; Brida, D.; Brunetti, D.; Bucalossi, J.; Buchanan, J.; Buermans, J.; Bufferand, H.; Buller, S.; Buratti, P.; Burckhart, A.; Calabr, G.; Calacci, L.; Camenen, Y.; Cannas, B.; Cano Megías, P.; Carnevale, D.; Carpanese, F.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Carraro, L.; Casolari, A.; Cathey, A.; Causa, F.; Cavedon, M.; Cecconello, M.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Cerovsky, J.; Chapman, S.; Chmielewski, P.; Choi, D.; Cianfarani, C.; Ciraolo, G.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Colas, L.; Colette, D.; Cordaro, L.; Cordella, F.; Costea, S.; Coster, D.; Cruz Zabala, D. J.; Cseh, G.; Czarnecka, A.; Cziegler, I.; D'Arcangelo, O.; Dal Molin, A.; David, P.; De Carolis, G.; De Oliveira, H.; Decker, J.; Dejarnac, R.; Delogu, R.; Den Harder, N.; Dimitrova, M.; Dolizy, F.; Domínguez-Palacios Durán, J. J.; Douai, D.; Drenik, A.; Dreval, M.; Dudson, B.; Dunai, D.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Elmore, S.; Embréus, O.; Erds, B.; Fable, E.; Faitsch, M.; Fanni, A.; Farnik, M.; Faust, I.; Faustin, J.; Fedorczak, N.; Felici, F.; Feng, S.; Feng, X.; Ferreira, J.; Ferr, G.; Février, O.; Ficker, O.; Figini, L.; Figueiredo, A.; Fil, A.; Fontana, M.; Francesco, M.; Fuchs, C.; Futatani, S.; Gabellieri, L.; Gadariya, D.; Gahle, D.; Galassi, D.; Gałązka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Galeani, S.; Gallart, D.; Gallo, A.; Galperti, C.; Garavaglia, S.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Lopez, Javier; Garcia-Mu oz, M.; Garzotti, L.; Gath, J.; Geiger, B.; Giacomelli, L.; Giannone, L.; Gibson, S.; Gil, L.; Giovannozzi, E.; Giruzzi, G.; Gobbin, M.; Gonzalez-Martin, J.; Goodman, T. P.; Gorini, G.; Gospodarczyk, M.; Granucci, G.; Grekov, D.; Grenfell, G.; Griener, M.; Groth, M.; Grover, O.; Gruca, M.; Gude, A.; Guimarais, L.; Gyergyek, T.; Hacek, P.; Hakola, A.; Ham, C.; Happel, T.; Harrison, J.; Havranek, A.; Hawke, J.; Henderson, S.; Hesslow, L.; Hitzler, F.; Hnat, B.; Hobirk, J.; Hoelzl, M.; Hogeweij, D.; Hopf, C.; Hoppe, M.; Horacek, J.; Hron, M.; Huang, Z.; Iantchenko, A.; Iglesias, D.; Igochine, V.; Innocente, P.; Ionita-Schrittwieser, C.; Isliker, H.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jacobsen, A.; Jakubowski, M.; Janky, F.; Jardin, A.; Jaulmes, F.; Jensen, T.; Jonsson, T.; Kallenbach, A.; Kappatou, A.; Karpushov, A.; Kasilov, S.; Kazakov, Y.; Kazantzidis, P. V.; Keeling, D.; Kelemen, M.; Kendl, A.; Kernbichler, W.; Kirk, A.; Kocsis, G.; Komm, M.; Kong, M.; Korovin, V.; Koubiti, M.; Kovacic, J.; Krawczyk, N.; Krieger, K.; Kripner, L.; Křivská, A.; Kudlacek, O.; Kulyk, Y.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kwiatkowski, R.; Laggner, F.; Laguardia, L.; Lahtinen, A.; Lang, P.; Likonen, J.; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, Fukun; Lombroni, R.; Lorenzini, R.; Loschiavo, V. P.; Lunt, T.; MacUsova, E.; Madsen, J.; Maggiora, R.; Maljaars, B.; Manas, P.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M. J.; Manz, P.; Maraschek, M.; Marchenko, V.; Marchetto, C.; Mariani, A.; Marini, C.; Markovic, T.; Marrelli, L.; Martin, P.; Martín Solís, J. R.; Martitsch, A.; Mastrostefano, S.; Matos, F.; Matthews, G.; Mayoral, M. L.; Mazon, D.; Mazzotta, C.; Mc Carthy, P.; McClements, K.; McDermott, R.; McMillan, B.; Meineri, C.; Menkovski, V.; Meshcheriakov, D.; Messmer, M.; Micheletti, D.; Milanesio, D.; Militello, F.; Miron, I. G.; Mlynar, J.; Moiseenko, V.; Molina Cabrera, P. A.; Morales, J.; Moret, J. M.; Moro, A.; Moulton, D.; Nabais, F.; Naulin, V.; Naydenkova, D.; Nem, R. D.; Nespoli, F.; Newton, S.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nielsen, S. K.; Nikolaeva, V.; Nocente, M.; Nowak, S.; Oberkofler, M.; Ochoukov, R.; Ollus, P.; Olsen, J.; Omotani, J.; Ongena, J.; Orain, F.; Orsitto, F. P.; Paccagnella, R.; Palha, A.; Panaccione, L.; Panek, R.; Panjan, M.; Papp, G.; Paradela Perez, I.; Parra, F.; Passeri, M.; Pau, A.; Pautasso, G.; Pavlichenko, R.; Perek, A.; Pericoli Radolfini, V.; Pesamosca, F.; Peterka, M.; Petrzilka, V.; Piergotti, V.; Pigatto, L.; Piovesan, P.; Piron, C.; Piron, L.; Plyusnin, V.; Pokol, G.; Poli, E.; Pölöskei, P.; Popov, T.; Popovic, Z.; Pór, G.; Porte, L.; Pucella, G.; Puiatti, M. E.; Pütterich, T.; Rabinski, M.; Juul Rasmussen, J.; Rasmussen, J.; Rattá, G. A.; Ratynskaia, S.; Ravensbergen, T.; Réfy, D.; Reich, M.; Reimerdes, H.; Reimold, F.; Reiser, D.; Reux, C.; Reznik, S.; Ricci, D.; Rispoli, N.; Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F.; Rocchi, G.; Rodriguez-Ramos, M.; Romano, A.; Rosato, J.; Rubinacci, G.; Rubino, G.; Ryan, D. A.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Samaddar, D.; Sanchis-Sanchez, L.; Santos, J.; Särkimäki, K.; Sassano, M.; Sauter, O.; Scannell, R.; Scheffer, M.; Schneider, B. S.; Schneider, P.; Schrittwieser, R.; Schubert, M.; Seidl, J.; Seliunin, E.; Sharapov, S.; Sheeba, R. R.; Sias, G.; Sieglin, B.; Silva, C.; Sipilä, S.; Smith, S.; Snicker, A.; Solano, E. R.; Hansen, S. K.; Soria-Hoyo, C.; Sorokovoy, E.; Sozzi, C.; Sperduti, A.; Spizzo, G.; Spolaore, M.; Stejner, M.; Stipani, L.; Stober, J.; Strand, P.; Sun, H.; Suttrop, W.; Sytnykov, D.; Szepesi, T.; Tál, B.; Tala, T.; Tardini, G.; Tardocchi, M.; Teplukhina, A.; Terranova, D.; Testa, D.; Theiler, C.; Thorén, E.; Thornton, A.; Tilia, B.; Tolias, P.; Tomes, M.; Toscano-Jimenez, M.; Tsironis, C.; Tsui, C.; Tudisco, O.; Urban, J.; Valisa, M.; Vallar, M.; Vallejos Olivares, P.; Valovic, M.; Van Vugt, D.; Vanovac, B.; Varje, J.; Varju, J.; Varoutis, S.; Vartanian, S.; Vasilovici, O.; Vega, J.; Verdoolaege, G.; Verhaegh, K.; Vermare, L.; Vianello, Nicola; Vicente, J.; Viezzer, E.; Villone, F.; Voitsekhovitch, I.; Voltolina, D.; Vondracek, P.; Vu, N. M.T.; Walkden, N.; Wauters, T.; Weiland, M.; Weinzettl, V.; Wensing, M.; Wiesen, S.; Wiesenberger, M.; Wilkie, G.; Willensdorfer, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Wu, K.; Xiang, L.; Zagorski, R.; Zaloga, D.; Zanca, P.; Zaplotnik, R.; Zebrowski, J.; Zhang, Wei; Zisis, A.; Zoletnik, S.; Zuin, M.; Wu, Kai
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Within the EUROfusion MST1 work package, a series of experiments has been conducted on AUG and TCV devices to disentangle the role of plasma fueling and plasma shape for the onset of small ELM regimes. On both devices, small ELM regimes with high confinement are achieved if and only if two conditions are fulfilled at the same time. Firstly, the plasma density at the separatrix must be large enough (ne,sep/nG ∼ 0.3), leading to a pressure profile flattening at the separatrix, which stabilizes type-I ELMs. Secondly, the magnetic configuration has to be close to a double null (DN), leading to a reduction of the magnetic shear in the extreme vicinity of the separatrix. As a consequence, its stabilizing effect on ballooning modes is weakened.
  • Impact of drifts in the ASDEX upgrade upper open divertor using SOLPS-ITER
    (2020-06) Paradela Pérez, I.; Groth, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Coster, D.; Brida, D.; David, P.; Silvagni, D.; Faitsch, M.; , ASDEX Upgrade Team; , EUROfusion MST1 Team
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    SOLPS-ITER L-mode-like simulations with the full set of currents and drift velocities activated, and fluid neutrals have been carried out to interpret experimental results obtained in AUG. Drifts are critical to quantitatively reproduce the experimental results; however, simulations without drifts can also reproduce some trends qualitatively. The magnitude and dependence of the peak heat flux onto both targets on the upstream collisionality are, in general, in quantitative agreement within uncertainties with infrared thermography measurements in favourable field direction. The onset of power detachment is observed. In unfavourable toroidal field direction, a more symmetrical inner/outer target solution with regards to the power distribution is predicted, in agreement with experimental observations. However, also in unfavourable toroidal field direction, insufficient power is dissipated in the simulations and therefore qpeak, inn is overpredicted by up to a factor of 4 and qpeak, out by up to a factor of 1.5. The largest contribution to the sources due to radial transport in the energy balance equation is the radial divergence of the energy flux due to VE × B.
  • Impact of the JET ITER-like wall on H-mode plasma fueling
    (2017-04-26) Wiesen, S.; Brezinsek, S.; Wischmeier, M.; De La Luna, E; Groth, M.; Jaervinen, A. E.; de la Cal, E.; Losada, U.; Martin de Aguilera, A.; Frassinetti, L; Gao, Y.; Guillemaut, C.; Harting, D.; Meigs, A; Schmid, K; Sergienko, G.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    JET ITER-like wall (ILW) experiments show that the edge density evolution is strongly linked with the poloidal distribution of the ionization source. The fueling profile in the JET-ILW is more delocalized as compared to JET-C (JET with carbon-based plasma-facing components PFCs). Compared to JET-C the H-mode pedestal fueling cycle is dynamically influenced by a combination of plasma-wall interaction features, in particular: (1) edge-localized modes (ELMs) induced energetic particles are kinetically reflected on W divertor PFCs leading to distributed refueling away from the divertor depending on the divertor plasma configuration, (2) delayed molecular re-emission and outgassing of particles being trapped in W PFCs (bulk-W at the high field side and W-coated CFCs at the low field side) with different fuel content and (3) outgassing from Be co-deposits located on top of the high-field side baffle region shortly after the ELM. In view of the results of a set of well diagnosed series of JET-ILW type-I ELMy H-mode discharges with good statistics, the aforementioned effects are discussed in view of H-mode pedestal fueling capacity. The ongoing modelling activities with the focus on coupled core-edge plasma simulations and plasma-wall interaction are described and discussed also in view of possible code improvements required.
  • Numerical modelling of an enhanced perpendicular transport regime in the scrape-off layer of ASDEX Upgrade
    (2021-07) Zito, A.; Wischmeier, M.; Carralero, D.; Manz, P.; Pérez, I. Paradela; Passoni, M.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    A desirable scenario for future fusion devices is one in which dissipative processes in the scrape-off layer (SOL) are maximized, aiming to detach the divertor plasma. The access to such a regime in current devices is thought to be correlated to the increase of the perpendicular particle transport in the SOL. In this work we investigated numerically how increasing perpendicular transport globally affects the SOL plasma through the SOLPS-ITER code package. For this we modelled one L-mode discharge, performed at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak, trying to obtain the most accurate fit to the experimental data at the outer midplane. Studying the plasma solutions and analyzing the resulting momentum and power balances in the SOL allowed to characterize how enhancing perpendicular SOL transport leads to the experimentally observed phenomena, i.e. the formation of a density shoulder at the midplane and the partial detachment of the divertor plasma. The results suggest that strong momentum losses caused by the increase of transport are able to explain the qualitatively observed detachment in the modelled discharge. The concurrent enhanced ionization of neutrals resulting from divertor recycling, triggered by an increase of radial energy transport in the SOL, can be invoked as a cause for the shoulder formation.
  • On the role of finite grid extent in SOLPS-ITER edge plasma simulations for JET H-mode discharges with metallic wall
    (2018-12-01) Wiesen, S.; Brezinsek, S.; Bonnin, X.; Delabie, E.; Frassinetti, L.; Groth, M.; Guillemaut, C.; Harrison, J.; Harting, D.; Henderson, S.; Huber, A.; Kruezi, U.; Pitts, R. A.; Wischmeier, M.; , JET Contributors
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The impact of the finite grid size in SOLPS-ITER edge plasma simulations is assessed for JET H-mode discharges with a metal wall. For a semi-horizontal divertor configuration it is shown that the separatrix density is at least 30% higher when a narrow scrape-off layer (SOL) grid width is chosen in SOLPS-ITER compared to the case for which the SOL grid width is maximised. The density increase is caused by kinetic neutrals being not confined inside the divertor region because of the reduced extent of the plasma grid. In this case, an enhanced level of reflections of energetic neutrals at the low-field side (LFS) metal divertor wall is observed. This leads to a shift of the ionisation source further upstream which must be accounted for as a numerical artefact. An overestimate in the cooling at the divertor entrance is observed in this case, identified by a reduced heat flux decay parameters λq div. Otherwise and further upstream the mid-plane heat decay length λq parameter is not affected by any change in divertor dissipation. This confirms the assumptions made for the ITER divertor design studies, i.e. that λq upstream is essentially set by the assumptions for the ratio radial to parallel heat conductivity. It is also shown that even for attached conditions the decay length relations λne > λTe > λq hold in the near-SOL upstream. Thus for interpretative edge plasma simulations one must take the (experimental) value of λne into account, rather than λq, as the former actually defines the required minimum upstream SOL grid extent.
  • Overview of ASDEX Upgrade results
    (2017-10) Aguiam, D.; Aho-Mantila, L.; Angioni, C.; Arden, N.; Parra, R. Arredondo; Asunta, O.; de Baar, M.; Balden, M.; Behler, K.; Bergmann, A.; Bernardo, J.; Bernert, M.; Beurskens, M.; Biancalani, A.; Bilato, R.; Birkenmeier, G.; Bobkov, V.; Bock, A.; Bogomolov, A.; Bolzonella, T.; Boeswirth, B.; Bottereau, C.; Bottino, A.; van den Brand, H.; Brezinsek, S.; Brida, D.; Brochard, F.; Bruhn, C.; Buchanan, J.; Buhler, A.; Burckhart, A.; Cambon-Silva, D.; Camenen, Y.; Carvalho, P.; Carrasco, G.; Cazzaniga, C.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Casali, L.; Castaldo, C.; Cavedon, M.; Challis, C.; Chankin, A.; Chapman, I.; Clairet, F.; Classen, I.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Coenen, J. W.; Colas, L.; Conway, G.; Costea, S.; Coster, D. P.; Croci, G.; Cseh, G.; Czarnecka, A.; D'Arcangelo, O.; Day, C.; Delogu, R.; de Marne, P.; Denk, S.; Denner, P.; Dibon, M.; D'Inca, R.; Di Siena, A.; Douai, D.; Drenik, A.; Drube, R.; Dunne, M.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Eich, T.; Elgeti, S.; Engelhardt, K.; Erdos, B.; Erofeev, I.; Esposito, B.; Fable, E.; Faitsch, M.; Fantz, U.; Faugel, H.; Felici, F.; Fietz, S.; Figueredo, A.; Fischer, R.; Ford, O.; Frassinetti, L.; Freethy, S.; Froeschle, M.; Fuchert, G.; Fuchs, J. C.; Fuenfgelder, H.; Galazka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Gallo, A.; Gao, Y.; Garavaglia, S.; Garcia-Munoz, M.; Geiger, B.; Cianfarani, C.; Giannone, L.; Giovannozzi, E.; Gleason-Gonzalez, C.; Gloeggler, S.; Gobbin, M.; Goerler, T.; Goodman, T.; Gorini, G.; Gradic, D.; Graeter, A.; Granucci, G.; Greuner, H.; Griener, M.; Groth, M.; Gude, A.; Guenter, S.; Guimarais, L.; Haas, G.; Hakola, A. H.; Ham, C.; Happel, T.; Harrison, J.; Hatch, D.; Hauer, V.; Hayward, T.; Heinemann, B.; Heinzel, S.; Hellsten, T.; Henderson, S.; Hennequin, P.; Herrmann, A.; Heyn, E.; Hitzler, F.; Hobirk, J.; Hoelzl, M.; Hoeschen, T.; Holm, J. H.; Hopf, C.; Hoppe, F.; Horvath, L.; Houben, A.; Huber, A.; Igochine, V.; Ilkei, T.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jacob, W.; Jacobsen, A. S.; Jacquot, J.; Janky, F.; Jardin, A.; Jaulmes, F.; Jenko, F.; Jensen, T.; Joffrin, E.; Kaesemann, C.; Kallenbach, A.; Kalvin, S.; Kantor, M.; Kappatou, A.; Kardaun, O.; Karhunen, J.; Kasilov, S.; Kernbichler, W.; Kim, D.; Kimmig, S.; Kirk, A.; Klingshirn, H. -J.; Koch, F.; Kocsis, G.; Koehn, A.; Kraus, M.; Krieger, K.; Krivska, A.; Kraemr-Flecken, A.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kurzan, B.; Lackner, K.; Laggner, F.; Lang, P. T.; Lauber, P.; Lazanyi, N.; Lazaros, A.; Lebschy, A.; Li, L.; Li, M.; Liang, Y.; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, Y.; Lohs, A.; Luhmann, N. C.; Lunt, T.; Lyssoivan, A.; Madsen, J.; Maier, H.; Maj, O.; Mailloux, J.; Maljaars, E.; Manas, P.; Mancini, A.; Manhard, A.; Manso, M. -E.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M.; Manz, P.; Maraschek, M.; Martens, C.; Martin, P.; Marrelli, L.; Martitsch, A.; Mastrostefano, S.; Mayer, A.; Mayer, M.; Mazon, D.; McCarthy, P. J.; McDermott, R.; Meisl, G.; Meister, H.; Medvedeva, A.; Merkel, P.; Merkel, R.; Merle, A.; Mertens, V.; Meshcheriakov, D.; Meyer, H.; Meyer, O.; Miettunen, J.; Milanesio, D.; Mink, F.; Mlynek, A.; Monaco, F.; Moon, C.; Nazikian, R.; Nemes-Czopf, A.; Neu, G.; Neu, R.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nielsen, S. K.; Nikolaeva, V.; Nocente, M.; Noterdaeme, J. -M.; Nowak, S.; Oberkofler, M.; Oberparleiter, M.; Ochoukov, R.; Odstrcil, T.; Olsen, J.; Orain, F.; Palermo, F.; Papp, G.; Perez, I. Paradela; Pautasso, G.; Enzel, F.; Petersson, P.; Pinzon, J.; Piovesan, P.; Piron, C.; Plaum, B.; Ploeckl, B.; Plyusnin, V.; Pokol, G.; Poli, E.; Porte, L.; Potzel, S.; Prisiazhniuk, D.; Puetterich, T.; Ramisch, M.; Rapson, C.; Rasmussen, J.; Raupp, G.; Refy, D.; Reich, M.; Reimold, F.; Ribeiro, T.; Riedl, R.; Rittich, D.; Rocchi, G.; Rodriguez-Ramos, M.; Rohde, V.; Ross, A.; Rott, M.; Rubel, M.; Ryan, D.; Ryter, F.; Saarelma, S.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Sanchis-Sanchez, L.; Santos, G.; Santos, J.; Sauter, O.; Scarabosio, A.; Schall, G.; Schmid, K.; Schmitz, O.; Schneider, P. A.; Schneller, M.; Schrittwieser, R.; Schubert, M.; Schwarz-Selinger, T.; Schweinzer, J.; Scott, B.; Sehmer, T.; Sertoli, M.; Shabbir, A.; Shalpegin, A.; Shao, L.; Sharapov, S.; Siccinio, M.; Sieglin, B.; Sigalov, A.; Silva, A.; Silva, C.; Simon, P.; Simpson, J.; Snicker, A.; Sommariva, C.; Sozzi, C.; Spolaore, M.; Stejner, M.; Stober, J.; Stobbe, F.; Stroth, U.; Strumberger, E.; Suarez, G.; Sugiyama, K.; Sun, H. -J.; Suttrop, W.; Szepesi, T.; Tal, B.; Tala, T.; Tardini, G.; Tardocchi, M.; Terranova, D.; Tierens, W.; Told, D.; Tudisco, O.; Trevisan, G.; Treutterer, W.; Trier, E.; Tripsky, M.; Valisa, M.; Valovic, M.; Vanovac, B.; Varela, P.; Varoutis, S.; Verdoolaege, G.; Vezinet, D.; Vianello, N.; Vicente, J.; Vierle, T.; Viezzer, E.; von Toussaint, U.; Wagner, D.; Wang, N.; Wang, X.; Weidl, M.; Weiland, M.; White, A. E.; Willensdorfer, M.; Wiringer, B.; Wischmeier, M.; Wolf, R.; Wolfrum, E.; Xiang, L.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Z.; Yu, Q.; Zagorski, R.; Zammuto, I.; Zarzoso, D.; Zhang, W.; van Zeeland, M.; Zehetbauer, T.; Zilker, M.; Zoletnik, S.; Zohm, H.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme is directed towards physics input to critical elements of the ITER design and the preparation of ITER operation, as well as addressing physics issues for a future DEMO design. Since 2015, AUG is equipped with a new pair of 3-strap ICRF antennas, which were designed for a reduction of tungsten release during ICRF operation. As predicted, a factor two reduction on the ICRF-induced W plasma content could be achieved by the reduction of the sheath voltage at the antenna limiters via the compensation of the image currents of the central and side straps in the antenna frame. There are two main operational scenario lines in AUG. Experiments with low collisionality, which comprise current drive, ELM mitigation/suppression and fast ion physics, are mainly done with freshly boronized walls to reduce the tungsten influx at these high edge temperature conditions. Full ELM suppression and non-inductive operation up to a plasma current of I-p = 0.8 MA could be obtained at low plasma density. Plasma exhaust is studied under conditions of high neutral divertor pressure and separatrix electron density, where a fresh boronization is not required. Substantial progress could be achieved for the understanding of the confinement degradation by strong D puffing and the improvement with nitrogen or carbon seeding. Inward/outward shifts of the electron density profile relative to the temperature profile effect the edge stability via the pressure profile changes and lead to improved/decreased pedestal performance. Seeding and D gas puffing are found to effect the core fueling via changes in a region of high density on the high field side (HFSHD). The integration of all above mentioned operational scenarios will be feasible and naturally obtained in a large device where the edge is more opaque for neutrals and higher plasma temperatures provide a lower collisionality. The combination of exhaust control with pellet fueling has been successfully demonstrated. High divertor enrichment values of nitrogen E-N >= 10 have been obtained during pellet injection, which is a prerequisite for the simultaneous achievement of good core plasma purity and high divertor radiation levels. Impurity accumulation observed in the all-metal AUG device caused by the strong neoclassical inward transport of tungsten in the pedestal is expected to be relieved by the higher neoclassical temperature screening in larger devices.
  • Overview of physics studies on ASDEX Upgrade
    (2019-07-22) Meyer, H.; Angioni, C.; Albert, C. G.; Arden, Nils; Arredondo Parra, R.; Asunta, O.; De Baar, M.; Balden, M.; Bandaru, V.; Behler, K.; Bergmann, A.; Bernardo, J.; Bernert, M.; Biancalani, A.; Bilato, R.; Birkenmeier, G.; Blanken, T. C.; Bobkov, V.; Bock, A.; Bolzonella, T.; Bortolon, A.; Böswirth, B.; Bottereau, C.; Bottino, A.; Van Den Brand, H.; Brezinsek, S.; Brida, D.; Brochard, F.; Bruhn, C.; Buchanan, J.; Buhler, A.; Burckhart, A.; Camenen, Y.; Carlton, D.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Castaldo, C.; Cavedon, M.; Cazzaniga, C.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Challis, C.; Chankin, A.; Chapman, S.; Cianfarani, C.; Clairet, F.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Coenen, J. W.; Colas, L.; Conway, G. D.; Costea, S.; Coster, D. P.; Cote, T. B.; Creely, A.; Croci, G.; Cseh, G.; Czarnecka, A.; Cziegler, I.; D'Arcangelo, O.; David, P.; Day, C.; Delogu, R.; De Marné, P.; Denk, S. S.; Denner, P.; Dibon, M.; Di Siena, A.; Douai, D.; Drenik, A.; Drube, R.; Dunne, M.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Eich, T.; Elgeti, S.; Engelhardt, K.; Erdös, B.; Erofeev, I.; Esposito, B.; Fable, E.; Faitsch, M.; Fantz, U.; Faugel, H.; Faust, I.; Felici, F.; Ferreira, J.; Fietz, S.; Figuereido, A.; Fischer, R.; Ford, O.; Frassinetti, L.; Freethy, S.; Fröschle, M.; Fuchert, G.; Fuchs, J. C.; Fünfgelder, H.; Galazka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Gallo, A.; Gao, Y.; Garavaglia, S.; Garcia-Carrasco, A.; Garcia-Munoz, M.; Geiger, B.; Giannone, L.; Gil, L.; Giovannozzi, E.; Gleason-González, C.; Glöggler, S.; Gobbin, M.; Görler, T.; Gomez Ortiz, I.; Gonzalez Martin, J.; Goodman, T.; Gorini, G.; Gradic, D.; Grater, A.; Granucci, G.; Greuner, H.; Griener, M.; Groth, M.; Gude, A.; Günter, Sibylle; Guimarais, L.; Haas, G.; Hakola, A. H.; Ham, C.; Happel, T.; Den Harder, N.; Harrer, G. F.; Harrison, J.; Hauer, V.; Hayward-Schneider, T.; Hegna, C. C.; Heinemann, B.; Heinzel, S.; Hellsten, T.; Henderson, S.; Hennequin, P.; Herrmann, A.; Heyn, M. F.; Heyn, E.; Hitzler, F.; Hobirk, J.; Höfler, K.; Hölzl, M.; Höschen, T.; Holm, J. H.; Hopf, C.; Hornsby, W. A.; Horvath, L.; Houben, A.; Huber, A.; Igochine, V.; Ilkei, T.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jacob, W.; Jacobsen, A. S.; Janky, F.; Jansen Van Vuuren, A.; Jardin, A.; Jaulmes, F.; Jenko, F.; Jensen, T.; Joffrin, E.; Kasemann, C. P.; Kallenbach, A.; Kálvin, S.; Kantor, M.; Kappatou, A.; Kardaun, O.; Karhunen, J.; Kasilov, S.; Kazakov, Y.; Kernbichler, W.; Kirk, A.; Kjer Hansen, S.; Klevarova, V.; Kocsis, G.; Köhn, A.; Koubiti, M.; Krieger, K.; Krivska, A.; Kramer-Flecken, A.; Kudlacek, O.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kurzan, B.; Labit, B.; Lackner, K.; Laggner, F.; Lang, P. T.; Lauber, P.; Lebschy, A.; Leuthold, N.; Li, M.; Linder, O.; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, Fukun; Liu, Y. Q.; Lohs, A.; Lu, Z.; Luda Di Cortemiglia, T.; Luhmann, N. C.; Lunsford, R.; Lunt, T.; Lyssoivan, A.; Maceina, T.; Madsen, J.; Maggiora, R.; Maier, H.; Maj, O.; Mailloux, J.; Maingi, R.; Maljaars, E.; Manas, P.; Mancini, A.; Manhard, A.; Manso, M. E.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M.; Manz, P.; Maraschek, M.; Martens, C.; Martin, P.; Marrelli, L.; Martitsch, A.; Mayer, M.; Mazon, D.; McCarthy, P. J.; McDermott, R.; Meister, H.; Medvedeva, A.; Merkel, R.; Merle, A.; Mertens, V.; Meshcheriakov, D.; Meyer, O.; Miettunen, J.; Milanesio, D.; Mink, F.; Mlynek, A.; Monaco, F.; Moon, C.; Nabais, F.; Nemes-Czopf, A.; Neu, G.; Neu, R.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nielsen, S. K.; Nikolaeva, V.; Nocente, M.; Noterdaeme, J. M.; Novikau, I.; Nowak, S.; Oberkofler, M.; Oberparleiter, M.; Ochoukov, R.; Odstrcil, T.; Olsen, J.; Orain, F.; Palermo, F.; Pan, O.; Papp, G.; Paradela Perez, I.; Pau, A.; Pautasso, G.; Penzel, F.; Petersson, P.; Pinzón Acosta, J.; Piovesan, P.; Piron, C.; Pitts, R.; Plank, U.; Plaum, B.; Ploeckl, B.; Plyusnin, V.; Pokol, G.; Poli, E.; Porte, L.; Potzel, S.; Prisiazhniuk, D.; Pütterich, T.; Ramisch, M.; Rasmussen, J.; Rattá, G. A.; Ratynskaia, S.; Raupp, G.; Ravera, G. L.; Réfy, D.; Reich, M.; Reimold, F.; Reiser, D.; Ribeiro, T.; Riesch, J.; Riedl, R.; Rittich, D.; Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F.; Rocchi, G.; Rodriguez-Ramos, M.; Rohde, V.; Ross, A.; Rott, M.; Rubel, M.; Ryan, D.; Ryter, F.; Saarelma, S.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Sanchis-Sanchez, L.; Santos, J.; Sauter, O.; Scarabosio, A.; Schall, G.; Schmid, K.; Schmitz, O.; Schneider, P. A.; Schrittwieser, R.; Schubert, M.; Schwarz-Selinger, T.; Schweinzer, J.; Scott, B.; Sehmer, T.; Seliunin, E.; Sertoli, M.; Shabbir, A.; Shalpegin, A.; Shao, Linming; Sharapov, S.; Sias, G.; Siccinio, M.; Sieglin, B.; Sigalov, A.; Silva, A.; Silva, C.; Silvagni, D.; Simon, P.; Simpson, J.; Smigelskis, E.; Snicker, A.; Sommariva, C.; Sozzi, C.; Spolaore, M.; Stegmeir, A.; Stejner, M.; Stober, J.; Stroth, U.; Strumberger, E.; Suarez, G.; Sun, H. J.; Suttrop, W.; Sytova, E.; Szepesi, T.; Tál, B.; Tala, T.; Tardini, G.; Tardocchi, M.; Teschke, M.; Terranova, D.; Tierens, W.; Thorén, E.; Told, D.; Tolias, P.; Tudisco, O.; Treutterer, W.; Trier, E.; Tripský, M.; Valisa, M.; Valovic, M.; Vanovac, B.; Van Vugt, D.; Varoutis, S.; Verdoolaege, G.; Vianello, N.; Vicente, J.; Vierle, T.; Viezzer, E.; Von Toussaint, U.; Wagner, D.; Wang, N.; Wang, Xianqu; Weiland, M.; White, A. E.; Wiesen, S.; Willensdorfer, M.; Wiringer, B.; Wischmeier, M.; Wolf, R.; Wolfrum, E.; Xiang, L.; Yang, Q.; Yang, Z.; Yu, Q.; Zagórski, R.; Zammuto, I.; Zhang, Wei; Van Zeeland, M.; Zehetbauer, T.; Zilker, M.; Zoletnik, S.; Zohm, H.
     A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) programme, jointly run with the EUROfusion MST1 task force, continues to significantly enhance the physics base of ITER and DEMO. Here, the full tungsten wall is a key asset for extrapolating to future devices. The high overall heating power, flexible heating mix and comprehensive diagnostic set allows studies ranging from mimicking the scrape-off-layer and divertor conditions of ITER and DEMO at high density to fully non-inductive operation (q 95 = 5.5, ) at low density. Higher installed electron cyclotron resonance heating power 6 MW, new diagnostics and improved analysis techniques have further enhanced the capabilities of AUG. Stable high-density H-modes with MW m-1 with fully detached strike-points have been demonstrated. The ballooning instability close to the separatrix has been identified as a potential cause leading to the H-mode density limit and is also found to play an important role for the access to small edge-localized modes (ELMs). Density limit disruptions have been successfully avoided using a path-oriented approach to disruption handling and progress has been made in understanding the dissipation and avoidance of runaway electron beams. ELM suppression with resonant magnetic perturbations is now routinely achieved reaching transiently . This gives new insight into the field penetration physics, in particular with respect to plasma flows. Modelling agrees well with plasma response measurements and a helically localised ballooning structure observed prior to the ELM is evidence for the changed edge stability due to the magnetic perturbations. The impact of 3D perturbations on heat load patterns and fast-ion losses have been further elaborated. Progress has also been made in understanding the ELM cycle itself. Here, new fast measurements of and E r allow for inter ELM transport analysis confirming that E r is dominated by the diamagnetic term even for fast timescales. New analysis techniques allow detailed comparison of the ELM crash and are in good agreement with nonlinear MHD modelling. The observation of accelerated ions during the ELM crash can be seen as evidence for the reconnection during the ELM. As type-I ELMs (even mitigated) are likely not a viable operational regime in DEMO studies of 'natural' no ELM regimes have been extended. Stable I-modes up to have been characterised using -feedback. Core physics has been advanced by more detailed characterisation of the turbulence with new measurements such as the eddy tilt angle - measured for the first time - or the cross-phase angle of and fluctuations. These new data put strong constraints on gyro-kinetic turbulence modelling. In addition, carefully executed studies in different main species (H, D and He) and with different heating mixes highlight the importance of the collisional energy exchange for interpreting energy confinement. A new regime with a hollow profile now gives access to regimes mimicking aspects of burning plasma conditions and lead to nonlinear interactions of energetic particle modes despite the sub-Alfvénic beam energy. This will help to validate the fast-ion codes for predicting ITER and DEMO.
  • Overview of progress in European medium sized tokamaks towards an integrated plasma-edge/wall solution
    (2017-06-28) Meyer, H; Eich, T.; Beurskens, M.; Coda, S; Hakola, A.; Martin, P; Adamek, J.; Agostini, M.; Aguiam, D.; Ahn, J; Aho-Mantila, L.; Akers, R.; Albanese, Raffaele; Aledda, R.; Alessi, E.; Allan, S.Y.; Alves, D.; Ambrosino, R.; Amicucci, L.; Anand, H.; Anastassiou, G.; Andrèbe, Y.; Angioni, C; Apruzzese, G.; Ariola, M.; Arnichand, H.; Arter, W.; Baciero, A.; Barnes, M.; Barrera, L.; Behn, R.; Bencze, A.; Bernardo, J; Bernert, M; Bettini, P.; Bilková, P.; Craig, W. W.; Birkenmeier, G; Bizarro, J. P. S.; Blanchard, P.; Blanken, T.; Bluteau, M.; Bobkov, V; Bogar, O.; Böhm, P.; Bolzonella, T; Boncagni, L.; Botrugno, A.; Bottereau, C; Bouquey, F.; Bourdelle, C.; Brémond, S.; Brezinsek, S; Brida, D.; Brochard, F; Buchanan, J.; Bufferand, H.; Buratti, P.; Cahyna, P.; Calabrò, G.; Camenen, Y; Caniello, R.; Cannas, B.; Canton, A.; Cardinali, A.; Carnevale, D.; Carr, C. M.; Carralero, D; Carvalho, P; Casali, L; Castaldo, C.; Castejón, F.; Castro, R.; Causa, F.; Cavazzana, R.; Cavedon, M; Cecconello, M.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Cesario, R.; Challis, C D.; Chapman, I.T.; Chapman, C.S.; Chernyshova, M.; Choi, D.; Cianfarani, C.; Ciraolo, G.; Citrin, J.; Clairet, F; Classen, I; Coelho, R.; Coenen, J.W.; Colas, L; Conway, G; Corre, Y.; Costea, S; Crisanti, F.; Navarro de la Cruz, Mariano; Cseh, G; Czarnecka, A; "D'Arcangelo", O.; De Angeli, M.; De Masi, G.; De Temmerman, G.; De Tommasi, G.; Decker, Joan; Delogu, R. S.; Dendy, R.; Denner, P; Di Troia, C.; Dimitrova, M.; "D'Inca", R; Dorić, V.; Douai, D; Drenik, A.; Dudson, B.; Dunai, D.; Dunne, M; Duval, B. P.; Easy, L.; Elmore, S.; Erdös, B.; Esposito, B; Fable, E; Faitsch, M.; Fanni, A.; Fedorczak, N.; Felici, F; Ferreira, J.; Février, O.; Ficker, O.; Fietz, S; Figini, L.; Figueiredo, A.; Fil, A.; Fishpool, G.; Fitzgerald, M.; Fontana, M.; Ford, O; Frassinetti, L.; Fridström, R.; Frigione, D.; Fuchert, G; Fuchs, C.; Furno-Palumbo, M.; Futatani, S.; Gabellieri, L.; Gałazka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Galeani, S.; Gallart, D.; Gallo, Ariana; Galperti, Cristian; Gao, Y.; Garavaglia, S; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Carrasco, A.; Garcia Lopez, Javier; Garcia-Munoz, M; Gardarein, J. L.; Garzotti, L.; Gaspar, J.; Gauthier, E.; Geelen, P.; Geiger, B.; Ghendrih, P; Ghezzi, Francesco; Giacomelli, L; Giannone, L; Giovannozzi, E; Giroud, C.; Gleason González, C.; Gobbin, M.; Goodman, T.P.; Gorini, G.; Gospodarczyk, M.; Granucci, G; Gruber, M.; Gude, A; Guimarais, L; Guirlet, R; Gunn, J.P.; Hacek, P.; Hacquin, S.; Hall, P S; Ham, C.; Happel, T; Harrison, J; Harting, D.; Hauer, V; Havlickova, E.; Hellsten, T; Helou, W.; Henderson, S.; Hennequin, P; Heyn, M.F.; Hnat, B.; Hölzl, M.; Hogeweij, G.M.D.; Honoré, C.; Hopf, C; Horáček, J.; Hornung, G.; Csurgai-Horváth, László; Huang, Z.; Huber, A; Igitkhanov, J.; Igochine, V; Imrisek, M.; Innocente, P.; Ionita-Schrittwieser, C.; Isliker, H.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jacobsen, A. S.; Jacquet, P.; Jakubowski, M.; Jardin, A.; Jaulmes, F; Jenko, F; Jensen, T; Jeppe Miki Busk, O.; Jessen, M.; Joffrin, E; Jones, Robert O.; Jonsson, T.; Kallenbach, A.; Kallinikos, N.; Kálvin, S.; Kappatou, A; Karhunen, J.; Karpushov, A.; Kasilov, S.; Kasprowicz, G.; Kendl, A.; Kernbichler, Winfried; Kim, D.; Kirk, A; Kjer, S.; Klimek, I.; Kocsis, G; Kogut, D; Komm, M.; Korsholm, S.B.; Koslowski, H.R.; Koubiti, M; Kovacic, J.; Kovarik, K.; Krawczyk, N.; Krbec, J.; Krieger, K.; Krivska, A; Kube, R.; Kudlacek, O.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Labit, B.; Laggner, F. M.; Laguardia, L.; Lahtinen, A.; Lalousis, P.; Lang, P.; Lauber, P; Lazányi, N.; Lazaros, A; Le, H. B.; Lebschy, A; Leddy, J.; Lefévre, L.; Lehnen, M.; Leipold, F.; Lessig, A.; Leyland, M.; Li, L.; Liang, Y.; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, Y. Q.; Loarer, T.; Loarte, A.; Loewenhoff, T.; Lomanowski, B.; Loschiavo, V. P.; Lunt, T; Lupelli, I.; Lux, H.; Lyssoivan, A; Madsen, J; Maget, P.; Maggi, C.; Maggiora, R.; Magnussen, M. L.; Mailloux, J.; Maljaars, B.; Malygin, Anatoly; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M; Maraschek, M; Marchand, B.; Marconato, N.; Marini, C.; Marinucci, M.; Markovic, T.; Marocco, D.; Marrelli, Lionello; Martin, Y.; Martin-Solis, J. R.; Martitsch, A.; Mastrostefano, S.; Mattei, M.; Matthews, G.; Mavridis, M.; Mayoral, M.-L.; Mazon, D; McCarthy, P.; McAdams, R.; McArdle, G.; McClements, K.; McDermott, R; McMillan, Ben; Meisl, G.; Merle, A.; Meyer, O; Milanesio, D; Militello, F.; Miron, I. G.; Mitosinkova, K.; Mlynar, J.; Mlynek, A; Molina Hurtado, Daniel; Molina, P.; Monakhov, I.; Morales, José A.; Moreau, D.; Morel, Kaj P.N.; Moret, J. M.; Moro, A; Moulton, D.; Müller, H.W.; Nabais, F; Nardon, E.; Naulin, V.; Nemes-Czopf, A; Nespoli, F.; Neu, R; Nielsen, A.H.; Nielsen, Stefan Kragh; Nikolaeva, V; Nimb, S.; Nocente, M.; Nouailletas, R.; Nowak, S; Oberkofler, M.; Oberparleiter, M.; Ochoukov, R; Odstrčil, T.; Olsen, J.; Omotani, J.; "O'Mullane", M.G.; Orain, F.; Osterman, N.; Paccagnella, R.; Pamela, S.; Pangione, L.; Panjan, M.; Papp, G; Papřok, R.; Parail, V; Parra, F.I.; Pau, A; Pautasso, G; Pehkonen, S. P.; Pereira, Antonio; Perelli-Cippo, E.; Pericoli-Ridolfini, V.; Peterka, M.; Petersson, P.; Petrzilka, V.; Piovesan, P; Piron, C; Pironti, A.; Pisano, F.; Pisokas, T.; Pitts, R.; Ploumistakis, I.; Plyusnin, V; Pokol, G; Poljak, D.; Pölöskei, P.; Popovic, Z.; Pór, G.; Porte, L; Potzel, S; Predebon, I.; Preynas, Melanie; Primc, G.; Pucella, G.; Puiatti, M.E.; Pütterich, T.; Rack, M.; Ramogida, G.; Rapson, C; Rasmussen, Jens Juul; Rasmussen, J; Rattá, G. A.; Ratynskaia, S.; Ravera, G.; Réfy, D.; Reich, M; Reimerdes, H.; Reimold, F.; Reinke, M; Reiser, D.; Resnik, M.; Reux, C.; Ripamonti, D.; Rittich, D; Riva, G.; Rodriguez-Ramos, M.; Rohde, V; Rosato, J.; Ryter, F.; Saarelma, S.; Sabot, R.; Saint-Laurent, F.; Salewski, M; Salmi, A.; Samaddar, D.; Sanchis-Sanchez, L; Santos, J; Sauter, O.; Scannell, R.; Scheffer, M.; Schneider, M; Schneider, B.; Schneider, PA; Schneller, M; Schrittwieser, R; Schubert, M; Schweinzer, J; Seidl, J.; Sertoli, M.; Šesnić, S.; Shabbir, A.; Shalpegin, A; Shanahan, B.; Sharapov, S; Sheikh, U.; Sias, G; Sieglin, B.; Silva, C; Silva, A; Silva Fuglister, M.; Simpson, J.; Snicker, A.; Sommariva, C.; Sozzi, C; Spagnolo, S.; Spizzo, G.; Spolaore, M; Stange, Torsten; Stejner Pedersen, Morten; Stepanov, I.; Stober, J; Strand, P.; Šušnjara, A.; Suttrop, W; Szepesi, T; Tál, B.; Tala, T.; Tamain, P.; Tardini, G; Tardocchi, M; Teplukhina, A.; Terranova, D.; Testa, D.; Theiler, C.; Thornton, A.; Tolias, P.; Tophj, L.; Treutterer, W; Trevisan, G. L.; Tripsky, M; Tsironis, C.; Tsui, C.; Tudisco, O; Uccello, Andrea; Urban, Maximilian J.; Valisa, M.; Vallejos, P.; Valovic, M; van den Brand, H; Vanovac, B.; Varoutis, S; Vartanian, S.; Vega, J.; Verdoolaege, G.; Verhaegh, K.; Vermare, L.; Vianello, N; Vicente, J; Viezzer, E.; Vignitchouk, L.; Vijvers, W. A.J.; Villone, F.; Viola, B.; Vlahos, L.; Voitsekhovitch, I.; Vondráček, P.; Vu, N. M.T.; Wagner, D; Walkden, N.; Wang, Nan; Wauters, T; Weiland, M; Weinzettl, V.; Westerhof, E.; Wiesenberger, M.; Willensdorfer, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Wodniak, I.; Wolfrum, E.; Yadykin, D.; Zagórski, R.; Zammuto, I.; Zanca, P.; Zaplotnik, R.; Zestanakis, P.; Zhang, W.; Zoletnik, S.; Zuin, M.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Integrating the plasma core performance with an edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) that leads to tolerable heat and particle loads on the wall is a major challenge. The new European medium size tokamak task force (EU-MST) coordinates research on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), MAST and TCV. This multi-machine approach within EU-MST, covering a wide parameter range, is instrumental to progress in the field, as ITER and DEMO core/pedestal and SOL parameters are not achievable simultaneously in present day devices. A two prong approach is adopted. On the one hand, scenarios with tolerable transient heat and particle loads, including active edge localised mode (ELM) control are developed. On the other hand, divertor solutions including advanced magnetic configurations are studied. Considerable progress has been made on both approaches, in particular in the fields of: ELM control with resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP), small ELM regimes, detachment onset and control, as well as filamentary scrape-off-layer transport. For example full ELM suppression has now been achieved on AUG at low collisionality with n = 2 RMP maintaining good confinement . Advances have been made with respect to detachment onset and control. Studies in advanced divertor configurations (Snowflake, Super-X and X-point target divertor) shed new light on SOL physics. Cross field filamentary transport has been characterised in a wide parameter regime on AUG, MAST and TCV progressing the theoretical and experimental understanding crucial for predicting first wall loads in ITER and DEMO. Conditions in the SOL also play a crucial role for ELM stability and access to small ELM regimes.
  • Overview of the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation programme in support of ITER and DEMO
    (2024-11-01) Joffrin, E.; Wischmeier, M.; Baruzzo, M.; Hakola, A.; Cai, J.; Chandra, R.; Chen, H.; Eriksson, J.; Fakhrayi Mofrad, N.; Feng, X.; Groth, M.; Horsten, N.; Huang, J.; Huang, Z.; Järvinen, A.; Karhunen, J.; Kim, H. T.; King, D. B.; Kirjasuo, A.; Kit, A.; Kiviniemi, T.; Kumar, U.; Kumpulainen, H.; Leerink, S.; Liang, Y.; Mäenpää, R.; Marin, M.; Moulton, D.; Nielsen, S. K.; Ollus, P.; Rees, D.; Rossi, R.; Ryan, P.; Salmi, A.; Sanchis, L.; Sand, A.; Santos, J.; Särkimäki, K.; Schneider, P.; Sharma, R.; Silva, C.; Simpson, J.; Sipilä, S.; Smith, S.; Snicker, A.; Solokha, V.; Sun, H. J.; Varje, J.; Vuoriheimo, T.; Yang, H.; , ASDEX Upgrade Team; , JET Contributors; , MAST-U team; , TCV Team; , WEST Team; , EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team
     A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Within the 9th European Framework programme, since 2021 EUROfusion is operating five tokamaks under the auspices of a single Task Force called ‘Tokamak Exploitation’. The goal is to benefit from the complementary capabilities of each machine in a coordinated way and help in developing a scientific output scalable to future largre machines. The programme of this Task Force ensures that ASDEX Upgrade, MAST-U, TCV, WEST and JET (since 2022) work together to achieve the objectives of Missions 1 and 2 of the EUROfusion Roadmap: i) demonstrate plasma scenarios that increase the success margin of ITER and satisfy the requirements of DEMO and, ii) demonstrate an integrated approach that can handle the large power leaving ITER and DEMO plasmas. The Tokamak Exploitation task force has therefore organized experiments on these two missions with the goal to strengthen the physics and operational basis for the ITER baseline scenario and for exploiting the recent plasma exhaust enhancements in all four devices (PEX: Plasma EXhaust) for exploring the solution for handling heat and particle exhaust in ITER and develop the conceptual solutions for DEMO. The ITER Baseline scenario has been developed in a similar way in ASDEX Upgrade, TCV and JET. Key risks for ITER such as disruptions and run-aways have been also investigated in TCV, ASDEX Upgrade and JET. Experiments have explored successfully different divertor configurations (standard, super-X, snowflakes) in MAST-U and TCV and studied tungsten melting in WEST and ASDEX Upgrade. The input from the smaller devices to JET has also been proven successful to set-up novel control schemes on disruption avoidance and detachment.
  • Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
    (2019-11) Joffrin, E.; Abduallev, S.; Abhangi, M.; Abreu, P.; Afanasev; Afzal, M.; Aggarwal, K. M.; Ahlgren, T.; Aho-Mantila, L.; Aiba, N.; Airila, M.; Alarcon, T.; Albanese, Raffaele; Alegre, D.; Aleiferis, S.; Alessi, E.; Aleynikov, P.; Alkseev, A.; Allinson, M.; Alper, B.; Alves, E.; Ambrosino, G.; Ambrosino, R.; Amosov, V.; Sunden, E. Andersson; Andrews, R.; Angelone, M.; Anghel, M.; Angioni, C.; Appel, L.; Appelbee, C.; Arena, P.; Ariola, M.; Arshad, S.; Artaud, J.; Arter, W.; Ash, A.; Ashikawa, N.; Aslanyan, V.; Asunta, O.; Asztalos, O.; Auriemma, F.; Austin, Y.; Avotina, L.; Axton, M.; Ayres, C.; Baciero, A.; Baiao, D.; Balboa, I.; Balden, M.; Balshaw, N.; Bandaru, V. K.; Banks, J.; Baranov, Y. F.; Barcellona, C.; Barnard, T.; Barnes, M.; Barnsley, R.; Wiechec, A. Baron; Barrera Orte, L.; Baruzzo, M.; Basiuk, V.; Bassan, M.; Bastow, R.; Batista, A.; Batistoni, P.; Baumane, L.; Bauvir, B.; Baylor, L.; Beaumont, P. S.; Beckers, M.; Beckett, B.; Bekris, N.; Beldishevski, M.; Bell, K.; Belli, F.; Belonohy, E.; Benayas, J.; Bergsaker, H.; Bernardo, J.; Bernert, M.; Berry, M.; Bertalot, L.; Besiliu, C.; Betar, H.; Beurskens, M.; Bielecki, J.; Biewer, T.; Bilato, R.; Biletskyi, O.; Bilkova, P.; Binda, F.; Birkenmeier, G.; Bizarro, J. P. S.; Bjorkas, C.; Blackburn, J.; Blackman, T. R.; Blanchard, P.; Blatchford, P.; Bobkov, V.V.; Boboc, A.; Bogar, O.; Bohm, P.; Bohm, T.; Bolshakova, I.; Bolzonella, T.; Bonanomi, N.; Boncagni, L.; Bonfiglio, D.; Bonnin, X.; Boom, J.; Borba, D.; Borodin, D.; Borodkina, I.; Boulbe, C.; Bourdelle, C.; Bowden, M.; Bowman, C.; Boyce, T.; Boyer, H.; Bradnam, S. C.; Braic, V.; Bravanec, R.; Breizman, B.; Brennan, D.; Breton, S.; Brett, A.; Brezinsek, S.; Bright, M.; Brix, M.; Broeckx, W.; Brombin, M.; Broslawski, A.; Brown, B. C.; Brunetti, D.; Bruno, E.; Buch, J.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R.; Buckley, M.; Bucolo, M.; Budny, R.; Bufferand, H.; Buller, S.; Bunting, P.; Buratti, P.; Burckhart, A.; Burroughes, G.; Buscarino, A.; Busse, A.; Butcher, D.; Butler, B.; Bykov, I.; Cahyna, P.; Calabro, G.; Calacci, L.; Callaghan, D.; Callaghan, J.; Calvo, Iván; Camenen, Y.; Camp, P.; Campling, D. C.; Cannas, B.; Capat, A.; Carcangiu, S.; Card, P.; Cardinali, A.; Carman, P.; Carnevale, D.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Carraro, L.; Carvalho, B. B.; Carvalho, Sergio; Carvalho, P.; Carvalho, D. D.; Casson, F. J.; Castaldo, C.; Catarino, N.; Causa, F.; Cavazzana, R.; Cave-Ayland, K.; Cavedon, M.; Cecconello, M.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Cecil, E.; Challis, C. D.; Chandra, D.; Chang, C. S.; Chankin, A.; Chapman, I. T.; Chapman, B.; Chapman, S. C.; Chernyshova, M.; Chiariello, A.; Chitarin, G.; Chmielewski, P.; Chone, L.; Ciraolo, G.; Ciric, D.; Citrin, J.; Clairet, F.; Clark, M.; Clark, E.; Clarkson, R.; Clay, R.; Clements, C.; Coad, J. P.; Coates, P.; Cobalt, A.; Coccorese, V.; Cocilovo, W.; Coelho, R.; Coenen, J. W.; Coffey, I. H.; Colas, L.; Colling, B.; Collins, S.; Conka, D.; Conroy, S.; Conway, N.; Coombs, D.; Cooper, S. R.; Corradino, C.; Corre, Y.; Corrigan, G.; Coster, D.; Craciunescu, T.; Cramp, S.; Crapper, C.; Crisanti, F.; Croci, G.; Croft, D.; Crombe, K.; Cruz, N.; Cseh, G.; Cufar, A.; Cullen, A.; Curson, P.; Curuia, M.; Czarnecka, A.; Czarski, T.; Cziegler, I.; Dabirikhah, H.; Dal Molin, A.; Dalgliesh, P.; Dalley, S.; Dankowski, J.; Darrow, D.; David, P.; Davies, A.; Davis, W.; Dawson, K.; Day, C.; De Bock, M.; de Castro, A.; De Dominici, G.; de la Cal, E.; de la Luna, E.; De Masi, G.; De Temmerman, G.; De Tommasi, G.; de Vries, P.; Deane, J.; Dejarnac, R.; Del Sarto, D.; Delabie, E.; Demerdzhiev; Dempsey, A.; den Harder, N.; Dendy, R. O.; Denis, J.; Denner, P.; Devaux, S.; Devynck, P.; Di Maio, F.; Di Siena, A.; Di Troia, C.; Dickinson, D.; Dinca, P.; Dittmar, T.; Dobrashian, J.; Doerk, H.; Doerner, R. P.; Domptail, F.; Donne, T.; Dorling, S. E.; Douai, D.; Dowson, S.; Drenik, A.; Dreval, M.; Drewelow, P.; Drews, P.; Duckworth, Ph; Dumont, R.; Dumortier, P.; Dunai, D.; Dunne, M.; Duran, I.; Durodie, F.; Dutta, P.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Dylst, K.; Edappala, P.; Edwards, A. M.; Edwards, J. S.; Eich, Th; Eidietis, N.; Eksaeva, A.; Ellis, R.; Ellwood, G.; Elsmore, C.; Emery, S.; Enachescu, M.; Ericsson, G.; Eriksson, J.; Eriksson, F.; Eriksson, L. G.; Ertmer, S.; Esquembri, S.; Esquisabel, A. L.; Esser, H. G.; Ewart, G.; Fable, E.; Fagan, D.; Faitsch, M.; Falie, D.; Fanni, A.; Farahani, A.; Fasoli, A.; Faugeras, B.; Fazinic, S.; Felici, F.; Felton, R. C.; Feng, S.; Fernades, A.; Fernandes, H.; Ferreira, J.; Ferreira, D. R.; Ferro, G.; Fessey, J. A.; Ficker, O.; Field, A.; Fietz, S.; Figini, L.; Figueiredo, J.; Figueiredo, A.; Fil, N.; Finburg, P.; Fischer, U.; Fittill, L.; Fitzgerald, M.; Flammini, D.; Flanagan, J.; Flinders, K.; Foley, S.; Fonnesu, N.; Fontdecaba, J. M.; Formisano, A.; Forsythe, L.; Fortuna, L.; Fransson, E.; Frasca, M.; Frassinetti, L.; Freisinger, M.; Fresa, R.; Fridstrom, R.; Frigione, D.; Fuchs, JC; Fusco, P.; Futatani, S.; Gal, K.; Galassi, D.; Galazka, K.; Galeani, S.; Gallart, D.; Galvao, R.; Gao, Y.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Carrasco, A.; Garcia-Munoz, M.; Gardener, M.; Garzotti, L.; Gaspar, J.; Gaudio, P.; Gear, D.; Gebhart, T.; Gee, S.; Geiger, B.; Gelfusa, M.; George, R.; Gerasimov, S.; Gervasini, G.; Gethins, M.; Ghani, Z.; Ghate, M.; Gherendi, M.; Ghezzi, F.; Giacalone, J. C.; Giacomelli, L.; Giacometti, G.; Gibson, K.; Giegerich, T.; Gil, L.; Gilbert, M. R.; Gin, D.; Giovannozzi, E.; Giroud, C.; Gloeggler, S.; Goff, J.; Gohil, P.; Goloborod'ko, V.; Gomes, R.; Goncalves, B.; Goniche, M.; Goodyear, A.; Gorini, G.; Goerler, T.; Goulding, R.; Goussarov, A.; Graham, B.; Graves, J. P.; Greuner, H.; Grierson, B.; Griffiths, J.; Griph, S.; Grist, D.; Groth, M.; Grove, R.; Gruca, M.; Guard, D.; Guerard, C.; Guillemaut, C.; Guirlet, R.; Gulati, S.; Gurl, C.; Gutierrez-Milla, A.; Utoh, H. H.; Hackett, L.; Hacquin, S.; Hager, R.; Hakola, A.; Halitovs, M.; Hall, S.; Hallworth-Cook, S.; Ham, C.; Hamed, M.; Hamilton, N.; Hamlyn-Harris, C.; Hammond, K.; Hancu, G.; Harrison, J.; Harting, D.; Hasenbeck, F.; Hatano, Y.; Hatch, D. R.; Haupt, T.; Hawes, J.; Hawkes, N. C.; Hawkins, J.; Hawkins, P.; Hazel, S.; Heesterman, P.; Heinola, K.; Hellesen, C.; Hellsten, T.; Helou, W.; Hemming, O.; Hender, T. C.; Henderson, S. S.; Henderson, M.; Henriques, R.; Hepple, D.; Herfindal, J.; Hermon, G.; Hidalgo, C.; Higginson, W.; Highcock, E. G.; Hillesheim, J.; Hillis, D.; Hizanidis, K.; Hjalmarsson, A.; Ho, A.; Hobirk, J.; Hogben, C. H. A.; Hogeweij, G. M. D.; Hollingsworth, A.; Hollis, S.; Hoelzl, M.; Honore, J-J; Hook, M.; Hopley, D.; Horacek, J.; Hornung, G.; Horton, A.; Horton, L. D.; Horvath, L.; Hotchin, S. P.; Howell, R.; Hubbard, A.; Huber, A.; Huber, Reto; Huddleston, T. M.; Hughes, M.; Hughes, J.; Huijsmans, G. T. A.; Huynh, P.; Hynes, A.; Igaune, I.; Iglesias, D.; Imazawa, N.; Imrisek, M.; Incelli, M.; Innocente, P.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Ivings, E.; Jachmich, S.; Jackson, A.; Jackson, T.; Jacquet, P.; Jansons, J.; Jaulmes, F.; Jednorog, S.; Jenkins, Ian; Jepu, I.; Johnson, T.; Johnson, R.; Johnston, J.; Joita, L.; Joly, J.; Jonasson, E.; Jones, T.; Jones, C.; Jones, L.; Jones, G.; Jones, N.; Juvonen, M.; Hoshino, K. K.; Kallenbach, A.; Kalsey, M.; Kaltiaisenaho, T.; Kamiya, K.; Kaniewski, J.; Kantor, A.; Kappatou, A.; Karhunen, J.; Karkinsky, D.; Kaufman, M.; Kaveney, G.; Kazakov, Y.; Kazantzidis, V.; Keeling, D. L.; Keenan, F. P.; Kempenaars, M.; Kent, O.; Kent, J.; Keogh, K.; Khilkevich, E.; Kim, H. T.; King, R.; King, D.; Kinna, D. J.; Kiptily, V.; Kirk, A.; Kirov, K.; Kirschner, A.; Kizane, G.; Klas, M.; Klepper, C.; Klix, A.; Knight, M.; Knight, P.; Knipe, S.; Knott, S.; Kobuchi, T.; Kochl, F.; Kocsis, G.; Kodeli, I.; Koechl, F.; Kogut, D.; Koivuranta, S.; Kolesnichenko, Y.; Kollo, Z.; Kominis, Y.; Koeppen, M.; Korolczuk, S.; Kos, B.; Koslowski, H. R.; Kotschenreuther, M.; Koubiti, M.; Kovaldins, R.; Kovanda, O.; Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E.; Krasilnikov, A.; Krasilnikov, AV; Krawczyk, N.; Kresina, M.; Krieger, K.; Krivska, A.; Kruezi, U.; Ksiazek, I.; Kukushkin, A.; Kundu, A.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kwak, S.; Kwon, O. J.; Laguardia, L.; Lahtinen, A.; Laing, A.; Lalousis, P.; Lam, N.; Lamb, C.; Lambertz, H. T.; Lang, P. T.; Lanthaler, S.; Neto, E. Lascas; Laszynska, E.; Lawless, R.; Lawson, K. D.; Lazaros, A.; Lazzaro, E.; Leach, R.; Learoyd, G.; Leerink, S.; Lefebvre, X.; Leggate, H. J.; Lehmann, J.; Lehnen, M.; Leichauer, P.; Leichtle, D.; Leipold, F.; Lengar, I.; Lennholm, M.; Lepiavko, B.; Leppanen, J.; Lerche, E.; Lescinskis, A.; Lescinskis, B.; Lesnoj, S.; Leyland, M.; Leysen, W.; Li, Y.; Li, Li; Liang, Y.; Likonen, J.; Linke, J.; Linsmeier, Ch; Lipschultz, B.; Litaudon, X.; Liu, G.; Lloyd, B.; Lo Schiavo, V. P.; Loarer, T.; Loarte, A.; Lomanowski, B.; Lomas, P. J.; Lonnroth, J.; Lopez, J. M.; Lorenzini, R.; Losada, U.; Loughlin, M.; Lowry, C.; Luce, T.; Lucock, R.; Lukin, A.; Luna, C.; Lungaroni, M.; Lungu, C. P.; Lungu, M.; Lunniss, A.; Lunt, T.; Lupelli, I.; Lutsenko, VN; Lyssoivan, A.; Macheta, P.; Macusova, E.; Magesh, B.; Maggi, C.; Maggiora, R.; Mahesan, S.; Maier, H.; Mailloux, J.; Maingi, R.; Makwana, R.; Malaquias, A.; Malinowski, K.; Malizia, A.; Manas, P.; Manduchi, G.; Manso, M. E.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M.; Manzanares, A.; Maquet, Ph; Marandet, Y.; Marcenko, N.; Marchetto, C.; Marchuk, O.; Marconato, N.; Mariani, A.; Marin, M.; Marinelli, M.; Marinucci, M.; Markovic, T.; Marocco, D.; Marot, L.; Marsh, J.; Martin, A.; Martin de Aguilera, A.; Martin-Solis, J. R.; Martone, R.; Martynova, Y.; Maruyama, So; Maslov, M.; Matejcik, S.; Mattei, M.; Matthews, G. F.; Matveev, D.; Matveeva, E.; Mauriya, A.; Maviglia, F.; May-Smith, T.; Mayer, M.; Mayoral, M. L.; Mazon, D.; Mazzotta, C.; McAdams, R.; McCarthy, P. J.; McClements, K. G.; McCormack, O.; McCullen, P. A.; McDonald, D.; McHardy, M.; McKean, R.; McKehon, J.; McNamee, L.; Meadowcroft, C.; Meakins, A.; Medley, S.; Meigh, S.; Meigs, A. G.; Meisl, G.; Meiter, S.; Meitner, S.; Meneses, L.; Menmuir, S.; Mergia, K.; Merle, A.; Merriman, P.; Mertens, Ph; Meshchaninov, S.; Messiaen, A.; Meyer, H.; Michling, R.; Milanesio, D.; Militello, F.; Militello-Asp, E.; Milocco, A.; Miloshevsky, G.; Mink, F.; Minucci, S.; Miron, Luiciana Ines Comes; Mistry, S.; Miyoshi, Y.; Mlynar, J.; Moiseenko; Monaghan, P.; Monakhov, I.; Moon, S.; Mooney, R.; Moradi, S.; Morales, J.; Moran, J.; Mordijck, S.; Moreira, L.; Moro, F.; Morris, J.; Moser, L.; Mosher, S.; Moulton, D.; Mrowetz, T.; Muir, A.; Muraglia, M.; Murari, A.; Muraro, A.; Murphy, S.; Muscat, P.; Muthusonai, N.; Myers, C.; Asakura, N. N.; N'Konga, B.; Nabais, F.; Naish, R.; Naish, J.; Nakano, T.; Napoli, F.; Nardon, E.; Naulin, V.; Nave, M. F. F.; Nedzelskiy; Nemtsev, G.; Nesenevich, V. G.; Nespoli, F.; Neto, A.; Neu, R.; Neverov, V. S.; Newman, M.; Ng, S.; Nicassio, M.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nina, D.; Nishijima, D.; Noble, C.; Nobs, C. R.; Nocente, M.; Nodwell, D.; Nordlund, K.; Nordman, H.; Normanton, R.; Noterdaeme, J. M.; Nowak, S.; Nunes, I.M.; O'Gorman, T.; O'Mullane, M.; Oberkofler, M.; Oberparleiter, M.; Odupitan, T.; Ogawa, M. T.; Okabayashi, M.; Oliver, H.; Olney, R.; Omoregie, L.; Ongena, J.; Orsitto, F.; Orszagh, J.; Osborne, T.; Otin, R.; Owen, A.; Owen, T.; Paccagnella, R.; Packer, L. W.; Pajuste, E.; Pamela, S.; Panja, S.; Papp, P.; Papp, G.; Parail, V; Pardanaud, C.; Diaz, F. Parra; Parsloe, A.; Parsons, N.; Parsons, M.; Pasqualotto, R.; Passeri, M.; Patel, A.; Pathak, S.; Patten, H.; Pau, A.; Pautasso, G.; Pavlichenko, R.; Pavone, A.; Pawelec, E.; Soldan, C. Paz; Peackoc, A.; Pehkonen, S-P; Peluso, E.; Penot, C.; Penzo, J.; Pepperell, K.; Pereira, R.; Cippo, E. Perelli; von Thun, C. Perez; Pericoli, V.; Peruzzo, S.; Peterka, M.; Petersson, P.; Petravich, G.; Petre, A.; Petrzilka, V.; Philipps, V.; Pigatto, L.; Pillon, M.; Pinches, S.; Pintsuk, G.; Piovesan, P.; de Sa, W. Pires; Pires dos Reis, A.; Piron, L.; Piron, C.; Pironti, A.; Pisano, F.; Pitts, R.; Plyusnin, V; Poli, F. M.; Pomaro, N.; Pompilian, O. G.; Pool, P.; Popovichev, S.; Poradzinski, M.; Porfiri, M. T.; Porosnicu, C.; Porton, M.; Possnert, G.; Potzel, S.; Poulipoulis, G.; Powell, T.; Prajapati, Manish; Prakash, R.; Predebon, I.; Prestopino, G.; Price, D.; Price, M.; Price, R.; Primetzhofer, D.; Prior, P.; Pucella, G.; Puglia, P.; Puiatti, M. E.; Purahoo, K.; Pusztai, L.; Puetterich, Th; Rachlew, E.; Rack, M.; Ragona, R.; Rainford, M.; Raj, P.; Rakha, A.; Ramogida, G.; Rapson, C. J.; Rasmussen, D.; Rasmussen, J. J.; Rathod, K.; Ratta, G.; Ratynskaia, S.; Ravera, G.; Rebai, M.; Reed, A.; Refy, D.; Regana, J.; Reich, M.; Reid, N.; Reimold, F.; Reinhart, M.; Reinke, M.; Reiser, D.; Rendell, D.; Reux, C.; Cortes, S. D. A. Reyes; Reynolds, S.; Ricci, D.; Richiusa, M.; Rigamonti, D.; Rimini, F. G.; Risner, J.; Riva, M.; Rivero-Rodriguez, J.; Roach, C.; Robins, R.; Robinson, S.; Robson, D.; Rodionov, R.; Rodrigues, P.; Rodriguez, J.; Rohde, Volker; Romanelli, M.; Romanelli, F.; Romanelli, S.; Romazanov, J.; Rowe, S.; Rubel, M.; Rubinacci, G.; Rubino, G.; Ruchko, L.; Ruset, C.; Rzadkiewicz, J.; Saarelma, S.; Sabot, R.; Saez, X.; Safi, E.; Sahlberg, A.; Saibene, G.; Saleem, M.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Salmon, R.; Salzedas, F.; Samm, U.; Sandiford, D.; Santa, P.; Santala, M. I. K.; Santos, B.; Santucci, A.; Sartori, F.; Sartori, R.; Sauter, O.; Scannell, R.; Schluck, F.; Schlummer, T.; Schmid, K.; Schmuck, S.; Schoepf, K.; Schweinzer, J.; Schworer, D.; Scott, S. D.; Sergienko, G.; Sertoli, M.; Shabbir, A.; Sharapov, S. E.; Shaw, A.; Sheikh, H.; Shepherd, A.; Shevelev, A.; Shiraki, D.; Shumack, A.; Sias, G.; Sibbald, M.; Sieglin, B.; Silburn, S.; Silva, J.; Silva, A.; Silva, C.; Silvagni, D.; Simmons, P.; Simpson, J.; Sinha, A.; Sipila, S. K.; Sips, A. C. C.; Siren, Paula; Sirinelli, A.; Sjostrand, H.; Skiba, M.; Skilton, R.; Skvara; Slade, B.; Smith, R.; Smith, P.; Smith, S. F.; Snoj, L.; Soare, S.; Solano, E. R.; Somers, A.; Sommariva, C.; Sonato, P.; Sos, M.; Sousa, J.; Sozzi, C.; Spagnolo, S.; Sparapani, P.; Spelzini, T.; Spineanu, F.; Sprada, D.; Sridhar, S.; Stables, G.; Stallard, J.; Stamatelatos, I.; Stamp, M. F.; Stan-Sion, C.; Stancar, Z.; Staniec, P.; Stankunas, G.; Stano, M.; Stavrou, C.; Stefanikova, E.; Stepanov, A.Y.; Stephen, A.; Stephen, M.; Stephens, J.; Stevens, B.; Stober, J.; Stokes, C.; Strachan, J.; Strand, P.; Strauss, H. R.; Strom, P.; Studholme, W.; Subba, F.; Suchkov, E.; Summers, H. P.; Sun, H.; Sutton, N.; Svensson, J.; Sytnykov, D.; Szabolics, T.; Szepesi, G.; Suzuki, T. T.; Tabares, F.; Tadic, T.; Tal, B.; Tala, T.; Taliercio, C.; Tallargio, A.; Tanaka, K.; Tang, W.; Tardocchi, M.; Tatali, R.; Taylor, D.; Tegnered, D.; Telesca, G.; Teplova, N.; Teplukhina, A.; Terranova, D.; Terry, C.; Testa, D.; Tholerus, E.; Thomas, J.; Thompson, V. K.; Thornton, A.; Tierens, W.; Tiseanu, I.; Tojo, H.; Tokitani, M.; Tolias, P.; Tomes, M.; Trimble, P.; Tripsky, M.; Tsalas, M.; Tsavalas, P.; Tskhakaya, D.; Jun, D. Tskhakaya; Turner, A.D.; Turner, M. M.; Turnyanskiy, M.; Tvalashvili, G.; Tyshchenko, M.; Uccello, A.; Uljanovs, J.; Urano, H.; Urban, A.; Urbanczyk, G.; Uytdenhouwen, I.; Vadgama, A.; Valcarcel, D.; Vale, R.; Valentinuzzi, M.; Valerii, K.; Valisa, M.; Olivares, P. Vallejos; Valovic, M.; Van Eester, D.; Van Renterghem, W.; van Rooij, G. 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C.; Wright, P.; Wukitch, S.; Wynn, A.; Xiang, L.; Xu, T.; Xue, Y.; Yadikin, D.; Yakovenko, Y.; Yanling, W.; Yavorskij, Viktor; Young, E.S.K.; Young, R.; Young, D.; Zacks, J.; Zagorski, R.; Zaitsev, F. S.; Zakharov, L.; Zanino, R.; Zarins, A.; Zarins, R.; Fernandez, D. Zarzoso; Zastrow, K. D.; Zerbini, M.; Zhang, W.; Zhou, Y.; Zilli, E.; Zocco, A.; Zoita, V.L.; Zoletnik, S.; Zwingmann, W.; Zychor, I.; Ranjan, Sutapa
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
  • Overview of the JET results in support to ITER
    (2017-06-15) Litaudon, X.; Abduallev, S.; Abhangi, M.; Abreu, P.; Afzal, M.; Aggarwal, K. M.; Ahlgren, T.; Ahn, J. H.; Aho-Mantila, L.; Aiba, N.; Airila, M.; Albanese, R.; Aldred, V.; Alegre, D.; Alessi, E.; Aleynikov, P.; Alfier, A.; Alkseev, A.; Allinson, M.; Alper, B.; Alves, E.; Ambrosino, G.; Ambrosino, R.; Amicucci, L.; Amosov, V.; Andersson Sundén, E.; Angelone, M.; Anghel, M.; Angioni, C.; Appel, L.; Appelbee, C.; Arena, P.; Ariola, M.; Arnichand, H.; Arshad, S.; Ash, A.; Ashikawa, N.; Aslanyan, V.; Asunta, O.; Auriemma, F.; Austin, Y.; Avotina, L.; Axton, M. D.; Ayres, C.; Bacharis, M.; Baciero, A.; Baiáo, D.; Bailey, S.; Baker, A.; Balboa, I.; Balden, M.; Balshaw, N.; Bament, R.; Banks, J. W.; Baranov, Y. F.; Barnard, M. A.; Barnes, D.; Barnes, M.; Barnsley, R.; Baron Wiechec, A.; Barrera Orte, L.; Baruzzo, M.; Basiuk, V.; Bassan, M.; Bastow, R.; Batista, A.; Batistoni, P.; Baughan, R.; Bauvir, B.; Baylor, L.; Bazylev, B.; Beal, J.; Beaumont, P. S.; Beckers, M.; Beckett, B.; Becoulet, A.; Bekris, N.; Beldishevski, M.; Bell, K.; Belli, F.; Bellinger, M.; Belonohy; Ben Ayed, N.; Benterman, N. A.; Bergsåker, H.; Bernardo, J.; Bernert, M.; Berry, M.; Bertalot, L.; Besliu, C.; Beurskens, M.; Bieg, B.; Bielecki, J.; Biewer, T.; Bigi, M.; Bílková, P.; Binda, F.; Bisoffi, A.; Bizarro, J. P.S.; Björkas, C.; Blackburn, J.; Blackman, K.; Blackman, T. R.; Blanchard, P.; Blatchford, P.; Bobkov, V.; Boboc, A.; Bodnár, G.; Bogar, O.; Bolshakova, I.; Bolzonella, T.; Bonanomi, N.; Bonelli, F.; Boom, J.; Booth, J.; Borba, D.; Borodin, D.; Borodkina, I.; Botrugno, A.; Bottereau, C.; Boulting, P.; Bourdelle, C.; Bowden, M.; Bower, C.; Bowman, C.; Boyce, T.; Boyd, C.; Boyer, H. J.; Bradshaw, J. M.A.; Braic, V.; Bravanec, R.; Breizman, B.; Bremond, S.; Brennan, P. D.; Breton, S.; Brett, A.; Brezinsek, S.; Bright, M. D.J.; Brix, M.; Broeckx, W.; Brombin, M.; Brosławski, A.; Brown, D. P.D.; Brown, M.; Bruno, E.; Bucalossi, J.; Buch, J.; Buchanan, J.; Buckley, M. A.; Budny, R.; Bufferand, H.; Bulman, M.; Bulmer, N.; Bunting, P.; Buratti, P.; Burckhart, A.; Buscarino, A.; Busse, A.; Butler, N. K.; Bykov, I.; Byrne, J.; Cahyna, P.; Calabrò, G.; Calvo, I.; Camenen, Y.; Camp, P.; Campling, D. C.; Cane, J.; Cannas, B.; Capel, A. J.; Card, P. J.; Cardinali, A.; Carman, P.; Carr, M.; Carralero, D.; Carraro, L.; Carvalho, B. B.; Carvalho, I.; Carvalho, P.; Casson, F. J.; Castaldo, C.; Catarino, N.; Caumont, J.; Causa, F.; Cavazzana, R.; Cave-Ayland, K.; Cavinato, M.; Cecconello, M.; Ceccuzzi, S.; Cecil, E.; Cenedese, A.; Cesario, R.; Challis, C. D.; Chandler, M.; Chandra, D.; Chang, C. S.; Chankin, A.; Chapman, I. T.; Chapman, S. C.; Chernyshova, M.; Chitarin, G.; Ciraolo, G.; Ciric, D.; Citrin, J.; Clairet, F.; Clark, E.; Clark, M.; Clarkson, R.; Clatworthy, D.; Clements, C.; Cleverly, M.; Coad, J. P.; Coates, P. A.; Cobalt, A.; Coccorese, V.; Cocilovo, V.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Coenen, J. W.; Coffey, I.; Colas, L.; Collins, S.; Conka, D.; Conroy, S.; Conway, N.; Coombs, D.; Cooper, D.; Cooper, S. R.; Corradino, C.; Corre, Y.; Corrigan, G.; Cortes, S.; Coster, D.; Couchman, A. S.; Cox, M. P.; Craciunescu, T.; Cramp, S.; Craven, R.; Crisanti, F.; Croci, G.; Croft, D.; Crombé, K.; Crowe, R.; Cruz, N.; Cseh, G.; Cufar, A.; Cullen, A.; Curuia, M.; Czarnecka, A.; Dabirikhah, H.; Dalgliesh, P.; Dalley, S.; Dankowski, J.; Darrow, D.; Davies, O.; Davis, W.; Day, C.; Day, I. E.; De Bock, M.; De Castro, A.; De La Cal, E.; De La Luna, E.; De Masi, G.; De Pablos, J. L.; De Temmerman, G.; De Tommasi, G.; De Vries, P.; Deakin, K.; Deane, J.; Degli Agostini, F.; Dejarnac, R.; Delabie, E.; Den Harder, N.; Dendy, R. O.; Denis, J.; Denner, P.; Devaux, S.; Devynck, P.; Di Maio, F.; Di Siena, A.; Di Troia, C.; Dinca, P.; D'Inca, R.; Ding, B.; Dittmar, T.; Doerk, H.; Doerner, R. P.; Donné, T.; Dorling, S. E.; Dormido-Canto, S.; Doswon, S.; Douai, D.; Doyle, P. T.; Drenik, A.; Drewelow, P.; Drews, P.; Duckworth, Ph; Dumont, R.; Dumortier, P.; Dunai, D.; Dunne, M.; ĎUran, I.; Durodié, F.; Dutta, P.; Duval, B. P.; Dux, R.; Dylst, K.; Dzysiuk, N.; Edappala, P. V.; Edmond, J.; Edwards, A. M.; Edwards, J.; Eich, Th; Ekedahl, A.; El-Jorf, R.; Elsmore, C. G.; Enachescu, M.; Ericsson, G.; Eriksson, F.; Eriksson, J.; Eriksson, L. G.; Esposito, B.; Esquembri, S.; Esser, H. G.; Esteve, D.; Evans, B.; Evans, G. E.; Evison, G.; Ewart, G. D.; Fagan, D.; Faitsch, M.; Falie, D.; Fanni, A.; Fasoli, A.; Faustin, J. M.; Fawlk, N.; Fazendeiro, L.; Fedorczak, N.; Felton, R. C.; Fenton, K.; Fernades, A.; Fernandes, H.; Ferreira, J.; Fessey, J. A.; Février, O.; Ficker, O.; Field, A.; Fietz, S.; Figueiredo, A.; Figueiredo, J.; Fil, A.; Finburg, P.; Firdaouss, M.; Fischer, U.; Fittill, L.; Fitzgerald, M.; Flammini, D.; Flanagan, J.; Fleming, C.; Flinders, K.; Fonnesu, N.; Fontdecaba, J. M.; Formisano, A.; Forsythe, L.; Fortuna, L.; Fortuna-Zalesna, E.; Fortune, M.; Foster, S.; Franke, T.; Franklin, T.; Frasca, M.; Frassinetti, L.; Freisinger, M.; Fresa, R.; Frigione, D.; Fuchs, V.; Fuller, D.; Futatani, S.; Fyvie, J.; Gál, K.; Galassi, D.; Gałazka, K.; Galdon-Quiroga, J.; Gallagher, J.; Gallart, D.; Galváo, R.; Gao, X.; Gao, Y.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Carrasco, A.; García-Muñoz, M.; Gardarein, J. L.; Garzotti, L.; Gaudio, P.; Gauthier, E.; Gear, D. F.; Gee, S. J.; Geiger, B.; Gelfusa, M.; Gerasimov, S.; Gervasini, G.; Gethins, M.; Ghani, Z.; Ghate, M.; Gherendi, M.; Giacalone, J. C.; Giacomelli, L.; Gibson, C. S.; Giegerich, T.; Gil, C.; Gil, L.; Gilligan, S.; Gin, D.; Giovannozzi, E.; Girardo, J. B.; Giroud, C.; Giruzzi, G.; Glöggler, S.; Godwin, J.; Goff, J.; Gohil, P.; Goloborod'Ko, V.; Gomes, R.; Goncalves, B.; Goniche, M.; Goodliffe, M.; Goodyear, A.; Gorini, G.; Gosk, M.; Goulding, R.; Goussarov, A.; Gowland, R.; Graham, B.; Graham, M. E.; Graves, J. P.; Grazier, N.; Grazier, P.; Green, N. R.; Greuner, H.; Grierson, B.; Griph, F. S.; Grisolia, C.; Grist, D.; Groth, M.; Grove, R.; Grundy, C. N.; Grzonka, J.; Guard, D.; Guérard, C.; Guillemaut, C.; Guirlet, R.; Gurl, C.; Utoh, H. H.; Hackett, L. J.; Hacquin, S.; Hagar, A.; Hager, R.; Hakola, A.; Halitovs, M.; Hall, S. J.; Hallworth Cook, S. P.; Hamlyn-Harris, C.; Hammond, K.; Harrington, C.; Harrison, J.; Harting, D.; Hasenbeck, F.; Hatano, Y.; Hatch, D. R.; Haupt, T. D.V.; Hawes, J.; Hawkes, N. C.; Hawkins, J.; Hawkins, P.; Haydon, P. W.; Hayter, N.; Hazel, S.; Heesterman, P. J.L.; Heinola, K.; Hellesen, C.; Hellsten, T.; Helou, W.; Hemming, O. N.; Hender, T. C.; Henderson, M.; Henderson, S. S.; Henriques, R.; Hepple, D.; Hermon, G.; Hertout, P.; Hidalgo, C.; Highcock, E. G.; Hill, M.; Hillairet, J.; Hillesheim, J.; Hillis, D.; Hizanidis, K.; Hjalmarsson, A.; Hobirk, J.; Hodille, E.; Hogben, C. H.A.; Hogeweij, G. M.D.; Hollingsworth, A.; Hollis, S.; Homfray, D. A.; Horáček, J.; Hornung, G.; Horton, A. R.; Horton, L. D.; Horvath, L.; Hotchin, S. P.; Hough, M. R.; Howarth, P. J.; Hubbard, A.; Huber, A.; Huber, V.; Huddleston, T. M.; Hughes, M.; Huijsmans, G. T.A.; Hunter, C. L.; Huynh, P.; Hynes, A. M.; Iglesias, D.; Imazawa, N.; Imbeaux, F.; Imríšek, M.; Incelli, M.; Innocente, P.; Irishkin, M.; Ivanova-Stanik, I.; Jachmich, S.; Jacobsen, A. S.; Jacquet, P.; Jansons, J.; Jardin, A.; Järvinen, A.; Jaulmes, F.; Jednoróg, S.; Jenkins, I.; Jeong, C.; Jepu, I.; Joffrin, E.; Johnson, R.; Johnson, Thomas; Johnston, Jane; Joita, L.; Jones, G.; Jones, T. T.C.; Hoshino, K. K.; Kallenbach, A.; Kamiya, K.; Kaniewski, J.; Kantor, A.; Kappatou, A.; Karhunen, J.; Karkinsky, D.; Karnowska, I.; Kaufman, M.; Kaveney, G.; Kazakov, Y.; Kazantzidis, V.; Keeling, D. L.; Keenan, T.; Keep, J.; Kempenaars, M.; Kennedy, C.; Kenny, D.; Kent, J.; Kent, O. N.; Khilkevich, E.; Kim, H. T.; Kim, H. S.; Kinch, A.; King, C.; King, D.; King, R. F.; Kinna, D. J.; Kiptily, V.; Kirk, A.; Kirov, K.; Kirschner, A.; Kizane, G.; Klepper, C.; Klix, A.; Knight, P.; Knipe, S. J.; Knott, S.; Kobuchi, T.; Köchl, F.; Kocsis, G.; Kodeli, I.; Kogan, L.; Kogut, D.; Koivuranta, S.; Kominis, Y.; Köppen, M.; Kos, B.; Koskela, T.; Koslowski, H. R.; Koubiti, M.; Kovari, M.; Kowalska-Strzȩciwilk, E.; Krasilnikov, A.; Krasilnikov, V.; Krawczyk, N.; Kresina, M.; Krieger, K.; Krivska, A.; Kruezi, U.; Ksiażek, I.; Kukushkin, A.; Kundu, A.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kwak, S.; Kwiatkowski, R.; Kwon, O. J.; Laguardia, L.; Lahtinen, A.; Laing, A.; Lam, N.; Lambertz, H. T.; Lane, C.; Lang, P. T.; Lanthaler, S.; Lapins, J.; Lasa, A.; Last, J. R.; Łaszyńska, E.; Lawless, R.; Lawson, A.; Lawson, K. D.; Lazaros, A.; Lazzaro, E.; Leddy, J.; Lee, S.; Lefebvre, X.; Leggate, H. J.; Lehmann, J.; Lehnen, M.; Leichtle, D.; Leichuer, P.; Leipold, F.; Lengar, I.; Lennholm, M.; Lerche, E.; Lescinskis, A.; Lesnoj, S.; Letellier, E.; Leyland, M.; Leysen, W.; Li, Li; Liang, Y.; Likonen, J.; Linke, J.; Linsmeier, Ch; Lipschultz, B.; Liu, G.; Liu, Y.; Lo Schiavo, V. P.; Loarer, T.; Loarte, A.; Lobel, R. C.; Lomanowski, B.; Lomas, P. J.; Lönnroth, J.; López, J. M.; López-Razola, J.; Lorenzini, R.; Losada, U.; Lovell, J. J.; Loving, A. B.; Lowry, C.; Luce, T.; Lucock, R. M.A.; Lukin, A.; Luna, C.; Lungaroni, M.; Lungu, C. P.; Lungu, M.; Lunniss, A.; Lupelli, I.; Lyssoivan, A.; Macdonald, N.; Macheta, P.; Maczewa, K.; Magesh, B.; Maget, P.; Maggi, C.; Maier, H.; Mailloux, J.; Makkonen, T.; Makwana, R.; Malaquias, A.; Malizia, A.; Manas, P.; Manning, A.; Manso, M. E.; Mantica, P.; Mantsinen, M.; Manzanares, A.; Maquet, Ph; Marandet, Y.; Marcenko, N.; Marchetto, C.; Marchuk, O.; Marinelli, M.; Marinucci, M.; Markovič, T.; Marocco, D.; Marot, L.; Marren, C. A.; Marshal, R.; Martin, A.; Martin, Y.; Martín De Aguilera, A.; Martínez, F. J.; Martín-Solís, J. R.; Martynova, Y.; Maruyama, So; Masiello, A.; Maslov, M.; Matejcik, S.; Mattei, M.; Matthews, G. F.; Maviglia, F.; Mayer, M.; Mayoral, M. L.; May-Smith, T.; Mazon, D.; Mazzotta, C.; McAdams, R.; McCarthy, P. J.; McClements, K. G.; McCormack, O.; McCullen, P. A.; McDonald, D.; McIntosh, S.; McKean, R.; McKehon, J.; Meadows, R. C.; Meakins, A.; Medina, F.; Medland, M.; Medley, S.; Meigh, S.; Meigs, A. G.; Meisl, G.; Meitner, S.; Meneses, L.; Menmuir, S.; Mergia, K.; Merrigan, I. R.; Mertens, Ph; Meshchaninov, S.; Messiaen, A.; Meyer, H.; Mianowski, S.; Michling, R.; Middleton-Gear, D.; Miettunen, J.; Militello, F.; Militello-Asp, E.; Miloshevsky, G.; Mink, F.; Minucci, S.; Miyoshi, Y.; Mlynář, J.; Molina, D.; Monakhov, I.; Moneti, M.; Mooney, R.; Moradi, S.; Mordijck, S.; Moreira, L.; Moreno, R.; Moro, F.; Morris, A. W.; Morris, J.; Moser, L.; Mosher, S.; Moulton, D.; Murari, A.; Muraro, A.; Murphy, S.; Asakura, N. N.; Na, Y. S.; Nabais, F.; Naish, R.; Nakano, T.; Nardon, E.; Naulin, V.; Nave, M. F.F.; Nedzelski, I.; Nemtsev, G.; Nespoli, F.; Neto, A.; Neu, R.; Neverov, V. S.; Newman, M.; Nicholls, K. J.; Nicolas, T.; Nielsen, A. H.; Nielsen, P.; Nilsson, E.; Nishijima, D.; Noble, C.; Nocente, M.; Nodwell, D.; Nordlund, K.; Nordman, H.; Nouailletas, R.; Nunes, I.; Oberkofler, M.; Odupitan, T.; Ogawa, M. T.; O'Gorman, T.; Okabayashi, M.; Olney, R.; Omolayo, O.; O'Mullane, M.; Ongena, J.; Orsitto, F.; Orszagh, J.; Oswuigwe, B. I.; Otin, R.; Owen, A.; Paccagnella, R.; Pace, N.; Pacella, D.; Packer, L. W.; Page, A.; Pajuste, E.; Palazzo, S.; Pamela, S.; Panja, S.; Papp, P.; Paprok, R.; Parail, V.; Park, M.; Parra Diaz, F.; Parsons, M.; Pasqualotto, R.; Patel, A.; Pathak, S.; Paton, D.; Patten, H.; Pau, A.; Pawelec, E.; Paz Soldan, C.; Peackoc, A.; Pearson, I. J.; Pehkonen, S. P.; Peluso, E.; Penot, C.; Pereira, A.; Pereira, R.; Pereira Puglia, P. P.; Perez Von Thun, C.; Peruzzo, S.; Peschanyi, S.; Peterka, M.; Petersson, P.; Petravich, G.; Petre, A.; Petrella, N.; Petržilka, V.; Peysson, Y.; Pfefferlé, D.; Philipps, V.; Pillon, M.; Pintsuk, G.; Piovesan, P.; Pires Dos Reis, A.; Piron, L.; Pironti, A.; Pisano, F.; Pitts, R.; Pizzo, F.; Plyusnin, V.; Pomaro, N.; Pompilian, O. G.; Pool, P. J.; Popovichev, S.; Porfiri, M. T.; Porosnicu, C.; Porton, M.; Possnert, G.; Potzel, S.; Powell, T.; Pozzi, J.; Prajapati, V.; Prakash, R.; Prestopino, G.; Price, D.; Price, M.; Price, R.; Prior, P.; Proudfoot, R.; Pucella, G.; Puglia, P.; Puiatti, M. E.; Pulley, D.; Purahoo, K.; Pütterich, Th; Rachlew, E.; Rack, M.; Ragona, R.; Rainford, M. S.J.; Rakha, A.; Ramogida, G.; Ranjan, S.; Rapson, C. J.; Rasmussen, J. J.; Rathod, K.; Rattá, G.; Ratynskaia, S.; Ravera, G.; Rayner, C.; Rebai, M.; Reece, D.; Reed, A.; Réfy, D.; Regan, B.; Regaña, J.; Reich, M.; Reid, N.; Reimold, F.; Reinhart, M.; Reinke, M.; Reiser, D.; Rendell, D.; Reux, C.; Reyes Cortes, S. D.A.; Reynolds, S.; Riccardo, V.; Richardson, N.; Riddle, K.; Rigamonti, D.; Rimini, F. G.; Risner, J.; Riva, M.; Roach, C.; Robins, R. J.; Robinson, S. A.; Robinson, T.; Robson, D. W.; Roccella, R.; Rodionov, R.; Rodrigues, P.; Rodriguez, J.; Rohde, V.; Romanelli, F.; Romanelli, M.; Romanelli, S.; Romazanov, J.; Rowe, S.; Rubel, M.; Rubinacci, G.; Rubino, G.; Ruchko, L.; Ruiz, M.; Ruset, C.; Rzadkiewicz, J.; Saarelma, S.; Sabot, R.; Safi, E.; Sagar, P.; Saibene, G.; Saint-Laurent, F.; Salewski, M.; Salmi, A.; Salmon, R.; Salzedas, F.; Samaddar, D.; Samm, U.; Sandiford, D.; Santa, P.; Santala, M. I.K.; Santos, B.; Santucci, A.; Sartori, F.; Sartori, R.; Sauter, O.; Scannell, R.; Schlummer, T.; Schmid, K.; Schmidt, V.; Schmuck, S.; Schneider, Mireille; Schöpf, K.; Schwörer, D.; Scott, S. D.; Sergienko, G.; Sertoli, M.; Shabbir, A.; Sharapov, S. E.; Shaw, A.; Shaw, R.; Sheikh, H.; Shepherd, A.; Shevelev, A.; Shumack, A.; Sias, G.; Sibbald, M.; Sieglin, B.; Silburn, S.; Silva, A.; Silva, C.; Simmons, P. A.; Simpson, J.; Simpson-Hutchinson, J.; Sinha, A.; Sipilä, S. K.; Sips, A. C.C.; Sirén, P.; Sirinelli, A.; Sjöstrand, H.; Skiba, M.; Skilton, R.; Slabkowska, K.; Slade, B.; Smith, N.; Smith, P. G.; Smith, R.; Smith, T. J.; Smithies, M.; Snoj, L.; Soare, S.; Solano, E. R.; Somers, A.; Sommariva, C.; Sonato, P.; Sopplesa, A.; Sousa, J.; Sozzi, C.; Spagnolo, S.; Spelzini, T.; Spineanu, F.; Stables, G.; Stamatelatos, I.; Stamp, M. F.; Staniec, P.; Stankūnas, G.; Stan-Sion, C.; Stead, M. J.; Stefanikova, E.; Stepanov, I.; Stephen, A. V.; Stephen, M.; Stevens, A.; Stevens, B. D.; Strachan, J.; Strand, P.; Strauss, H. R.; Ström, P.; Stubbs, G.; Studholme, W.; Subba, F.; Summers, H. P.; Svensson, J.; Świderski; Szabolics, T.; Szawlowski, M.; Szepesi, G.; Suzuki, T. T.; Tál, B.; Tala, T.; Talbot, A. R.; Talebzadeh, S.; Taliercio, C.; Tamain, P.; Tame, C.; Tang, W.; Tardocchi, M.; Taroni, L.; Taylor, D.; Taylor, K. A.; Tegnered, D.; Telesca, G.; Teplova, N.; Terranova, D.; Testa, D.; Tholerus, E.; Thomas, J. D.; Thomas, P.; Thompson, A.; Thompson, C. A.; Thompson, V. K.; Thorne, L.; Thornton, A.; Thrysøe, A. S.; Tigwell, P. A.; Tipton, N.; Tiseanu, I.; Tojo, H.; Tokitani, M.; Tolias, P.; Tomeš, M.; Tonner, P.; Towndrow, M.; Trimble, P.; Tripsky, M.; Tsalas, M.; Tsavalas, P.; Tskhakaya Jun, D.; Turner, I.; Turner, M. M.; Turnyanskiy, M.; Tvalashvili, G.; Tyrrell, S. G.J.; Uccello, A.; Ul-Abidin, Z.; Uljanovs, J.; Ulyatt, D.; Urano, H.; Uytdenhouwen, I.; Vadgama, A. P.; Valcarcel, D.; Valentinuzzi, M.; Valisa, M.; Vallejos Olivares, P.; Valovic, M.; Van De Mortel, M.; Van Eester, D.; Van Renterghem, W.; Van Rooij, G. J.; Varje, J.; Varoutis, S.; Vartanian, S.; Vasava, K.; Vasilopoulou, T.; Vega, J.; Verdoolaege, G.; Verhoeven, R.; Verona, C.; Verona Rinati, G.; Veshchev, E.; Vianello, N.; Vicente, J.; Viezzer, E.; Villari, S.; Villone, F.; Vincenzi, P.; Vinyar, I.; Viola, B.; Vitins, A.; Vizvary, Z.; Vlad, M.; Voitsekhovitch, I.; Vondráček, P.; Vora, N.; Vu, T.; Pires De Sa, W. W.; Wakeling, B.; Waldon, C. W.F.; Walkden, N.; Walker, M.; Walker, R.; Walsh, M.; Wang, E.; Wang, N.; Warder, S.; Warren, R. J.; Waterhouse, J.; Watkins, N. W.; Watts, C.; Wauters, T.; Weckmann, A.; Weiland, J.; Weisen, H.; Weiszflog, M.; Wellstood, C.; West, A. T.; Wheatley, M. R.; Whetham, S.; Whitehead, A. M.; Whitehead, B. D.; Widdowson, A. M.; Wiesen, S.; Wilkinson, J.; Williams, J.; Williams, M.; Wilson, A. R.; Wilson, D. J.; Wilson, H. R.; Wilson, J.; Wischmeier, M.; Withenshaw, G.; Withycombe, A.; Witts, D. M.; Wood, D.; Wood, R.; Woodley, C.; Wray, S.; Wright, J.; Wright, J. C.; Wu, J.; Wukitch, S.; Wynn, A.; Xu, T.; Yadikin, D.; Yanling, W.; Yao, Lieming; Yavorskij, V.; Yoo, M. G.; Young, C.; Young, D.; Young, I. D.; Young, R.; Zacks, J.; Zagorski, R.; Zaitsev, F. S.; Zanino, R.; Zarins, A.; Zastrow, K. D.; Zerbini, M.; Zhou, Y.; Zhang, Wei; Zilli, E.; Zoita, V.; Zoletnik, S.; Zychor, I.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The 2014-2016 JET results are reviewed in the light of their significance for optimising the ITER research plan for the active and non-active operation. More than 60 h of plasma operation with ITER first wall materials successfully took place since its installation in 2011. New multi-machine scaling of the type I-ELM divertor energy flux density to ITER is supported by first principle modelling. ITER relevant disruption experiments and first principle modelling are reported with a set of three disruption mitigation valves mimicking the ITER setup. Insights of the L-H power threshold in Deuterium and Hydrogen are given, stressing the importance of the magnetic configurations and the recent measurements of fine-scale structures in the edge radial electric. Dimensionless scans of the core and pedestal confinement provide new information to elucidate the importance of the first wall material on the fusion performance. H-mode plasmas at ITER triangularity (H = 1 at β N ∼ 1.8 and n/n GW ∼ 0.6) have been sustained at 2 MA during 5 s. The ITER neutronics codes have been validated on high performance experiments. Prospects for the coming D-T campaign and 14 MeV neutron calibration strategy are reviewed.
  • Parameter dependencies of the experimental nitrogen concentration required for detachment on ASDEX Upgrade and JET
    (2021-09) Henderson, S. S.; Bernert, M.; Giroud, C.; Brida, D.; Cavedon, M.; David, P.; Dux, R.; Harrison, J. R.; Huber, A.; Kallenbach, A.; Karhunen, J.; Lomanowski, B.; Matthews, G.; Meigs, A.; Pitts, R. A.; Reimold, F.; Reinke, M. L.; Silburn, S.; Vianello, N.; Wiesen, S.; Wischmeier, M.; , EUROfusion MST1 Team; , ASDEX Upgrade Team; , JET Contributors
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    While current tokamak experiments are beginning to use real-time feedback control systems to manage the plasma exhaust, future tokamaks still require validation of theoretical models used to predict the threshold impurity concentration required to sufficiently reduce the power and particle fluxes to the divertor. This work exploits new spectroscopic measurements of the divertor nitrogen concentration, cN, in partially detached N2-seeded H-mode plasmas on ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and JET with the ITER-Like Wall (JET-ILW) to test the parameter dependencies of the power flowing to the outer divertor, Pdiv,outer, and the separatrix electron density, ne,sep. A least-squares regression of the AUG measurements demonstrates that the threshold cN required for detachment scales as cN∝Pdiv,outer1.19±0.32ne,sep-2.77±0.36. This scaling of ne,sep is also consistent with the measurements from JET which, at constant Pdiv,outer, show cN∝ne,sep-2.43±0.27. The dependencies of Pdiv,outer and ne,sep is demonstrated over at least a factor of two change in both parameters and indicates a stronger dependence on ne,sep in comparison to the Lengyel model, which could be due to the assumption in this model that the heat flux channel width is independent of density. This first assessment of detachment scaling with impurity seeding highlights the need for further analysis of the systematic uncertainties of the measurement and more consistent scenarios from more tokamaks to investigate the machine size scaling.
  • Peculiarity of highly radiating multi-impurity seeded H-mode plasmas on JET with ITER-like wall
    (2020-01-01) Huber, A.; Wischmeier, M.; Bernert, M.; Wiesen, S.; Glöggler, S.; Aleiferis, S.; Brezinsek, S.; Calabro, G.; Carvalho, P.; Huber, V.; Sergienko, G.; Solano, E. R.; Giroud, C.; Groth, M.; Jachmich, S.; Linsmeier, Ch; Matthews, G. F.; Meigs, A. G.; Mertens, Ph; Sertoli, M.; Silburn, S.; Telesca, G.
     A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa
    On JET with fully metallic first wall, highly radiative conditions with N2, Ne and Ar as well as their mixture as radiators are approached in high density H-mode plasmas. The confinement increases from H 98(y,2) = 0.65 in unseeded pulses with γ rad ∼ 30% to a value of H 98(y,2) = 0.75 at γ rad ∼ 50% with N2 injection. A degradation of the pedestal profile is compensated by steeper core n e and T e profiles. Further increase of γ rad with increase of the N2 seeding rate leads to a moderate confinement degradation which can be avoided by applying of combined impurity seeding. The enhancement of the plasma performance for the radiation fractions beyond 55% with the maximum value of H 98(y,2) = 0.78 is reached with combined N2 + Ne and N2 + Ar impurity injections. The observed intense, strongly localized radiation at the X-point inside the confined plasma in the scenarios with the highest radiated power fraction is interlinked to complete divertor detachment. In the JET-ILW, the X-point radiation is stable, reproducible and reversible.
  • Plasma edge and plasma-wall interaction modelling: Lessons learned from metallic devices
    (2017) Wiesen, S.; Groth, M.; Wischmeier, M.; Brezinsek, S.; Jarvinen, A.; Reimold, F.; Aho-Mantila, L.; , JET Contributors; , EUROfusion MST1 Team; , ASDEX Upgrade Team; , The Alcator C-mod team
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Robust power exhaust schemes employing impurity seeding are needed for target operational scenarios in present day tokamak devices with metallic plasma-facing components (PFCs). For an electricity-producing fusion power plant at power density Psep/R>15MW/m divertor detachment is a requirement for heat load mitigation. 2D plasma edge transport codes like the SOLPS code as well as plasma-wall interaction (PWI) codes are key to disentangle relevant physical processes in power and particle exhaust. With increased quantitative credibility in such codes more realistic and physically sound estimates of the life-time expectations and performance of metallic PFCs can be accomplished for divertor conditions relevant for ITER and DEMO. An overview is given on the recent progress of plasma edge and PWI modelling activities for (carbon-free) metallic devices, that include results from JET with the ITER-like wall, ASDEX Upgrade and Alcator C-mod. It is observed that metallic devices offer an opportunity to progress the understanding of underlying plasma physics processes in the edge. The validation of models can be substantially improved by eliminating carbon from the experiment as well as from the numerical system with reduced degrees of freedom as no chemical sputtering from amorphous carbon layers and no carbon or hydro-carbon transport are present. With the absence of carbon as the primary plasma impurity and given the fact that the physics of the PWI at metallic walls is less complex it is possible to isolate the crucial plasma physics processes relevant for particle and power exhaust. For a reliable 2D dissipative plasma exhaust model these are: cross-field drifts, complete kinetic neutral physics, geometry effects (including main-chamber, divertor and sub-divertor structures), SOL transport reflecting also the non-diffusive nature of anomalous transport, as well as transport within the pedestal region in case of significant edge impurity radiation affecting pedestal pressure and hence Psep.
  • Plasma physics and control studies planned in JT-60SA for ITER and DEMO operations and risk mitigation
    (2022-05) Yoshida, M.; Giruzzi, G.; Aiba, N.; Artaud, J. F.; Ayllon-Guerola, J.; Balbinot, L.; Beeke, O.; Belonohy, E.; Bettini, P.; Bierwage, A.; Bolzonella, T.; Bonotto, M.; Boulbe, C.; Buermans, J.; Chernyshova, M.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Davis, S.; Day, C.; De Tommasi, G.; Dibon, M.; Ejiri, A.; Falchetto, G.; Fassina, A.; Faugeras, B.; Figini, L.; Fukumoto, M.; Futatani, S.; Galazka, K.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Muñoz, M.; Garzotti, L.; Giacomelli, L.; Giudicotti, L.; Hall, S.; Hayashi, N.; Hoa, C.; Honda, M.; Hoshino, K.; Iafrati, M.; Iantchenko, A.; Ide, S.; Iio, S.; Imazawa, R.; Inoue, S.; Isayama, A.; Joffrin, E.; Kamiya, K.; Ko, Y.; Kobayashi, M.; Kobayashi, T.; Kocsis, G.; Kovacsik, A.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Lacroix, B.; Lang, P.; Lauber, Ph; Louzguiti, A.; De La Luna, E.; Marchiori, G.; Mattei, M.; Matsuyama, A.; Mazzi, S.; Mele, A.; Michel, F.; Miyata, Y.; Morales, J.; Moreau, P.; Moro, A.; Nakano, T.; Nakata, M.; Narita, E.; Neu, R.; Nicollet, S.; Nocente, M.; Nowak, S.; Orsitto, F. P.; Ostuni, V.; Ohtani, Y.; Oyama, N.; Pasqualotto, R.; Pégourié, B.; Perelli, E.; Pigatto, L.; Piccinni, C.; Pironti, A.; Platania, P.; Ploeckl, B.; Ricci, D.; Roussel, P.; Rubino, G.; Sano, R.; Särkimäki, K.; Shinohara, K.; Soare, S.; Sozzi, C.; Sumida, S.; Suzuki, T.; Suzuki, Y.; Szabolics, T.; Szepesi, T.; Takase, Y.; Takech, M.; Tamura, N.; Tanaka, K.; Tanaka, H.; Tardocchi, M.; Terakado, A.; Tojo, H.; Tokuzawa, T.; Torre, A.; Tsujii, N.; Tsutsui, H.; Ueda, Y.; Urano, H.; Valisa, M.; Vallar, M.; Vega, J.; Villone, F.; Wakatsuki, T.; Wauters, T.; Wischmeier, M.; Yamoto, S.; Zani, L.; Bin, William
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    A large superconducting machine, JT-60SA has been constructed to provide major contributions to the ITER program and DEMO design. For the success of the ITER project and fusion reactor, understanding and development of plasma controllability in ITER and DEMO relevant higher beta regimes are essential. JT-60SA has focused the program on the plasma controllability for scenario development and risk mitigation in ITER as well as on investigating DEMO relevant regimes. This paper summarizes the high research priorities and strategy for the JT-60SA project. Recent works on simulation studies to prepare the plasma physics and control experiments are presented, such as plasma breakdown and equilibrium controls, hybrid and steady-state scenario development, and risk mitigation techniques. Contributions of JT-60SA to ITER and DEMO have been clarified through those studies.
  • The radiated power limit in impurity seeded JET-ILW plasmas
    (2022-10) Huber, A.; Wischmeier, M.; Wiesen, S.; Bernert, M.; Chankin, A. V.; Aleiferis, S.; Brezinsek, S.; Huber, V.; Sergienko, G.; Giroud, C.; Groth, M.; Jachmich, S.; Linsmeier, Ch; Lomanowski, B.; Lowry, C.; Matthews, G. F.; Meigs, A. G.; Mertens, Ph; Silburn, S.; Telesca, G.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    The total radiated fraction is examined in high density H-mode plasmas (Greenwald fraction of about 85 %) in JET by the variation of the auxiliary heating power of Pheat = 14 MW-29 MW. An achieved radiation fraction of about 75 % at most has been observed in JET-ILW, which is less than the highest achievable (≈90 %) fraction in JET-C during the high radiative power scenarios with N2 seeding. It is shown that the maximal achievable total radiation fraction averaged over ELM cycles has a strong dependence on the radiation efficiency of the ELM energy, θrad: [Formula presented] About 50 % and 16 % of the ELM induced diamagnetic energy drop (ΔWELM) radiates during the ELM in JET-C and JET-ILW, respectively, which corresponds to the maximum total radiated powers of γrad,JET-Cmax=0.87 and γrad,JET-ILWmax=0.77. These values of the maximum of the radiative power fractions are in good agreement with γradmax experimentally observed in JET-C (90 %) and JET-ILW (75 %).
  • Recent progress of JT-60SA project toward plasma operation
    (2024-11-01) Shirai, H.; Takahashi, K.; Di Pietro, E.; Abate, D.; Abdel Maksoud, W.; Abe, H.; Aiba, N.; Abe, T.; Akimitsu, M.; Ayllon-Guerola, J.; Arai, T.; Artaud, J. F.; Asakura, N.; Ashikawa, N.; Balbinot, L.; Barabaschi, P.; Baulaigue, O.; Belonohy, E.; Belpane, A.; Bin, W.; Bombarda, F.; Bolzonella, T.; Bonne, F.; Bonotto, M.; Botija, J.; Buermans, J.; Cabrera-Pérez, S.; Cardella, A.; Carralero, D.; Carraro, L.; Cavalier, J.; Cavinato, M.; Chernyshova, M.; Chiba, S.; Clement-Lorenzo, S.; Cocilovo, V.; Coda, S.; Coelho, R.; Coffey, I.; Collin, B.; Corato, V.; Cucchiaro, A.; Czarski, T.; Dairaku, M.; Davis, S.; Day, C.; Dela Luna, E.; De Tommasi, G.; Decool, P.; Di Pace, L.; Dibon, M.; Disset, G.; D’Lsa, F.; Ejiri, A.; Endo, Y.; Ezumi, N.; Falchetto, G.; Fassina, A.; Fejoz, P.; Ferro, A.; Fietz, W.; Figini, L.; Fornal, T.; Frello, G.; Fujita, T.; Fukuda, T.; Fukui, K.; Fukumoto, M.; Funaba, H.; Furukawa, M.; Futatani, S.; Gabellieri, L.; Gaio, E.; Galazka, K.; Garcia, J.; Garcia-Dominguez, J.; Garcia-Lopez, J.; Garcia-Munoz, M.; Garzotti, L.; Gasparini, F.; Gharafi, S.; Giacomelli, L.; Ginoulhiac, G.; Giruzzi, G.; Giudicotti, L.; Gonzalez-Martin, J.; Guillén-González, R.; Hajnal, N.; Hall, S.; Hamada, K.; Hanada, K.; Hanada, M.; Hasegawa, K.; Hatakeyama, S.; Hauer, V.; Hayashi, N.; Hayashi, T.; Heller, R.; Hidalgo-Salaverri, J.; Higashijima, S.; Hinata, J.; Hiranai, S.; Hiratsuka, J.; Hiwatari, R.; Hoa, C.; Homma, H.; Honda, A.; Honda, M.; Hoshino, K.; Hurzlmeier, H.; Iafrati, M.; Ibano, K.; Ichige, H.; Ichikawa, M.; Ichimura, M.; Ida, K.; Ide, S.; Idei, H.; Iguchi, M.; Iijima, T.; Iio, S.; Ikeda, R.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, T.; Imazawa, R.; Inagaki, S.; Inomoto, M.; Inoue, S.; Isayama, A.; Ishida, S.; Ishii, Y.; Isobe, M.; Janky, F.; Joffrin, E.; Jokinen, A.; Kado, S.; Kajita, S.; Kajiwara, K.; Kamada, Y.; Kamata, I.; Kaminaga, A.; Kamiya, K.; Kanapienyte, D.; Kashiwa, Y.; Kashiwagi, M.; Katayama, K.; Kawamata, Y.; Kawamura, G.; Kawano, K.; Kazakov, Y.; Kimura, K.; Kin, F.; Kisaki, M.; Kitajima, S.; Kiyono, K.; Kizu, K.; Ko, Y.; Kobayashi, K.; Kobayashi, M.; Kobayashi, S.; Kobayashi, Ta; Kobayashi, To; Kocsis, G.; Kojima, A.; Kokusen, S.; Komata, M.; Komuro, K.; Konishi, S.; Kovacsik, A.; Ksiazek, I.; Kubkowska, M.; Kühner, G.; Kuramochi, M.; Kurihara, K.; Kurki-Suonio, T.; Kurniawan, A. B.; Kuwata, T.; Lacroix, B.; Lamaison, V.; Lampasi, A.; Lang, P.; Lauber, P.; Lawson, K.; LeCoz, Q.; Louzguiti, A.; Maekawa, R.; Maekawa, T.; Maeyama, S.; Maffia, G.; Maget, P.; Mailloux, J.; Maione, I.; Maistrello, A.; Malinowski, K.; Mancini, A.; Marchiori, G.; Marechal, J. L.; Massaut, V.; Masuzaki, S.; Matoike, R.; Matsunaga, G.; Matsunaga, S.; Matsuyama, A.; Mayri, Ch; Mattei, M.; Medrano, M.; Mele, A.; Meyer, I.; Michel, F.; Minami, T.; Miyata, Y.; Miyazawa, J.; Miyo, Y.; Mizuuchi, T.; Mogaki, K.; Morales, J.; Moreau, P.; Morisaki, T.; Morishima, S.; Moriyama, S.; Moro, A.; Murakami, H.; Murayama, M.; Murakami, S.; Nagasaki, K.; Naito, O.; Nakamura, N.; Nakamura, S.; Nakano, T.; Nakashima, Y.; Nardino, V.; Narita, E.; Narushima, Y.; Natsume, K.; Nemoto, S.; Neu, R.; Nicollet, S.; Nishikawa, M.; Nishimura, S.; Nishitani, T.; Nishiura, M.; Nishiyama, T.; Nocente, M.; Nobuta, Y.; Novello, L.; Nunio, F.; Ochoa, S.; Ogawa, K.; Ogawa, T.; Ogawa, Y.; Ohdachi, S.; Ohmori, Y.; Ohno, N.; Ohtani, Y.; Ohtsu, K.; Ohzeki, M.; Oishi, T.; Okano, J.; Okano, K.; Onishi, Y.; Osakabe, M.; Oshima, T.; Ostuni, V.; Owada, A.; Oya, M.; Oya, Y.; Ozeki, T.; Parody Guzmán, M. M.; Pasqualotto, R.; Pelli, S.; Perelli, E.; Peretti, E.; Phillips, G.; Piccinni, C.; Pigatto, L.; Pironti, A.; Pizzuto, A.; Plöckl, B.; Polli, G.; Poncet, J. M.; Ponsot, P.; Pucella, G.; Puiatti, M.; Radloff, D.; Raimondi, V.; Ramos, F.; Rancsik, P.; Ricci, D.; Ricciarini, S.; Richermoz, N.; Rincon, E.; Romano, A.; Rossi, P.; Roussel, P.; Rubino, G.; Saeki, H.; Sagara, A.; Sakakibara, S.; Sakamoto, H.; Sakamoto, Miki; Sakamoto, Mizu; Sakamoto, Y.; Sakasai, A.; Sakata, S.; Sakurai, R.; Salanon, B.; Salmi, A.; Sannazzaro, G.; Sano, R.; Sanpei, A.; Sasajima, T.; Sasaki, S.; Sasao, H.; Sato, F.; Sato, M.; Sato, T.; Sawahata, M.; Scherber, A.; Scully, S.; Segado-Fernandez, J.; Seki, M.; Seki, N.; Seki, S.; Shibama, Y.; Shibata, Y.; Shikama, T.; Shimada, K.; Shimono, M.; Shinde, J.; Shinya, T.; Shinohara, K.; Shiraishi, J.; Soare, S.; Soleto, A.; Someya, Y.; Sonoda, S.; Sozzi, C.; Streciwilk-Kowalska, E.; Strobel, H.; Sueoka, M.; Sukegawa, A.; Sumida, S.; Suzuki, H.; Suzuki, Ma; Suzuki, Mi; Suzuki, S.; Suzuki, T.; Suzuki, Y.; Svoboda, J.; Szabolics, T.; Szepesi, T.; Takase, Y.; Takechi, M.; Takeda, K.; Takeiri, Y.; Takenaga, H.; Taliercio, C.; Tamura, N.; Tanaka, Hiro; Tanaka, Hito; Tanaka, K.; Tanaka, Y.; Tani, K.; Tanigawa, H.; Tardocchi, M.; Terakado, A.; Terakado, M.; Terakado, T.; Teuchner, B.; Tilia, B.; Tobari, H.; Tobita, H.; Tobita, K.; Toi, K.; Toida, N.; Tojo, H.; Tokitani, M.; Tokuzawa, T.; Tormarchio, V.; Tomine, M.; Torre, A.; Totsuka, T.; Tsuchiya, K.; Tsujii, N.; Tsuru, D.; Tsutsui, H.; Uchida, M.; Ueda, Y.; Uno, J.; Urano, H.; Usui, K.; Utoh, H.; Valisa, M.; Vallar, M.; Vallcorba-Carbonel, R.; Vallet, J. C.; Varela, J.; Vega, J.; Verrecchia, M.; Vieillard, L.; Villone, F.; Vincenzi, P.; Wada, K.; Wada, R.; Wakatsuki, T.; Wanner, M.; Watanabe, F.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, S.; Wauters, T.; Wiesen, S.; Wischmeier, M.; Yagi, M.; Yagyu, J.; Yajima, M.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamanaka, H.; Yamauchi, K.; Yamauchi, Y.; Yamazaki, H.; Yamazaki, K.; Yamazaki, R.; Yamoto, S.; Yanagi, S.; Yanagihara, K.; Yokooka, S.; Yokoyama, M.; Yokoyama, T.; Yoshida, M.; Yoshimura, M.; Yoshizawa, N.; Yuinawa, K.; Zani, L.; Zito, P.
     A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
    Superconducting (SC) tokamak JT-60SA plays an essential role in fusion research and development by supporting and complementing the ITER project, providing directions to the DEMO design activity and fostering next generation scientists and engineers. Since the short circuit incident at the terminal joints of equilibrium field coil #1 during the integrated commissioning (IC) in March 2021, both EU and JA implementing agencies (IAs) have examined how to ensure safe operation of JT-60SA by mitigating the risk of possible discharge occurrence inside the cryostat. Based on the experience of the global Paschen tests, the IAs have established a strategy of risk mitigation measures, which is a combination of (i) reinforcement of insulation, (ii) avoiding unnecessary voltage application to the coil systems and (iii) immediate de-energization of the coils when deteriorated vacuum conditions are detected. Thanks to the considerable efforts of the Integrated Project Team members, the IC restarted in May 2023. After confirmation of the SC state of the coil systems (TF, EF and CS), the coil energization test and the plasma operation phase 1 (OP-1) started. The first plasma was successfully achieved on 23 October 2023 with a limited value of voltage and current applied to the coils. The plasma configuration control was also confirmed with low plasma current and low auxiliary heating power conditions. Based on the IO-F4E-QST collaboration, activities of JT-60SA have been shared with the IO and provided an important lesson for ITER assembly and commissioning, and will provide an outstanding contribution to fusion research at large. After OP-1, maintenance & enhancement phase 1 (M/E-1) starts from January 2024, in which in-vessel components are installed, and heating and diagnostic systems are extensively upgraded to allow a high power heating experiment planned in OP-2. In order to make the best use of JT-60SA, a newly organized JT-60SA experiment team will refine the research plan for the future high heating power operation phase.