Browsing by Author "Palasingh, Chonnipa"

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Potential of Wood Hemicelluloses and Their Derivates as Food Ingredients
(2023-02-15) Abik, Felix; Palasingh, Chonnipa; Bhattarai, Mamata; Leivers, Shaun; Ström, Anna; Westereng, Bjørge; Mikkonen, Kirsi S.; Nypelö, Tiina
A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
A holistic utilization of all lignocellulosic wood biomass, instead of the current approach of using only the cellulose fraction, is crucial for the efficient, ecological, and economical use of the forest resources. Use of wood constituents in the food and feed sector is a potential way of promoting the global economy. However, industrially established food products utilizing such components are still scarce, with the exception of cellulose derivatives. Hemicelluloses that include xylans and mannans are major constituents of wood. The wood hemicelluloses are structurally similar to hemicelluloses from crops, which are included in our diet, for example, as a part of dietary fibers. Hence, structurally similar wood hemicelluloses have the potential for similar uses. We review the current status and future potential of wood hemicelluloses as food ingredients. We include an inventory of the extraction routes of wood hemicelluloses, their physicochemical properties, and some of their gastrointestinal characteristics, and we also consider the regulatory route that research findings need to follow to be approved for food solutions, as well as the current status of the wood hemicellulose applications on that route.
Role of intrinsic and extrinsic xylan in softwood kraft pulp fiber networks
(2024-01-01) Schaubeder, Jana B.; Spirk, Stefan; Fliri, Lukas; Orzan, Eliott; Biegler, Veronika; Palasingh, Chonnipa; Selinger, Julian; Bakhshi, Adelheid; Bauer, Wolfgang; Hirn, Ulrich; Nypelö, Tiina
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä
Xylan is primarily found in the secondary cell wall of plants providing strength and integrity. To take advantage of the reinforcing effect of xylan in papermaking, it is crucial to understand its role in pulp fibers, as it undergoes substantial changes during pulping. However, the contributions of xylan that is added afterwards (extrinsic) and xylan present after pulping (intrinsic) remain largely unexplored. Here, we partially degraded xylan from refined bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) and adsorbed xylan onto BSKP. Enzymatic degradation of 1 % xylan resulted in an open hand sheet structure, while adsorption of 3 % xylan created a denser fiber network. The mechanical properties improved with adsorbed xylan, but decreased more significantly after enzymatic treatment. We propose that the enhancement in mechanical properties by adsorbed extrinsic xylan is due to increased fiber-fiber bonds and sheet density, while the deterioration in mechanical properties of the enzyme treated pulp is caused by the opposite effect. These findings suggest that xylan is decisive for fiber network strength. However, intrinsic xylan is more critical, and the same properties cannot be achieved by readsorbing xylan onto the fibers. Therefore, pulping parameters should be selected to preserve intrinsic xylan within the fibers to maintain paper strength.