Browsing by Author "Virtanen, Mika Juhana"

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    Modelling debt capacity based on company credit ratings. Case YIT Group.
    (2007) Virtanen, Mika Juhana; Laskentatoimen ja rahoituksen laitos; Department of Accounting and Finance; Kauppakorkeakoulu; School of Business
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    Purchasing Processes in Project and Maintenance Business
    (2007) Virtanen, Mika Juhana; Nurkkala, Ahti; Wegelius-Lehtonen, Tutu; Tuotantotalouden osasto; Teknillinen korkeakoulu; Helsinki University of Technology; Artto, Karlos
    The objective of this research is to recognise efficient function-level purchasing process models for project and maintenance businesses. Function-level models are defined as models, where only the functions are illustrated and more detailed tasks are excluded. The objective is attained by formulating efficient function-level purchasing process models for project and maintenance businesses. The formulated models are generated by using the purchasing models identified in the literary review. These models were chosen to recognise the special features of project and maintenance businesses, but also general models are included in the analysis. In addition to the literary review the formulated models take into account the firm's business units' current purchasing models for straight material and service purchases, the identified improvement opportunities in the purchasing processes and the objective task-level models constructed for the firm's business units. Based on the material gathered during the research process a nine function purchasing model was constructed for project business. Two clear processes were identified in the model, the tender process and the implementation process. The tender process includes the first three functions of the process: identifying the customer's need and making the decision to begin the tender process, defining the purchasing need and making an initial purchasing plan, and identifying the net price and condition of sale and defining more closely the purchasing plan. The second part, the implementation process, includes the last six functions: organizing the project's internal opening meeting, updating the purchasing plan and deciding on the purchasing method to be used, placing the purchase order and verifying the client confirmation, receiving and entering the delivery in the data system, collecting the project documents from suppliers and clearing the invoice and paying the supplier. Also based on the material gathered during the conducted research process a seven function purchasing process for maintenance business was constructed. The formulated model consists of one coherent process, that includes the following seven general functions: identifying the customer's need and defining the purchasing needs, deciding on the purchasing method to be used, placing the purchase order and verifying the client confirmation, delivery control, receiving and checking the delivery and entering the delivery in the system, collecting the project documents from suppliers and clearing the invoice. In addition, recommendations on the potential improvement sites in the purchasing processes were given based on the findings made in the empirical study.