Browsing by Author "Nyari, Judit"
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
- Application of Synthetic Renewable Methanol to Power the Future Propulsion
A4 Artikkeli konferenssijulkaisussa(2020-09-15) Santasalo-Aarnio, Annukka; Nyari, Judit; Wojcieszyk, Michal; Kaario, Ossi; Kroyan, Yuri; Magdeldin, Mohamed; Larmi, Martti; Järvinen, MikaAs CO2 emissions from traffic must be reduced and fossil-based traffic fuels need to phase out, bio-based traffic fuels alone cannot meet the future demand due to their restricted availability. Another way to support fossil phase-out is to include synthetic fuels that are produced from circular carbon sources with renewable energy. Several different fuel types have been proposed, while, methanol only requires little processing from raw materials and could be used directly or as a drop-in fuel for some of the current engine fleet. CO2 emissions arising from fuel production are significantly reduced for synthetic renewable methanol compared to the production of fossil gasoline. Methanol has numerous advantages over the currently used fossil fuels with high RON and flame speed in spark-ignition engines as well as high efficiency and low emissions in combustion ignition engines. Feasible options for engine development or upgrading for methanol have been presented separately in the past work but not considering the whole value chain. The results indicate that high concentration methanol blends will increase significantly tank-to-wheel efficiency, lower energy consumption and CO2 emissions, while their volumetric fuel consumption will increase compared to gasoline, due to the low calorific content of methanol. The work visualizes the impact on CO2 emissions for methanol-fueled transport applications and overall suitability for propulsion. For marine sector, successful demonstrations reveal high maturity of engine technology using methanol fuel. This work also highlights further development needs of synthetic renewable methanol to become a sustainable future transport fuel. - An experimental setup for methanol production for renewable energy storage
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Master's thesis(2020-08-17) Laitinen, MarkusThe challenges posed by climate change require a broad spectrum of new solutions in meeting the international goals for carbon neutrality. Power-to-X technologies (P2X) will play a major role in reaching these goals. P2X means the process of converting electrical energy into chemical energy of some compound, where the energy can be later discharged when needed. Methanol production from carbon dioxide and hydrogen via methanol synthesis allows the storage of renewable electricity to methanol, that can be later used as a fuel for example. This process can be designed to be completely carbon neutral, if the hydrogen needed for the process is produced via water electrolysis, and if the carbon dioxide needed for the process is captured from industrial flue gases or directly from air. This master’s thesis focuses on methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Planning and construction of an experimental methanol reactor setup for CO2-based methanol synthesis is included in this thesis. The structure of the experimental setup with the equipment involved is presented in this master’s thesis. In this thesis we explore the working principles of CO2-based methanol synthesis. A simple model to estimate the equilibrium conversion of CO2 to methanol is developed in this thesis. A literature review is conducted concerning other experimental studies about methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 with similar experimental setups as the one constructed in this master’s thesis. The highest single-pass conversion of CO2 to methanol achieved among the studies in the literature review was below 18% in typical reaction conditions (250 C, 50 bar) when the feed gas composition was stoichiometric. According to the equilibrium model developed in this thesis, the equilibrium conversion from CO2 to methanol is around 20 % at these conditions. By including re-circulation of unreacted gases back to the reactor, the overall conversion could be increased. Nevertheless, CO2-based methanol production has clear benefits over traditional syngas-based methanol synthesis, the most notable ones being the lower by-product formation and the possibility to make the process completely carbon neutral. - Future perspectives of the hydrogen economy in the European Union
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Bachelor's thesis(2021-12-05) Lehtonen, Maija - Industrial CO2 emissions and utilization in Finland
Insinööritieteiden korkeakoulu | Bachelor's thesis(2021-12-05) Okkonen, Eetu - Public acceptance of biofuels in the transport sector in Finland
A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä(2017-08-31) E.Moula, Md.Munjur; Nyari, Judit; Bartel, AngelaThe Finnish transportation sector is the second biggest greenhouse gas emitting sector in Finland. Despite large-scale investment and government commitments to promote biofuels for transport sectors in Finland, little is known about the public acceptance of this alternative transport fuels. Public’s opinion, awareness and knowledge can contribute to social acceptance of new renewable energy and to the overall improvement of consumers’ energy behaviour. This study examines public acceptance in terms of public’s opinion and knowledge about biofuels and their consumer patterns of transportation fuels by designing a multiple-choice questionnaire with four groups of questions: background information, community perspective, social perspective, and market perspective. The analysis of 90 respondents’ survey shows that 50% of the respondents think that there is a direct effect of biofuel production on food prices and would not buy biofuels derived from food crops. Only 60% of them are willing to switch towards purchasing biofuels; however, the lack of information about biofuels prevents them to use biofuels for their transports. Finally, 63 respondents of the car owners, their ideal fuel would be hydrogen (20%), electricity (60%), and other (20%), which meant hybrid. Study findings have important policy implications related to the public acceptance of biofuels in the transport sector.