Browsing by Author "Tuominen, Jouni"
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Item Aalto observatory for digital valuation systems(CEUR, 2018) Huttunen, Jenni; Joutsenvirta, Maria; Nikander, Pekka; Department of Communications and Networking; Department of Management Studies; Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering; Mäkelä, Eetu; Tolonen, Mikko; Tuominen, JouniMoney is a recognised factor in creating sustainable, affluent societies. Yet, the neoclassical orthodoxy that prevails in our economic thinking remains as a contested area, its supporters claiming their results to be objectively true while many heterodox economists claim the whole system to stand on clay feet. Of late, the increased activity around complementary currencies suggest that the fiat money zeitgeist might be giving away to more variety in our monetary system. Rather than emphasizing what money does, as the mainstream economists do, other fields of science allow us to approach money as an integral part of the hierarchies and networks of exchange through which it circulates. This paper suggests that a broad understanding of money and more variety in monetary system have great potentials to further a more equalitarian and sustainable economy. They can drive the extension of society to more inclusive levels and transform people's economic roles and identities in the process. New technologies, including blockchain and smart ledger technology are able to support decentralized money creation through the use of shared and "open" peer-To-peer rewarding and IOU systems. Alongside of specialists and decision makers' capabilities, our project most pressingly calls for engaging citizens into the process early on. Multidisciplinary competencies are needed to take relevant action to investigate, envision and foster novel ways for value creation. For this, we are forming the Aalto Observatory on Digital Valuation Systems to gain deeper understandings of sustainable value creation structures enabled by new technology.Item AATOS – A configurable tool for automatic annotation(2017) Tamper, Minna; Leskinen, Petri; Ikkala, Esko; Oksanen, Arttu; Mäkelä, Eetu; Heino, Erkki; Tuominen, Jouni; Koho, Mikko; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen EeroThis paper presents an automatic annotation tool AATOS for providing documents with semantic annotations. The tool links entities found from the texts to ontologies defined by the user. The application is highly configurable and can be used with different natural language Finnish texts. The application was developed as a part of the WarSampo (http://seco.cs.aalto.fi/projects/sotasampo/en/) and Semantic Finlex (http://seco.cs.aalto.fi/projects/lawlod/en/) projects and tested using Kansa Taisteli magazine articles and consolidated Finnish legislation of Semantic Finlex. The quality of the automatic annotation was evaluated by measuring precision and recall against existing manual annotations. The results showed that the quality of the input text, as well as the selection and configuration of the ontologies impacted the results.Item Akatemiasampo-portaali ja -datapalvelu henkilöiden ja henkilöryhmien historialliseen tutkimukseen (AcademySampo Portal and Data Service for Biographical and Prosopographical Research)(Informaatiotutkimuksen yhdistys, 2021-05-01) Hyvönen, Eero; Leskinen, Petri; Rantala, Heikki; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Computer Science Professors; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Tietotekniikan laitosAcademySampo – Academic people in Finland 1640–1899 is a portal and a Linked Open Data service on the Semantic Web. AcademySampo contains richly interlinked open data about all people that have got academic education in Finland in 1640–1899. The system is targeted to researchers and the general public for biographical and prosopographical research. This review gives an overview on how AcademySampo can be utilized in practise with its novel digital humanities tools included in the portal and by using the data service via APIs.Item AMMO ontology of Finnish historical occupations(RWTH Aachen University, 2019) Koho, Mikko; Gasbarra, Lia; Tuominen, Jouni; Rantala, Heikki; Jokipii, Ilkka; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; University of HelsinkiThis paper introduces AMMO Ontology of Finnish Historical Occupations. AMMO is based on thousands of occupational labels extracted from three Finnish military historical datasets of the early 20th century: the first consists of the ca. 40 000 war-related death records around the time of the Finnish Civil War (1914–1922); the second consists of the ca. 95 000 death records of Finnish soldiers in the Second World War (1939–1945); the third contains the ca. 4500 records of Finnish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union during the WW2. Our goal from a Digital Humanities perspective is to use AMMO to study military history and these datasets based on the occupation and social status of the soldiers. AMMO will also be used as a component for faceted search and semantic recommendation in two semantic portals for Finnish military history. AMMO is aligned with the international historical occupation classification HISCO and with a modern Finnish occupational classification for international and national interoperability. The ontology is published as Linked Open Data in an ontology service.Item Analyzing and Visualizing Prosopographical Linked Data Based on Biographies(2018) Leskinen, Petri; Hyvönen, Eero; Tuominen, Jouni; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Department of Computer Science; Fokkens, Antske; ter Braake, Serge; Sluijter, Ronald; Arthur, Paul; Wandl-Vogt, EvelineThis paper shows how faceted search on biographical data can be utilized as a flexible basis for filtering target groups of people and, in particular, how generic data analysis and visualizations tools can then be applied for solving prosopographical research questions based on the filtered data. This idea is demonstrated and evaluated in practice by presenting two application case studies: 1) linked data extracted from a printed registry of over 10 000 alumni (1867–1992) of the prominent Finnish high school Norssi, and 2) a knowledge graph extracted from 13 000 short biographies of significant Finnish people (from 3rd century to present times) in the National Biography of Finland. In both cases, the data is enriched by linking their entities with several other external datasets.Item Anonymization Service for Finnish Case Law: Opening Data without Sacrificing Data Protection and Privacy of Citizens(2018-10) Tamper, Minna; Oksanen, Arttu; Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Hietanen, Aki; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Department of Computer Science; Ministry of Justice of FinlandItem An Anonymization Tool for Open Data Publication of Legal Documents(RWTH Aachen University, 2022) Oksanen, Arttu; Hyvönen, Eero; Tamper, Minna; Tuominen, Jouni; Ylimaa, Henna; Löytynoja, Katja; Kokkonen, Matti; Hietanen, Aki; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Statistics Finland; Ministry of Justice of FinlandThe EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires anonymization of documents containing personal data, such as court decisions, for public use. Doing this manually is costly and time-consuming but can be automated by applying Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods. This paper introduces the ANOPPI tool developed for (semi-)automatic anonymization of Finnish texts. The tool can be used both as a web application and programmatically through a REST API. Evaluation shows that ANOPPI performs well with different types of documents, however, further improving the performance of the named entity recognition and disambiguation methods would enhance the usefulness of the software. The tool is being published as open source for public use by the Ministry of Justice in Finland. A use case of ANOPPI is to publish court decisions on the Web in the LawSampo semantic portal for human close reading and as Linked Open Data for data analysis in legal informatics.Item ANOPPI(2019) Oksanen, Arttu; Tamper, Minna; Tuominen, Jouni; Hietanen, Aki; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Ministry of Justice of FinlandTo comply with the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) publishing court judgments online requires that personal data contained in them must be disguised. However, anonymizing the documents manually is a costly and time-consuming procedure. This paper presents Anoppi service for automatic and semi-automatic pseudonymization of Finnish court judgments. Utilizing both statistics- and rule-based named entity recognition methods and morphological analysis, Anoppi is able to automatically pseudonymize documents written in Finnish preserving their readability and layout. The service is currently still in development but pilot tests are going to be carried out in Finnish courts in 2020.Item Automatic Annotation Service APPI: Named Entity Linking in Legal Domain(Springer, 2020) Tamper, Minna; Oksanen, Arttu; Tuominen, Jouni; Hietanen, Aki; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Harth, Andreas; Presutti, Valentina; Troncy, Raphaël; Acosta, Maribel; Polleres, Axel; Fernández, Javier D.; Xavier Parreira, Josiane; Hartig, Olaf; Hose, Katja; Cochez, Michael; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Ministry of Justice, FinlandTexts referencing court decisions and statutes can be difficult to understand without context. It can be time consuming and expensive to find related statutes or to learn about context specific terminology. As a solution, we utilized a named entity linking tool for extracting information and tailored it into a service, Appi, that can automatically annotate legal documents to provide context to the readers. The service can identify and link named entities and references to legal texts to corresponding vocabularies and data sources by combining statistics- and rule-based named entity recognition with named entity linking. The results provide users with enhanced reading experience with contextual information and the possibility to access related materials, such as statutes and court decisions.Item Bio CRM(2018-01-01) Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Leskinen, Petri; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen E.Biographies make a promising application case of Linked Data: they can be used, e.g., as a basis for Digital Humanities research in prosopography and as a key data and linking resource in semantic Cultural Heritage (CH) portals. In both use cases, a semantic data model for harmonizing and interlinking heterogeneous data from different sources is needed. This paper presents such a data model, Bio CRM, with the following key ideas: 1) The model is a domain specific extension of CIDOC CRM, making it applicable to not only biographical data but to other CH data, too. 2) The model makes a distinction between enduring unary roles of actors, their enduring binary relationships, and perduing events, where the participants can take different roles modeled as a role concept hierarchy. 3) The model can be used as a basis for semantic data validation and enrichment by reasoning. 4) The enriched data conforming to Bio CRM is targeted to be used by SPARQL queries in a flexible ways using a hierarchy of roles in which participants can be involved in events.Item Bio CRM: A Data Model for Representing Biographical Data for Prosopographical Research(2018) Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Leskinen, Petri; Department of Computer Science; Fokkens, Antske; ter Braake, Serge; Sluijter, Ronald; Arthur, Paul; Wandl-Vogt, Eveline; Professorship Hyvönen EeroBiographies make a promising application case of Linked Data: they can be used, e.g., as a basis for Digital Humanities research in prosopography and as a key data and linking resource in semantic Cultural Heritage (CH) portals. In both use cases, a semantic data model for harmonizing and interlinking heterogeneous data from different sources is needed. This paper presents such a data model, Bio CRM, with the following key ideas: 1) The model is a domain specific extension of CIDOC CRM, making it applicable to not only biographical data but to other CH data, too. 2) The model makes a distinction between enduring unary roles of actors, their enduring binary relationships, and perduing events, where the participants can take different roles modeled as a role concept hierarchy. 3) The model can be used as a basis for semantic data validation and enrichment by reasoning. 4) The enriched data conforming to Bio CRM is targeted to be used by SPARQL queries in a flexible ways using a hierarchy of roles in which participants can be involved in events.Item Biografiasampo yhdistää ja rikastaa suomalaiset elämäkerrat linkitettynä datana semanttisessa webissä (Biographysampo links and enriches Finnish biographies as linked data on the Semantic Web(Informaatiotutkimuksen yhdistys, 2021-06-01) Hyvönen, Eero; Leskinen, Petri; Tamper, Minna; Rantala, Heikki; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Keravuori, Kirsi; Computer Science Professors; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Tietotekniikan laitos; Finnish Literature SocietyInformaatiotutkimuksen tavoitteena on kehittää uusia tapoja tuottaa, organisoida ja käyttää tietoa sekä yksilöiden että organisaatioiden näkökulmasta. Tässä katsauksessa esitellään kulttuurihistoriallisen tiedon tuottajia ja käyttäjiä palvelevan ns. Sampo-mallin sovellus Biografiasampo kansalaisille, digitaalisten ihmistieteiden tutkijoille ja uusien sovellusten kehittäjille. Biografiasammon kunnianhimoisena tavoitteena on käynnistää uusi aikakausi elämäkertakokoelmien julkaisemisessa ja käyttämisessä verkossa semanttisen webin teknologioita ja linkitetyn avoimen datan julkaisuperiaatteita hyödyntäen. Innovaationa on luoda kieliteknologian, tekoälyn ja semanttisen webin teknologioiden avulla elämäkertojen teksteistä ja niihin eri lähteissä liittyvistä tietokannoista tietämysverkko (knowledge graph) osana kansallista tietoinfrastruktuuria. Sovelluksen ydinaineistona ovat Kansallisbiografia ja muut Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran toimittamat ja julkaisemat pienoiselämäkerrat, yhteensä 13 100 elämäntarinaa, joita on kirjoittanut 980 suomalaista tutkijaa maamme suurimmaksi sanotussa historiantutkimuksen hankkeessa. Elämäkerroista louhittua dataa on rikastettu automaattisen loogisen päättelyn avulla ja linkittämällä sitä 16 muuhun tietolähteeseen. Tietämysverkko on julkaistu linkitetyn avoimen datan Linked Data Finland -palvelussa. Datapalvelun avulla on toteutettu seitsemästä sovellusnäkymästä koostuva älykäs, avoin ja maksuton verkkopalvelu biografiasampo.fi, jolla on ollut noin 50 000 käyttäjää. Sekä järjestelmän elämäkerrat että niistä louhittu data ovat avoimesti käytettävissä datapalveluna Linked Data Finland -alustalla.Item BiographySampo – Publishing and enriching biographies on the semantic web for digital humanities research(Springer, 2019-06-02) Hyvönen, Eero; Leskinen, Petri; Tamper, Minna; Rantala, Heikki; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Keravuori, Kirsi; Department of Computer Science; Zaveri, Amrapali; Gray, Alasdair J.G.; Hammar, Karl; Hitzler, Pascal; Lopez, Vanessa; Janowicz, Krzysztof; Fernández, Miriam; Haller, Armin; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Finnish Literature SocietyThis paper argues for making a paradigm shift in publishing and using biographical dictionaries on the web, based on Linked Data. The idea is to provide the user with enhanced reading experience of biographies by enriching contents with data linking and reasoning. In addition, versatile tooling for (1) biographical research of individual persons as well as for (2) prosopographical research on groups of people are provided. To demonstrate and evaluate the new possibilities, we present the semantic portal “BiographySampo – Finnish Biographies on the Semantic Web”. The system is based on a knowledge graph extracted automatically from a collection of 13 100 textual biographies, enriched with data linking to 16 external data sources, and by harvesting external collection data from libraries, museums, and archives. The portal was released in September 2018 for free public use at http://biografiasampo.fi.Item Building a Linked Open Data Portal of War Victims in Finland 1914-1922(CEUR, 2020-10) Rantala, Heikki; Jokipii, Ilkka; Koho, Mikko; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; University of HelsinkiThis paper presents results from a project that publishes data about the war victims in Finland in 1914–22 as a Linked Open Data service and a portal of tools called WARVICTIMSAMPO 1914–22 to explore and analyze the data. At the same time, the data is extended with new information and cleaned from mistakes when found. The project is based on the database War Victims of Finland 1914–22 (“Sotasurmat 1914–22”) of the National Archives of Finland and related data compiled during the project. This database contains some 40000 death records, most of which are due to the Finnish Civil War but some are related to the First World War and the Kindred Nations Wars. In addition to the war victims, our data includes information about 1200 battles of the Civil War and various prisoner camps. A key novelty of WARVICTIMSAMPO 1914–22 is the integration of ready-to-use Digital Humanities tooling with the data service, which allows, e.g., studying information about wider prosopographical groups in addition to individual victims. We show by examples how using the tools of the portal the data can be better explored and analyzed for research and education purposes.Item A citizen science approach to archaeology: Finnish archaeological finds recording linked open database (SUALT)(RWTH Aachen University, 2019-05-17) Wessman, Anna; Thomas, Suzie; Rohiola, Ville; Kuitunen, Jutta; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Koho, Mikko; Hyvönen, Eero; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; University of Helsinki; Finnish Heritage AgencyIn this paper, we present an ongoing project called Finnish Archaeological Finds Recording Linked Open Database (Suomen arkeologisten löytöjen linkitetty avoin tietokanta – SuALT), including the reasons why this citizen science project is underway. SuALT will be a digital web service catering for discoveries of archaeological material made by the public; especially, but not exclusively, metal-detectorists. SuALT engages the citizens by providing them access to contextualized data about other related finds by linking data from different data sources in Finland and beyond. SuALT is a collaborative consortium project. The project team members work in three sub-projects, each led by a different organization and thus represents a broad interdisciplinary group, that combines specialisms from archaeology, semantic computing, cultural heritage studies, and archaeological heritage management. Subproject 1, which is based at the Department of Cultures at the University of Helsinki, focuses on user needs research and on the public Cultural Heritage interactions. Subproject 2, based in both Aalto University and in Helsinki Centre for Digital Humanities at the University of Helsinki, is specializing on the technology and implementation of the SuALT prototype. Subproject 3 works with ensuring the sustainability of SuALT at the Finnish Heritage Agency, the organization that will manage the database after the end of this project in 2021.Item Citizen science archaeological finds on the Semantic Web: The FindSampo framework(Cambridge University Press, 2021-08) Hyvönen, Eero; Rantala, Heikki; Ikkala, Esko; Koho, Mikko; Tuominen, Jouni; Anafi, Babatunde; Thomas, Suzie; Wessman, Anna; Oksanen, Eljas; Rohiola, Ville; Kuitunen, Jutta; Ryyppö, Minna; Department of Computer Science; Computer Science Professors; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML); Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Department of Computer Science; University of Helsinki; Finnish Heritage AgencyFindSampo fosters collecting, sharing, publishing and studying archaeological finds discovered by the public. The framework includes the following: a mobile find-reporting system; a semantic portal for researchers, the public and collection managers to use; and a Linked Open Data service for creating custom data analyses and for application developers.Item Citizen Science in Archaeology(2019-06-15) Wessman, Anna; Thomas, Suzie; Rohiola, Ville; Koho, Mikko; Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Kuitunen, Jutta; Parviainen, Helinä; Niukkanen, Marianna; University of Helsinki; Museovirasto; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Department of Computer ScienceMetal detecting has become a vivid area of citizen science. In many countries where metal detecting is legal, the rapidly increasing number of finds submitted to authorities managing national archaeological databases has overwhelmed the capabilities of those maintaining the records. We propose an innovative approach for solving the problem by presenting a case study, the Finnish Archaeological Finds Recording Linked Open Database (SuALT) project. The idea is to engage the citizens more deeply in the process of maintaining the database in a mentally rewarding way by educating and helping citizens to make their find reports more accurately and as easily as possible, in place at the find location using a mobile device. SuALT provides a sustainable archaeological repository of Linked Data in Finland, interlinked with related international systems that shall continue to facilitate public engagements with cultural heritage, and research opportunities, long after the project has ended.Item Communication now and then: analyzing the Republic of Letters as a communication network(SPRINGER, 2022-05-10) Ureña-Carrion, Javier; Leskinen, Petri; Tuominen, Jouni; van den Heuvel, Charles; Hyvönen, Eero; Kivelä, Mikko; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Saramäki J.; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Computer Science Professors; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML); Computer Science - Complex Systems (Cxsys); Professorship Kivelä Mikko; Department of Computer Science; Huygens Institute for the History of the NetherlandsHuge advances in understanding patterns of human communication, and the underlying social networks where it takes place, have been made recently using massive automatically recorded data sets from digital communication, such as emails and phone calls. However, it is not clear to what extent these results on human behaviour are artefacts of contemporary communication technology and culture and if the fundamental patterns in communication have changed over history. This paper presents an analysis of historical epistolary metadata with the aim of comparing the underlying historical communication patterns with those of contemporary communication. Our work uses a new epistolary dataset containing metadata on over 150,000 letters sent between the 16th and 19th centuries. The analyses indicate striking resemblances between contemporary and epistolary communication network patterns, including dyadic interactions and ego-level behaviour. Certain aspects of the letter datasets are insufficient to corroborate other similarities or differences for these communication networks. Despite these drawbacks, our work helps confirm that several features of human communication are not artefacts of contemporary mediums or culture, but are likely elements of human behaviour.Item Constellations of Correspondence: a Linked Data Service and Portal for Studying Large and Small Networks of Epistolary Exchange in the Grand Duchy of Finland(RWTH Aachen University, 2022) Tuominen, Jouni; Koho, Mikko; Pikkanen, Ilona; Drobac, Senka; Enqvist, Johanna; Hyvönen, Eero; La Mela, Matti; Leskinen, Petri; Paloposki, Hanna Leena; Rantala, Heikki; Department of Computer Science; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Computer Science Professors; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML); Finnish Literature Society; University of Helsinki; Uppsala UniversityThis paper presents the vision of aggregating, harmonizing, and publishing letter catalog metadata (information e.g. of senders, receivers and datings of letters) from cultural heritage (CH) institutions in Finland as a single reconciled Linked Open Data (LOD) service and a semantic portal providing data analytical tools for researchers. The research is conducted as part of the consortium research project Constellations of Correspondence (CoCo). The target of the project is to study - for the first time - scattered, heterogeneous epistolary metadata regarding the period of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809-1917) as one, integrated dataset and make it interoperable and available. This will enable scholars to ask ambitious research questions in the field of computer science and to conduct empirical, bottom-up case studies e.g. on epistolary culture, communicative networks, and heritagization processes. This paper discusses one of the first datasets acquired by the project, the letter collection of the Board of the Finnish Art Society (1846-1901), provided by the Finnish National Gallery, which contains details of c. 1150 letters sent or received by c. 400 actors.Item Contextualizing Historical Places in a Gazetteer by Using Historical Maps and Linked Data(2016-07-11) Ikkala, Esko; Tuominen, Jouni; Hyvönen, Eero; Professorship Hyvönen Eero; Department of Computer Science
